US3779787A - Method for producing tobacco-smoke filters - Google Patents

Method for producing tobacco-smoke filters Download PDF

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Publication number
US3779787A
US3779787A US00181353A US3779787DA US3779787A US 3779787 A US3779787 A US 3779787A US 00181353 A US00181353 A US 00181353A US 3779787D A US3779787D A US 3779787DA US 3779787 A US3779787 A US 3779787A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
rod
additive
holes
bath
filter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00181353A
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English (en)
Inventor
F Haslam
H Horsewell
P Gannaway
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brown and Williamson Holdings Inc
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Brown and Williamson Tobacco Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Brown and Williamson Tobacco Corp filed Critical Brown and Williamson Tobacco Corp
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Publication of US3779787A publication Critical patent/US3779787A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
    • A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
    • A24D3/02—Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
    • A24D3/0204—Preliminary operations before the filter rod forming process, e.g. crimping, blooming
    • A24D3/0212—Applying additives to filter materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core

Definitions

  • the invention is concerned with a method for the production of tobacco-smoke filters in which an additive is introduced into a rod of tobacco-smoke filter material from a liquid additive bath by means of holes pierced, for example by needles, in the said rod and creating a pressure differential between the rod and bath whereby the additive is drawn into the rod I through the holes.
  • the filter material may be an extruded open-cell foam material, such as polyethylene or polypropylene material.
  • the pierced rod may be passed through a bath of the additive in such a manner that the additive is taken into the rod through the holes.
  • Filters composed of more than one short section each having different filtration characteristics are known as multiple filters.
  • the sections may be made of different materials such, for example, as cellulose acetate or paper and one or more may be treated with an additive or different additives.
  • the sections are then assembled in abutting relationship and wrapped in conventional manner.
  • the assembly of these short sections on machines operating at high speeds presents difficulties which necessitate slowing down of the machine and frequently leads to stoppages thereof.
  • the production of such filters is expensive because two machine operations are required, i.e. manufacture of rod from which the individual sections are cut and a sepatate operation to combine them.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a method and means capable of promoting or contributing to rapid, convenient and continuous manufacture of dual or multiple filters, or their equivalents, in a single operation.
  • an additive is introduced into a rod of tobacco-smoke filter material by means of a hole or holes pierced in the said rod.
  • a filter-rod of a material composed of or comprising an open-cell type of thermoplastic extruded foam material, such as polyethylene or polypropylene is pierced with holes extending from its surface and is passed through a bath of an additive in such a manner that additive is taken into the rod through the holes.
  • a suitable extruded foam material is one produced by Monsanto Chemicals Ltd., as described in their United Kingdom Pat. No. 1,182,646. This material can be extruded in filter-rod form.
  • FIG. I is a diagrammatic side elevation, partially broken away, of one form of apparatus for introducing an additive into a filter rod
  • FIG. 2 a detail section to a larger scale taken on the line lI-II in FIG. 1, and
  • FIG. 3 a longitudinal section through another form of part of such apparatus.
  • a wrapped cigarette-filter rod 1 of open-cell extruded thermoplastic foam material for example extruded polyethylene foam material
  • each piercing device comprises a perforating needle 5 fixed in a holder 6 which is connected by a pivot 7 to a stem 8 forming an extension of a constantly reciprocated plunger 9 which is slidable in a cylindrical guide 10.
  • the needle 5 is loaded towards the rod 1 by a helical spring 11.
  • the plungers 9 are reciprocated by cam means, for example.
  • the upper and lower plungers 9 are operated so as to cause the needles 5 to be driven through the wrapper 12 of the filter rod 1 to produce holes l3, 14 of a depth of l to 2.5 mm.
  • the upper and lower needles are operated simultaneously, but they may be operated in alternation so that the upper and lower holes 13 and 14 produced are offset slightly, say by 1 to 4 mm, longitudinally of the rod 1.
  • the holes 13 and 14 are produced at equal intervals, but they may be produced at alternate long and short intervals, as hereinafter described.
  • the upper and lower devices 2a, 2b may themselves be offset and operated simultaneously. If the upper and lower holes are to be diametrically opposite to each other, they can be pierced by a single needle passed right through the rod 1.
