US3782454A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US3782454A
US3782454A US00229062A US3782454DA US3782454A US 3782454 A US3782454 A US 3782454A US 00229062 A US00229062 A US 00229062A US 3782454D A US3782454D A US 3782454DA US 3782454 A US3782454 A US 3782454A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
liquid
tubes
heat exchanger
tank
inlet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00229062A
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English (en)
Inventor
R Slaasted
E Smith
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Modine Manufacturing Co
Original Assignee
Modine Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Modine Manufacturing Co filed Critical Modine Manufacturing Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3782454A publication Critical patent/US3782454A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0202—Header boxes having their inner space divided by partitions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0246—Arrangements for connecting header boxes with flow lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/26—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/454—Heat exchange having side-by-side conduits structure or conduit section
    • Y10S165/471—Plural parallel conduits joined by manifold
    • Y10S165/481—Partitions in manifold define serial flow pattern for conduits/conduit groups

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A heat exchanger including a header plate and a plurality of tubes having ends extending through the plate with an inlet tank mounted on the plate enclosing a number of the tube ends with a liquid pipe to the inlet tank for supplying liquid thereto and thereby distributing liquid by way of the inlet tank to the tubes enclosed by the inlet tank. There are also provided additional flow tank means mounted on the plate enclosing the remaining tube ends for flow of liquid through the tubes. The result of this construction is that the liquid is distributed evenly to the tubes whose ends are enclosed by the inlet tank so that flow in parallel paths is substantially uniform through these enclosed tubes.
  • PATENTED JAN 1 4 SHEEI 3 BF 3 HEAT EXCHANGER BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to heat exchangers and is particularly applicable to a heat exchanger where liquid is directed through spaced. tubes to exchange heat with a fluid flowing over thetubes. It is especially applicable to refrigerant evaporators because the invention provides an even distribution of the liquid through the parallel tubes which is important in efficient cooling by liquid refrigerant evaporation.
  • the heat exchanger of this invention comprises a header plate and a plurality of tubes with ends extending through the plate and an inlet tank of small extent mounted on the plate enclosing several (such as one to four) of the tube ends so that liquid supplied to this small inlet tank is subjected to turbulence and distributed evenly between the tubes for flow in parallel paths through the remaining tubes of the heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 1 is a plan view of the top of a heat exchanger embodying the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the embodiment of FIG. 1 taken from the right side of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevational view taken from the lower side of FIG. 1 and with portions broken away for clarity of illustration.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are plan and side elevational views of a second embodiment of theinvention.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 are plan and side elevational views of a third embodiment of the invention.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 are similar views of a fourth embodiment.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 are similar views of a fifth embodiment.
  • the heat exchanger 10 comprises spaced parallel header plates 11 and 12 through which extend the ends 13 of a plurality of parallel tubes 14.
  • Mounted on the top plate 12 are three staggered formed inlet tanks 15 each enclosing a pair of tube ends 13.
  • These small inlet tanks 15 are supplied with liquid refrigerant through a pipe 16 which empties into a conduit 17 that extends over the tops of the tanks 15 and communicates with each intermediate the corresponding pair of tubes 13 by way of an opening 18.
  • the inlet tanks 15 serve to distribute liquid indicated at 19 with turbulence evenly to the three pairs of tubes 14 by way of the enclosed tube ends 13 and thus to the entire heat exchanger.
  • the liquid flows downwardly through the tubes 14 to U-bends (not shown) on the other end of the heat exchanger and then back up through tubes 20 into a tank 21 for flow outwardly through an outlet pipe 22 as indicated by the arrow 23.
  • header plates 11 and 12 are substantially parallel to each other with the lower plate 11 being held between the sides 24 that comprise downward parallel extensions of the ends of the top header plate 12.
  • the lower header plate 11 is held in position between these sides 24 by inwardly extending tubes 25 and 26 struck inwardly from the parallel sides 24.
  • the formed inlet tanks 15 serve to distribute liquid evenly to the pair of tubes 14 whose ends 13 are enclosed by each.
  • the overlying conduit 17 serves the function of distributing the liquid evenly to the inlet tanks 15.
  • this construction distributes the liquid evenly to all six heat exchanger tubes 14 and thereby to the other tubes 20.
