US3783718A - Machine for rough-and/or finish-turning of heavy workpieces - Google Patents

Machine for rough-and/or finish-turning of heavy workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
US3783718A
US3783718A US00221188A US3783718DA US3783718A US 3783718 A US3783718 A US 3783718A US 00221188 A US00221188 A US 00221188A US 3783718D A US3783718D A US 3783718DA US 3783718 A US3783718 A US 3783718A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
headstock
tailstock
transmission
spindle
bed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00221188A
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English (en)
Inventor
W Kuhne
H Goletz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hegenscheidt MFD GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Hoesch Maschinenfabrik Deutschland AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoesch Maschinenfabrik Deutschland AG filed Critical Hoesch Maschinenfabrik Deutschland AG
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Publication of US3783718A publication Critical patent/US3783718A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
    • B23Q11/0003—Arrangements for preventing undesired thermal effects on tools or parts of the machine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B5/00—Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/14—Axial pattern
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/18—Lathe for wheel or axle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2552—Headstock

Definitions

  • the main transmission of the turning machine has a discrete casing mounted behind the headstock and supporting the main motor which rotates the spindle of the headstock by way of the transmission and a coupling for transmitting torsion only which connects the output element of thctransmission with the headstock spindle.
  • the output shaft of the main motor is located in a vertical plane which includes the common axis of the two spindles.
  • the outer dimensions of the housing of the headstock match the-outer dimensions of the housing of the tailstock.
  • the main motor and the coupling have halves which-are mirror symmetrical with reference to the aforementioned plane.
  • the present invention relates to machine tools in general, and more particularly to improvements in heavy-duty machines for carrying out turning operations on bulky and heavy workpieces, such as large rolls consisting of steel or chilled iron, large turbine rotors,
  • a drawback of presently known programmed heavy-duty machines for rough-turning of heavy metallic workpieces is that, when the tools on the toolsupporting structure of the' machine are'set to make deep cuts in order to rapidly remove substantial quantities of surplus material, the wear on the parts of the machine is so extensive that the final dimensions of workpieces deviate considerably from the desired dimensions after relatively short periods of use of the machine. Therefore, many manufacturers employ discrete rough-turning and discrete finish-turning, machines, Le, a blank is first treated in a rough-turning machine which removes the major part of surplusmaterial, and the thus obtained semifinished blank is thereupon treated in a finish-turning machine. Of course, such two-stage operation can be carried out only in those plants which are equipped with at least two discrete turning machines of required size.
  • the detectors are normally mounted on the carriages of a tool slide which is installed between the headstock and the movable tailstock of a heavy-duty turning machine.
  • Such machines exhibit the drawback that the wear on guide means for the carriages of the tool-supporting structure adversely influences the accuracy of finish of the treated workpieces.
  • any wear on the guide means which extends in parallelism with the spindle immediately results in an increase or in a reduction of the diameter of the treated portion of a workpiece which is held between the centers of the headstock spindle and tailstock spindle.
  • the wear on the guide means which extends transversely of the axis of the headstock spindle is less damaging because minor vertical shifting of the tool exerts a relatively minor influence on the diameter of the treated portion of a workpiece.
  • the accuracy of finish of the workpieces also depends on the wear upon the bearings for the headstock spindle and tailstock spindle.
  • headstock and/or tailstock is normally caused by heat which develops mainly during rough-turning.
  • the position of the axis of the spindle in the headstock and/or tailstock is likely to change if the removal of heat which develops during rough-turning is irregular or in the event of localized generation of heat.