  • the diameter of the needles may suitably be from 0.5 to 1.5 mm.
  • the interval between successive holes 13 or 14 on the same side of the rod 1 will be related closely, although not necessarily precisely, to the lengths of the two sections in the case of a dual filter.
  • the pierced rod 1 is passed into and through the bath 3, in which the level 15 of the additive 4 is so maintained that the rod is only partially immersed, say to between a third and three quarters of its diameter, the upper holes 13 being located above the said level.
  • the bath level is maintained by overflow holes 16 which discharge into a trough 17 having a drain 18.
  • the bath is supplied with additive through a pipe 19 having a supply-control valve 20 and can be emptied, when required, through a drain 21 having a cock 22.
  • the rod 1 passes under a hood 23 which is elongated longitudinally of the rod so that it always covers one or more upper holes 13 as the rod passes under it.
  • the underside of the hood 23 is shaped to fit snugly to the rod 1 at the ends (FIG. 1) and at the sides (FIG. 2).
  • the hood 23 is connected by a pipe 24 to a source of vacuum, whereby a pressure of between 25 and 50 cm water gauge is maintained in the hood.
  • the suction thus applied to the top of the foam rod 1 will draw the additive 4 through a lower hole 14 into the rod to impregnate a region adjacent to that hole, the additive spreading slightly in the rod.
  • the rod passes through a drying zone and is cut by known means into filter lengths, each length comprising an impregnated region or section and an untreated section, so that the equivalent of a dual filter is obtained.
  • the drives for advancing the rod 1, the piercing devices 2a, 2b and the cutting means are synchronised.
  • 25 to mg of additive may be thus introduced per treated section of filter.
  • a further set of holes may be similarly pierced, beyond the bath 3, in sections of the rod 1 different from those in which the holes l3, 14 are located.
  • the above described procedure is repeated, using a second bath which contains an additive different from that in the bath 3, after which the rod is dried and cut into filter lengths, equivalent to triple filters.
  • the foam material may be such as has a relatively smoke-impervious surface layer, as may be the case with a plastics material produced in accordance with the above-mentioned patent.
  • the rod 1 need not be wrapped before its passage through the apparatus.
  • the holes 13, 14 may alternatively be produced by two spiked wheels located one above and the other below the rod 1 and rotated with a peripheral speed equal to the speed of the rod and in the direction of its movement.
  • a single wheel may be used with spikes of a length slightly greater than the diameter of the rod.
  • the rod 1 is pierced to form similar small holes in bands or rings extending around the circumference of the rod and spaced at intervals along it, or even at random around and along the rod over distances each corresponding to the length of a treated section of, say, a dual filter, this being repeated at distances related to the length of the filter.
  • FIG. 3 An alternative means for the actual introduction of the additive, which may be used in conjunction with the piercing means shown on the right-hand side of FIG. 1, or with the other piercing means described above, is illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the pierced rod 1 is passed through a chamber 25 evacuated through a pipe 26 to a pressure of 600 to 980 cm water gauge and a second chamber 27 holding the additive 4 supplied by a pump through a pipe 28 and maintained at a level therein such that the rod 1 is totally submerged.
  • additive is drawn into the interior of the rod through the holes by the low pressure existing inside the rod. This may be assisted by pressure in the chamber 27.
  • the rod 1 passes through the walls of the chambers 25, 27 by way of O-seals 29 which effectively seal off the said chambers.
  • the rod may be passed through the chambers at a speed of, say, 300 mm per second, at which speed from 10 to 40% of additive by weight can be arranged to be taken up by the rod material in the treated sections.
  • the rod 1 may be pierced and the additive introduced by needleless injection such as is used in medical inoculation.
  • a reservoir holding a solution or dispersion of the additive supplies a pump, similar to a fuel-injection pump for a vehicle engine, which delivers, at predetermined intervals, a predetermined quantity of the additive to an injection nozzle, similar to a fuel-injection nozzle.
  • the nozzle is located close to or substantially in contact with the rod so that jets of the additive are forced into the rod at regular, or possibly irregular, intervals of time.
  • the rod is moved past a stationary nozzle, but the rod and/or the nozzle could be stationary or moving during injection.
  • the additive is ejected from the nozzle with such force as to penetrate the rod and impregnate a section thereof with the additive.
  • More than one nozzle, associated with a pump, may be used to inject the rod with different additives in different sections.