  • this is particularly important where the heat exchanger is an evaporator for liquid refrigerant because the efficiency of operation depends in part on the even distribution of the liquid refrigerant.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate a second embodiment of the invention.
  • the tubes are omitted except as indicated in dotted lines at the inlet because the tubes are essentially the same as the tubes 14 and 20 of the first embodiment.
  • the header plate 112 is provided with an inlet tank 115 that communicates with a pair of tubes 114 at the end of the heat exchanger 110.
  • Mounted on top of the header plate 112 is a plurality of flow tanks 27 that are spaced from each other and that like the tanks 15 of the first embodiment enclose the ends of a pair of tubes (not shown) in the same manner that the tanks 15 of the first embodiment enclose the tank-ends 13.
  • liquid from the inlet pipe 116 is directed into the inlet tank 115 for flow through the tubes 114 in parallel and then through successive tubes in parallel by way of the flow tanks 27.
  • an outlet tank 28 enclosing the ends of the last two tubes 29 and 30 in each parallel set for flow of the refrigerant outwardly through the exit pipe 122.
  • the heat exchanger 210 is provided with a similar inlet tank 215 that communicates with three parallel tubes 214 by way of an inlet fitting 31 of turbulence inducing contour (flattened cross section) having an opening 32 exhausting downwardly to about the midpoint of the elongated inlet tank 215.
  • Flow to the fitting 31 is provided by the inlet pipe 216 and flow from the heat exchanger is through an outlet pipe 222 leading from an outlet tank 228 on the opposite end of the heat exchanger 210.
  • the liquid in this embodiment thereby flows in three parallel paths with succeeding tubes (not shown) in each path being interconnected by the formed flow tanks 227.
  • Each of these tanks 227 interconnects the tube ends in the same manner as the tanks 15 interconnect the tube ends 13 of the first embodiment.
  • the heat exchanger 310 is provided with a liquid inlet pipe 316 leading to an inlet tank 315 mounted on the header plate 312 that is similar to the header plates 12, 112 and 212 of the previous embodiments.
  • the tank 315 communicates with a pair of tubes 314 of oval cross section similar to the tubes in the other embodiments.
  • the liquid flows through the parallel paths by way of flow tanks 327 mounted on the plate 312 as in the other embodiments, with the final pair of tubes (not shown) exhausting through an outlet tank 328 to an outlet pipe 322.
  • the heat exchanger 410 has a similar header plate 412 and similar flow tanks 427 interconnecting succeeding tubes in two parallel paths in the same manner as previously described.
  • an inlet tank 415 of somewhat similar shape to the one in the preceding embodiment and an outlet tank 428 with these tanks being connected with a liquid supply pipe 416 and a liquid exit pipe 422, respectively.
  • variable tanks are assembled on the header plates by small tubes 33 which are then bonded into an integral structure by well known bonding procedures.
  • the heat exchanger of this invention therefore provides for even distribution ofa liquid into parallel paths of flow and thus it is of particular importance in supplying liquid refrigerant to an evaporator.
  • the liquid flow is through six tubes 14 in parallel and exhausts through six tubes 20.
  • the flow is in two or three parallel paths with two being used in FIGS. 4, 8 and 10 and three in FIG. 6. In all instances, however, the flow is substantially uniform because of the improved liquid distribution means of this invention.
  • liquid inlet pipe 16-416 is arranged at an angle of less than 180 to the axes of the inlet pipes that are enclosed by the inlet tanks 15-415.
  • the angle is 90.
  • the angle is about 135".
  • the even distribution of the liquid flowing into the heat exchanger appears to be caused by the turbulence created in the flowing liquid.
  • this even distribution is achieved by the combination of the contour (and specifically the flattened cross section) of the inlet tanks 15-415 and the angle of inlet flow through the inlet pipes 16-416 relative to the inlet ends of the tubes I4-4I4.
  • this angle is less than l80.
  • a heat exchanger comprising: a header plate; fluid conveying tubes having ends extending through said plate; an inlet flow tank of flattened cross sectional contour mounted on said plate enclosing at least one but less than all of said tube ends; a liquid inlet pipe to said inlet tank adjacent to said tube ends and at an angle of less than 180 at the inlet tank to the central axis of said tube ends for supplying liquid to said inlet tank and distributing the liquid by way of said inlet tank to said tubes enclosed by said inlet tank, said contour and said angle inducing turbulence in said liquid into the inlet flow tank and thus even distribution of said liquid from said tank to said tube ends; and additional flow tanks mounted on said plate enclosing the remaining tube ends for flow of liquid through said tubes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US00229062A 1972-02-24 1972-02-24 Heat exchanger Expired - Lifetime US3782454A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US22906272A 1972-02-24 1972-02-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3782454A true US3782454A (en) 1974-01-01

Family

ID=22859701

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00229062A Expired - Lifetime US3782454A (en) 1972-02-24 1972-02-24 Heat exchanger