  • certain turning machines In order to prevent the undesirable influence of heat from directly affecting the headstock, certain turning machines employ a headstock which is mounted separately of the main transmission and main prime mover. Such reduction of adverse thermal effects is normally satisfactory in smaller turning machines but not in those which are used for the turning of very heavy and bulky workpieces.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved heavy-duty turning machine which can be utilized for rough-turning and/or finish-tuming of heavy workpieces with a much higher degree of accuracy than in heretofore known heavy-duty turning machines and wherein the accuracy of finish is not affected (or is affected much less than in conventional machines) by prolonged use, influence of heat and/or the effects of wear.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a programmed heavy-duty rough and/or finish-tuming machine with a headstock, a tailstock and certain other component parts which are mounted in a novel and improved way to eliminate or to at least reduce the drawbacks of conventional machines.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a heavy-duty turning machine with novel and improved means for mounting the rotary and reciprocable comand/or finish-turning of heavy and bulky metallic-workpieces, which comprises a frame including a bed, a
  • the headstock and a tailstock both mounted on the bed a horizontal spindle rotatably mounted in the headstock, a discrete main transmission mounted on the bed and having rotary input and output elements, coupling means for transmitting torsion only connecting the output element of the main transmission with the spindle, and prime mover means for rotating the input element of the main transmission.
  • the headstock, the tailstock, the main transmission and the coupling means have halves which are mirror symmetrical with reference to a vertical plane including the axis of the spindle in the headstock.
  • the main transmission comprises a casing which is secured to the bed of the frame and the prime mover means includes a preferably electric motor mounted on the casing of the main transmission.
  • the motor has an output shaft which drives the input element of the main transmission by way of a second transmission and whose axis is located in the aforementioned vertical plane.
  • the headstock comprises a first housing and the tailstock comprises a second housing which is reciprocable toward and away from the headstock and whose outer dimensions match or at least closely approach those of the first housing.
  • the machine tool further embodies certain additional features some of which are also employed in heretofore known heavy-duty turning machines but which, together with the above outlined features, contribute to more accurate finish of workpieces irrespective of the length of use of the improved machine tool.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic side elevational view of a machine for rough and/or finish-turning of heavy workpieces which embodies the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the machine
  • FIG. 3 is a transverse vertical sectional view substantially as seen in the direction of arrows from the line III- ---III of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a transverse vertical sectional view substantially as seen in the direction of arrows from the line IV-IV of FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 there is shown a programmed heavy-duty turning machine which comprises a frame including a base or bed 11, a headstock 12, a tailstock 13 which is reciprocable toward and away from the headstock 12 along guide means or ways provided therefor on the bed 11, a tool slide 14 which is reciprocable on the bed 11 between the headstock 12 and tailstock 13, a main transmission 15 which is mounted on the bed 11 behind the headstock 12, a main prime mover 16 which is mounted on the casing 152 of the main transmission 15, and a programming unit 18 which is connected with a source 17 of electrical energy.
  • the housing 121 of the headstock 12 is secured to the bed 11 by screws and nuts 19 or analogous fasteners to prevent any shifting or lifting of the headstock relative to the frame.
  • the housing 131 of the tailstock 13 is provided with hydrostatic guide means 132 (FIG. 4) which allow for shifting of the tailstock to and from its selected operative position relative to the bed 11.
  • hydrostatic guide means 132 FIG. 4
  • the front end portion of the tailstock spindle 134 is rigidly connected with a diskshaped face plate 20 and carries a dead center 21.
  • a similar center 21 is provided on the headstock spindle 122.
  • the casing 152 of the transmission 15 is a discrete part which is separate from the housing 121 of the headstock 12. The latter is mounted on the bed 11 between the tailstock 13 and the transmission 15.
  • the main prime mover 16 includes an electric motor which is mounted on the casing 152; the axis of the output shaft 16a of such motor is horizontal and is located in a vertical plane aa (see FIG. 1 or 2) which includes the axis of the headstock spindle 122.
  • the axes of the output shaft 161: of the prime mover 16 and the spindle 122 are parallel to each other.
  • the input shaft 1510 of the transmission 15 receives torque from the output shaft 16a by way of a transmission 23 which can include one or more V-belts or one or more chains.
  • the transmission 15 includes a power train 24, preferably a gear train, which transmits torque to the spindle 122 by way of the output shaft 151 and coupling 22.
  • the inner end portion of the spindle 122 is rigidly connected with a second face plate 20 which is'located opposite the face plate 20 on the tailstock spindle 134.
  • a workpiece (not shown) which is mounted between the centers 21 of the spindles 122, 134 is rotated when the prime mover 16 is set in motion and the spindle 122 is driven by the torsional coupling 22.