  • the injection means may be so located on or in relation to a machine which produces the rod that injection occurs either immediately before or after wrapping of the rod or immediately following extrusion from the die of an extruder by which the rod is formed.
  • the rod is cut into sections as previously described.
  • Substances which may be added to the rod in any of the above-described ways are solutions or dispersions of organic or inorganic, acidic or alkaline, materials, or slurries, for instance of carbon or alumina, of finely divided metals such as zinc or of small beads of ionexchange material. They may be substances with specific or selective smoke filtration properties or substances which promote filtration. Specific substances which may be used include manganese dioxide, zinc oxide or acetate, polyethylene imines, lithium chloride, sodium carbonate, trisodium phosphate, ethylenediamine diacetate and zeolites.
  • additives concerned with filtration additives concerned with smoke-flavour improvement or modification, such for example as menthol, sweetening agents and the like, or combinations of such may be similarly introduced.
  • the substance should not be such as to interfere deleteriously with the substance of the rod.
  • Dual or multiple filters or their equivalents in one of the ways described above are ready to be assembled with cigarettes on a conventional filter-tip cigarette making machine.
  • EXAMPLE 1 Using apparatus such as has been described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, a cigarette-filter rod of extruded polyethylene foam material was pierced, above and below at diametrically opposite points, to a depth of 2 mm, using needles of 1 mm diameter. The holes were pierced at alternate intervals of 24 and 6 mm along the rod. The rod then passed through a bath (similar to the bath 3 in FIG. 1) containing, as additive, a 10% solution of sodium carbonate at room temperature. The rod was immersed to a depth of half its diameter in the solution, so that the lower holes were submerged below the surface, but not the upper holes. The upper holes were subjected (by a hood similar to the hood 23 in FIGS.
  • each such dual filter comprised a section about 5 mm long containing 6.5 mg of sodium carbonate and a section 10 mm long of untreated material.
  • EXAMPLE 2 A filter rod of the same material as in Example I was pierced above and below to a depth of 2 mm as in that Example, but the upper and lower holes were offset 1 mm along the rod.
  • Example 1 The rod was then passed in the manner described in Example 1 through a bath, which in this case contained a 10% solution of zinc acetate, and suction was applied at a pressure of 75 cm water gauge.
  • the rod was dried and cut as in Example I.
  • the treated suction of each dual filter contained 6.5 mg of zinc acetate.
  • EXAMPLE 3 A filter rod of polypropylene foam material was pierced to a depth of about I mm with a needle of 0.25 mm diameter in such a way as to form bands of holes around the circumference of the rod, the bands being again at alternate intervals of 24 mm and 6 mm along the rod.
  • the rod was then passed through an evacuation chamber (similar to the chamber 25 in FIG. 3) at a speed of 300 mm per second, the chamber being evacuated to a pressure of 830 cm water gauge. From the evacuation chamber, the rod passed through a chamber (similar to the chamber 27 in FIG. 3) containing a 2.5% solution of menthol in methanol, the rod being totally submerged. By this means, microliter of the solution was drawn into the filter rod through each band of holes.
  • the rod was dried and cut, midway between treated regions at 6 mm intervals, into 90 mm lengths and finally into dual filters of mm length, the treated sections of which each contained 3 mg of menthol.
  • a method for the production of tobacco smoke filters from a rod of tobacco smoke filter material comprising the steps of piercing said rod along its length so as to create a plurality of holes therein, submerging said pierced rod into a liquid additive bath and creating a pressure differential between said rod and said bath whereby said liquid additive is drawn into said rod through said holes to form said filter.
  • a method for the production of tobacco smoke filters from a rod of tobacco smoke filter material comprising the steps of piercing said rod along its length from above and below its longitudinal axis so as to create a plurality of holes therein, submerging only said holes below the longitudinal axis into a liquid additive bath and applying suction means to said holes above the longitudinal axis to create a pressure differential between said rod and said bath whereby said liquid additive is drawn into said rod through said holes to form said filter.
  • a method for the production of tobacco smoke filters from. a rod of open-cell foam tobacco smoke filter material comprising the steps of piercing said rod along its length so as to create a plurality of holes therein, subjecting said rod to a first reduced pressure whereby to evacuate said material and thereafter passing said evacuated rod through a liquid additive bath at a second pressure above said first reduced pressure whereby the pressure differential between the interior of said rod and said bath causes said additive to be drawn into saidrod.