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3782454A (cs)
DE (1) DE2300881A1 (cs)
FR (1) FR2173260B1 (cs)
GB (1) GB1404058A (cs)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5622219A (en) * 1994-10-24 1997-04-22 Modine Manufacturing Company High efficiency, small volume evaporator for a refrigerant
US6161614A (en) * 1998-03-27 2000-12-19 Karmazin Products Corporation Aluminum header construction
ES2155299A1 (es) * 1997-06-26 2001-05-01 Vicasa Sa Camisas refrigeradas por agua aplicables a la fabricacion de envases de vidrio.
JP2003106788A (ja) * 2001-09-27 2003-04-09 Denso Corp 熱交換器
US20050189430A1 (en) * 2004-02-26 2005-09-01 Mestek, Inc. Multi-zone integral face bypass coil system
US7000690B2 (en) * 2001-10-06 2006-02-21 Behr Gmbh & Co. Heat exchanger for a motor vehicle
EP3163244A1 (en) * 2015-10-28 2017-05-03 Borgwarner Emissions Systems Spain, S.L.U. Evaporator

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4002201A (en) * 1974-05-24 1977-01-11 Borg-Warner Corporation Multiple fluid stacked plate heat exchanger
EP0029859B1 (de) * 1979-11-29 1983-06-01 Ford-Werke Aktiengesellschaft Wärmetauscher für Verdampfer, insbesondere für Klimaanlagen
DE3133665C2 (de) * 1981-08-26 1984-06-07 Süddeutsche Kühlerfabrik Julius Fr. Behr GmbH & Co KG, 7000 Stuttgart Verbindung von Rohren eines Wärmetauscherblocks mit einem Anschlußkasten, insbesondere für einen Verdampfer
JPS63181784U (cs) * 1987-05-15 1988-11-24
EP0328414A3 (en) * 1988-02-12 1989-09-27 Acr Heat Transfer Manufacturing Limited Heat exchanger
IT1237601B (it) * 1989-10-06 1993-06-08 Borletti Climatizzazione Scambiatore di calore a tubi d'acqua per impianti di climatizzazione di autoveicoli con collettore dotato di setto partitore di flusso.
DE4213509A1 (de) * 1992-04-24 1993-10-28 Audi Ag Wärmetauscher, insbesondere Kondensator für Fahrzeug-Klimaanlagen
FR2780152B1 (fr) * 1998-06-23 2001-03-30 Valeo Climatisation Echangeur de chaleur pour vehicule automobile, et son procede de fabrication

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1917042A (en) * 1928-05-09 1933-07-04 Carrier Res Corp Heating coil

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1454107A (en) * 1923-05-08 Mqoid-cooling radiator
GB191223177A (en) * 1912-10-10 1913-12-10 British Still Tube Company Ltd Improvements in or relating to Tubular Heat Interchanging Apparatus.
US1799691A (en) * 1927-11-19 1931-04-07 Karmazin John Radiator construction
GB1191951A (en) * 1967-01-12 1970-05-13 Marston Radiators Ltd Tubular Heat Exchanger

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1917042A (en) * 1928-05-09 1933-07-04 Carrier Res Corp Heating coil

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5622219A (en) * 1994-10-24 1997-04-22 Modine Manufacturing Company High efficiency, small volume evaporator for a refrigerant
US5685366A (en) * 1994-10-24 1997-11-11 Modine Manufacturing High efficiency, small volume evaporator for a refrigerant
ES2155299A1 (es) * 1997-06-26 2001-05-01 Vicasa Sa Camisas refrigeradas por agua aplicables a la fabricacion de envases de vidrio.
US6161614A (en) * 1998-03-27 2000-12-19 Karmazin Products Corporation Aluminum header construction
JP2003106788A (ja) * 2001-09-27 2003-04-09 Denso Corp 熱交換器
US7000690B2 (en) * 2001-10-06 2006-02-21 Behr Gmbh & Co. Heat exchanger for a motor vehicle
US20060070729A1 (en) * 2001-10-06 2006-04-06 Behr Gmbh & Co. Heat exchanger for a motor vehicle
US7234515B2 (en) * 2001-10-06 2007-06-26 Behr Gmbh & Co. Heat exchanger for a motor vehicle
US20050189430A1 (en) * 2004-02-26 2005-09-01 Mestek, Inc. Multi-zone integral face bypass coil system
EP3163244A1 (en) * 2015-10-28 2017-05-03 Borgwarner Emissions Systems Spain, S.L.U. Evaporator
US10458723B2 (en) 2015-10-28 2019-10-29 Borgwarner Emissions Systems Spain, S.L.U. Evaporator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2173260B1 (cs) 1975-08-22
DE2300881A1 (de) 1973-09-06
GB1404058A (en) 1975-08-28
FR2173260A1 (cs) 1973-10-05

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