  • the two halves of the tailstock 13, headstock l2, torsional coupling 22, transmission 15 and prime mover 16 on,the casing 152 are mounted mirror symmetrically with reference to the vertical plane a-a which includes the common axis of the spindles 122, 134 and the axis of the output shaft 16a.
  • a-a which includes the common axis of the spindles 122, 134 and the axis of the output shaft 16a.
  • one-half of each of the components 12, 13, l5, 16, 22 is located at one side and the other half is located at the other side of the plane aa
  • the external dimensions of the housing 131 of the tailstock 13 are preferably identical with the external dimensions of the housing 121 of the headstock 12.
  • the tool slide 14 comprises a lower carriage 141 which is reciprocable on the bed 11 between the face plates in the direction of the common axis of the spindles 122, 134 and supports an upper carriage 142.
  • the lower carriage 141 is provided with first hydrostatic guide means 1411 cooperating with the bed 11 and second hydrostatic guide means 1421 allowing the upper carriage 142 to move at right angles to the common axis of the spindles 122 and 134.
  • the means for respectively moving the carriages 141, 142 lengthwise and transversely of the bed 11 comprises two electric motors 25, 26 which are electrically connected with the programming unit 18 by means of conductors 27, 28.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 illustrate a turning tool 29 which is mounted on the upper carriage 142 of the tool slide 14.
  • the means for tracking and selecting the position of the tool 29 as considered in the longitudinal direction of the bed 1 1 includes a detector 30 which is mounted on the lower carriage 14.1 and slides along a measuring and pulse transmitting bar 31. The latter extends in parallelism with the guide means 1411.
  • the means for tracking and selecting the position of the tool 29 in a direction at right angles to the common axis of the spindles 122, 134 comprise a second detector 32 which slides along a second measuring and pulse transmitting bar 33.
  • the detector 32 is mounted on the carriage 142 and the bar 33 is parallel to the guide means 1421.
  • the detectors 30, 32 are connected with the programming unit 18 by way of conductors 34, 35.
  • Anadvanta'ge of the coupling 22 is that it prevents the transmission of bending stresses to the headstock spindle 122.
  • Such bending stresses normally develop if the output element of the main transmission transmits to the headstock spindle torque by way of a chain drive or a belt transmission.
  • the bending stresses which develop in conventional machines wherein the output element of the main transmission is not aligned with the I headstock spindle are likely to effect a shift in the position of the headstock spindle with attendant adverse effects upon the accuracy of finish of the articles.
  • the improved turning machine further insures that the accuracy of finish remains unchanged in each portion of a workpiece which is held between the face plates 20 of the spindles 122 and 134.
  • the mirror symmetrical mounting of the halves of components 12, 13, 15, 16 and 22 with reference to the plane aa further reduces the likelihood of adverse influence of heat (particularly such heat which develops during roughturning) upon the equality of finished products. This is due to the fact that such mirror symmetrical mounting reduces the likelihood of appreciable shifting of the axes of spindles 122, 134 with and/or relative to each other, i.e., relative to the tool or tools on the slide 14.
  • a coupling which can be used between the output element 151 of the main transmission 15 and the spindle 122 of the headstock 12 is disclosed, for example, in German patent No. l 211 776.
  • a combination comprising a frame including a bed; a headstock and a tailstock mounted on said bed; a horizontal spindle rotatably mounted in said headstock; a discrete transmission mounted on said bed axially spaced from said headstock and having rotary input and output elements; coupling means for transmission of torsion only connecting said output element with said spindle; andprime mover means for rotating said input element; said headstock, said tailstock, said transmission and said coupling means having halves which are mirror symmetrical with reference to a vertical plane including the axis of said spindle.
  • said transmission comprises a casing secured to said bed and said prime mover means comprises a single motor mounted on said casing and including an output shaft having an axis located in said plane.
  • said headstock comprises a first housing and hydrostatic bearing means provided in said first housing for said spindle, said tailstock comprising a second housing, a second spindle coaxial with said first mentioned spindle, and hydrostatic bearing means provided in said second housing for said second spindle.
US00221188A 1971-02-01 1972-01-27 Machine for rough-and/or finish-turning of heavy workpieces Expired - Lifetime US3783718A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2104534A DE2104534B2 (de) 1971-02-01 1971-02-01 Numerisch gesteuerte Schwerdreh maschine, insbesondere Walzendrehmaschine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3783718A true US3783718A (en) 1974-01-08