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  • Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
US00181353A 1970-10-07 1971-09-17 Method for producing tobacco-smoke filters Expired - Lifetime US3779787A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB4770670 1970-10-07
GB3690171 1971-08-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3779787A true US3779787A (en) 1973-12-18

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US00181353A Expired - Lifetime US3779787A (en) 1970-10-07 1971-09-17 Method for producing tobacco-smoke filters
US00352929A Expired - Lifetime US3853039A (en) 1970-10-07 1973-04-20 Improvements relating to tobacco-smoke filters

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00352929A Expired - Lifetime US3853039A (en) 1970-10-07 1973-04-20 Improvements relating to tobacco-smoke filters

Country Status (8)

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US (2) US3779787A (fr)
BE (1) BE773621A (fr)
CA (1) CA940000A (fr)
CH (1) CH543246A (fr)
DE (1) DE2149433A1 (fr)
DK (2) DK126824B (fr)
FI (1) FI50825C (fr)
NL (1) NL7113502A (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4439592A (en) * 1981-10-02 1984-03-27 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Preparation of polydiorganosiloxanes having terminal triorganosilyl groups
US4549875A (en) * 1983-06-02 1985-10-29 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
US4768526A (en) * 1983-06-02 1988-09-06 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Tobacco smoke filters
US4926889A (en) * 1986-12-10 1990-05-22 Brackett George E Apparatus for treating tobacco products
US5856006A (en) * 1994-09-19 1999-01-05 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Tobacco filter material and a method for producing the same
US20030224918A1 (en) * 2002-03-29 2003-12-04 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Method and apparatus for making cigarette filters with a centrally located flavored element
US20060052226A1 (en) * 2002-09-11 2006-03-09 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Injection of a medium into a filter segment
US20090260643A1 (en) * 2008-04-18 2009-10-22 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Filter making apparatus
US20090293894A1 (en) * 2008-06-02 2009-12-03 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Smoking article with transparent section
CN112859652A (zh) * 2021-01-20 2021-05-28 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 室内抽烟监控方法及监控装置

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2020158B (en) * 1978-04-21 1982-11-24 Cigarette Components Ltd Production of tobacco smoke filters
US4233995A (en) * 1979-04-12 1980-11-18 Risdon Corporation Cigarette/cigar treatment device
WO1981003413A1 (fr) * 1980-06-06 1981-12-10 Risdon Corp Dispositif de traitement de cigarettes/cigares
US5203757A (en) * 1986-11-29 1993-04-20 Rhone Poulenc Rhodia Ag Method and apparatus for producing tobacco smoke filter rods
DE3640883A1 (de) * 1986-11-29 1988-06-09 Rhodia Ag Verfahren und vorrichtungen zum herstellen von tabakrauchfilterstaeben
US8308623B2 (en) * 2008-10-28 2012-11-13 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Apparatus for enhancing a filter component of a smoking article, and associated method
CN104705778B (zh) * 2015-01-19 2016-06-29 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 一种烟草流动萃取装置

Citations (5)