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00221188A Expired - Lifetime US3783718A (en) 1971-02-01 1972-01-27 Machine for rough-and/or finish-turning of heavy workpieces

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US3783718A (de)
AT (1) AT309949B (de)
BE (1) BE778417A (de)
CH (1) CH544600A (de)
CS (1) CS172362B2 (de)
DE (1) DE2104534B2 (de)
FR (1) FR2125010A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1312897A (de)
IT (1) IT950608B (de)
PL (1) PL76615B1 (de)
RO (1) RO60649A (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4343206A (en) * 1980-06-12 1982-08-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Slide system for machine tools
US5175914A (en) * 1987-04-28 1993-01-05 Yamazaki Mazak Corporation Machine tool having dual spindles and tool rests
US5230265A (en) * 1991-07-18 1993-07-27 Gebr. Heller Maschinenfabrik, Gesellschaft mit beschrankter Haftung Method for machine-cut working of workpieces with rotationally symmetrical surfaces, particularly of crankshafts and apparatus for carrying-out such a method
US6053083A (en) * 1998-02-26 2000-04-25 Mosey; George N. Turning and boring machine with double centering positioners
US6062117A (en) * 1996-09-20 2000-05-16 Komatsu Machinery Corp. Machining apparatus for works having non-circular curves
US6165054A (en) * 1998-03-04 2000-12-26 Super Silicon Crystal Research Institute Corp. Double side grinding apparatus and double side polishing apparatus
US6685536B1 (en) * 1999-05-11 2004-02-03 Erwin Junker Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Method for grinding convex running faces and outside diameters on shaft-like workpieces in one set-up and grinding machine for carrying out the method

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3109903A1 (de) * 1981-03-14 1982-09-23 Gebr. Brinkmann Maschinen- und Zahnradfabrik GmbH, 4930 Detmold Numerisch gesteuerte drehmaschine

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1670109A (en) * 1924-03-12 1928-05-15 Wickes Brothers Axle lathe
US3058559A (en) * 1958-07-26 1962-10-16 Ver Werkzeugmaschinenfabriken Spindle mounting for machine tools
US3096674A (en) * 1960-07-29 1963-07-09 United Eng Foundry Co Headstock for lathe
US3345892A (en) * 1966-03-05 1967-10-10 Hegenscheidt Kg Wilhelm Wheel turning lathe
US3533316A (en) * 1967-04-24 1970-10-13 Babcock & Wilcox Co Hydrostatic precision tailstocks

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1670109A (en) * 1924-03-12 1928-05-15 Wickes Brothers Axle lathe
US3058559A (en) * 1958-07-26 1962-10-16 Ver Werkzeugmaschinenfabriken Spindle mounting for machine tools
US3096674A (en) * 1960-07-29 1963-07-09 United Eng Foundry Co Headstock for lathe
US3345892A (en) * 1966-03-05 1967-10-10 Hegenscheidt Kg Wilhelm Wheel turning lathe
US3533316A (en) * 1967-04-24 1970-10-13 Babcock & Wilcox Co Hydrostatic precision tailstocks

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4343206A (en) * 1980-06-12 1982-08-10 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Slide system for machine tools
US5175914A (en) * 1987-04-28 1993-01-05 Yamazaki Mazak Corporation Machine tool having dual spindles and tool rests
US5230265A (en) * 1991-07-18 1993-07-27 Gebr. Heller Maschinenfabrik, Gesellschaft mit beschrankter Haftung Method for machine-cut working of workpieces with rotationally symmetrical surfaces, particularly of crankshafts and apparatus for carrying-out such a method
US6062117A (en) * 1996-09-20 2000-05-16 Komatsu Machinery Corp. Machining apparatus for works having non-circular curves
US6053083A (en) * 1998-02-26 2000-04-25 Mosey; George N. Turning and boring machine with double centering positioners
US6165054A (en) * 1998-03-04 2000-12-26 Super Silicon Crystal Research Institute Corp. Double side grinding apparatus and double side polishing apparatus
US6685536B1 (en) * 1999-05-11 2004-02-03 Erwin Junker Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Method for grinding convex running faces and outside diameters on shaft-like workpieces in one set-up and grinding machine for carrying out the method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1312897A (en) 1973-04-11
CH544600A (de) 1973-11-30
RO60649A (de) 1976-12-15
DE2104534A1 (de) 1972-08-10
CS172362B2 (de) 1976-12-29
IT950608B (it) 1973-06-20
AT309949B (de) 1973-09-10
BE778417A (fr) 1972-07-24
PL76615B1 (de) 1975-02-28
DE2104534B2 (de) 1973-11-15
FR2125010A5 (de) 1972-09-22

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