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US1588617A (en) * 1923-09-01 1926-06-15 Rose Newton Augustus Waterproof object or article and process of producing the same
US1986319A (en) * 1929-11-08 1935-01-01 Bongrand Jean Etienne Charles Process of manufacture of threads of textile material
US3253967A (en) * 1962-12-18 1966-05-31 Du Pont Process for producing foam cigarette filters
US3329544A (en) * 1961-05-11 1967-07-04 Cigarette Components Ltd Method of producing filter cores
US3485208A (en) * 1963-12-30 1969-12-23 Cigarette Components Ltd Apparatus for injecting tobacco smoke modifying material into multiple length filter rods

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3017309A (en) * 1957-02-21 1962-01-16 Eastman Kodak Co Method for the manufacture of filters composed of cellulose acetate
US3387992A (en) * 1962-08-14 1968-06-11 Celanese Corp Process and apparatus for distributing liquids
GB1103091A (en) * 1963-06-27 1968-02-14 Cigarette Components Ltd Improvements in or relating to tobacco smoke filters
US3318725A (en) * 1965-03-09 1967-05-09 Black Clawson Co Method of impregnation of porous materials, apparatus therefor, and product thereof

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1588617A (en) * 1923-09-01 1926-06-15 Rose Newton Augustus Waterproof object or article and process of producing the same
US1986319A (en) * 1929-11-08 1935-01-01 Bongrand Jean Etienne Charles Process of manufacture of threads of textile material
US3329544A (en) * 1961-05-11 1967-07-04 Cigarette Components Ltd Method of producing filter cores
US3253967A (en) * 1962-12-18 1966-05-31 Du Pont Process for producing foam cigarette filters
US3485208A (en) * 1963-12-30 1969-12-23 Cigarette Components Ltd Apparatus for injecting tobacco smoke modifying material into multiple length filter rods

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4439592A (en) * 1981-10-02 1984-03-27 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Preparation of polydiorganosiloxanes having terminal triorganosilyl groups
US4549875A (en) * 1983-06-02 1985-10-29 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co. Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
US4768526A (en) * 1983-06-02 1988-09-06 R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Tobacco smoke filters
AU585178B2 (en) * 1983-06-02 1989-06-08 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Manufacture of tobacco smoke filters
US4926889A (en) * 1986-12-10 1990-05-22 Brackett George E Apparatus for treating tobacco products
US5856006A (en) * 1994-09-19 1999-01-05 Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd. Tobacco filter material and a method for producing the same
US7691043B2 (en) 2002-03-29 2010-04-06 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Method and apparatus for making cigarette filters with a centrally located flavored element
US20050255978A1 (en) * 2002-03-29 2005-11-17 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Method and apparatus for making cigarette filters with a centrally located flavored element
US7074170B2 (en) 2002-03-29 2006-07-11 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Method and apparatus for making cigarette filters with a centrally located flavored element
US20030224918A1 (en) * 2002-03-29 2003-12-04 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Method and apparatus for making cigarette filters with a centrally located flavored element
US20100152008A1 (en) * 2002-03-29 2010-06-17 Lanier Jr Robert C Method and apparatus for making cigarette filters with a centrally located flavored element
US8579776B2 (en) 2002-03-29 2013-11-12 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Method and apparatus for making cigarette filters with a centrally located flavored element
US20060052226A1 (en) * 2002-09-11 2006-03-09 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Injection of a medium into a filter segment
US20090260643A1 (en) * 2008-04-18 2009-10-22 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Filter making apparatus
US8408215B2 (en) * 2008-04-18 2013-04-02 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Filter making apparatus
US20090293894A1 (en) * 2008-06-02 2009-12-03 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Smoking article with transparent section
US8393334B2 (en) 2008-06-02 2013-03-12 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Smoking article with transparent section
CN112859652A (zh) * 2021-01-20 2021-05-28 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 室内抽烟监控方法及监控装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH543246A (fr) 1973-10-31
FI50825C (fi) 1976-08-10
NL7113502A (fr) 1972-04-11
FI50825B (fr) 1976-04-30
CA940000A (en) 1974-01-15
DE2149433A1 (de) 1972-05-25
DK126824B (da) 1973-08-27
BE773621A (fr) 1972-01-31
US3853039A (en) 1974-12-10
DK127947B (da) 1974-02-11

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