Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
  • D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
  • D06P1/67333—Salts or hydroxides
  • D06P1/6735—Salts or hydroxides of alkaline or alkaline-earth metals with anions different from those provided for in D06P1/67341
  • D06P1/67366—Phosphates or polyphosphates
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
  • D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
  • D06P1/642—Compounds containing nitrogen
  • D06P1/6422—Compounds containing nitro or nitroso groups
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
  • D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
  • D06P1/67333—Salts or hydroxides
  • D06P1/6735—Salts or hydroxides of alkaline or alkaline-earth metals with anions different from those provided for in D06P1/67341
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
  • D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
  • D06P1/67333—Salts or hydroxides
  • D06P1/6735—Salts or hydroxides of alkaline or alkaline-earth metals with anions different from those provided for in D06P1/67341
  • D06P1/67375—Salts or hydroxides of alkaline or alkaline-earth metals with anions different from those provided for in D06P1/67341 with sulfur-containing anions
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
  • D06P1/96—Dyeing characterised by a short bath ratio
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
  • D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
  • D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
  • D06P3/24—Polyamides; Polyurethanes
  • D06P3/241—Polyamides; Polyurethanes using acid dyes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
  • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
  • D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
  • D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
  • D06P3/24—Polyamides; Polyurethanes
  • D06P3/26—Polyamides; Polyurethanes using dispersed dyestuffs
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
  • Y10S8/92—Synthetic fiber dyeing
  • Y10S8/924—Polyamide fiber

Definitions

• ABSTRACT A process for dip dyeing aromatic polyamide fibers or fabrics with acid dyes with good dyeability and levelling properties, without modifying measures which may cause deterioration of the desirable properties of the aromatic polyamides, which comprises dip dyeing fibers or fabrics of an unmodified aromatic polyamide in a dye bath comprising an acid dye of the monosulfonic acid, monosulfonic acid-carboxylic acid, disulfonic acid, disulfonic acid-carboxylic acid, or carboxylic acid and at least 1 percent by weight (based on the weight of the solution) of a neutral or acidic inorganic salt, in the presence of a swelling agent having a phenolic hydroxyl group, and alkali metal salts thereof; and soaping the dyeing obtained.
• This invention relates to a process for dyeing fibers or fabrics of unmodified aromatic polyamides which are very difficult to dye with acid dyes. More specifically, the invention relates to a process for dip dyeing aromatic polyamide fibers or fabrics with acid dyes with good dyeability and levelling properties, without taking any modifying measures which may cause deterioration of the desirable properties of the aromatic polyamides.
• a process for dyeingfibers or fabrics of aromatic polyamides having an aromatic ring in the recurring units with acid dyes which comprises dip dyeing fibers or fabrics of an unmodified aromatic polyamide in which the recurring unit of the molecular chain is expressed by a recurring unit selected from the group consisting of:
• Ar and Ar may be the same or different, and represent an aromatic ring, preferably phenyl or naphthyl, and R and R2 may be the same or different and represent a lower alkyl group, preferably having 1 or 4 carbon atoms, and
• a dye bath comprising an acid dye of the monosulfonic acid, monosulfonic acid-carboxylic acid, disulfonic acid, disulfonic acid-carboxylic acid, or carboxylic acid type expressed by the formu a (A )P wherein D represents a dye molecule matrix, A repre sents -SO or COO-- residue, M represents l1ydrogen or an alkali metal, and p is an integer of l to 3, with the proviso that when A is only SO;,- and when A contains both SO and -COO-, the maximum number of --SO;,M is 2, and at least 1 percent by weight (based on the weight of the solution) of a neutral or acidic inorganic salt, preferably alkali metal salts or ammonium salts of inorganic acids, especially alkali m'etal salts or ammonium salts of mineral acids in the presence of a swelling agent selected
• linear polyamides such as nylon 6, nylon 66, nylon 610, or nylon 1 1 can be dyed with acid dyes with practical dyeability.
• aromatic polyamides having an aromatic ring in the recurring units have better flameproofing properties, tenacity, elastic properties, and dimensional stability than the above-mentioned polyamides ordinarily used, but have higher hydrophobic properties and crystallinity. Therefore, dyeings having practical value cannot be obtained from such aromatic polyamides by dip dyeing with acid dyes in accordance with the procedure used for ordinary polyamides. They are either not dyed at all, or dyed only in very light colors.
• the dyeing effect of the present invention cannot be produced even if the aromatic polyamides are dyed with acid dyes using benzaldehyde instead of the compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group as used in the process of the present invention. Furthermore, in this dyeing method, the dispersibility of benzaldehyde in the dye bath is poor, and it must be used in the form of an emulsion which is troublesome and difficult to control; frequently, the level dyeing properties are poor, and practical dyeings cannot be obtained.
• fibers or fabrics composed r of unmodified aromatic polyamides can be dyed with good results by a dye bath comprising the acid dye and at least 1 percent by weight of the neutral or acidic inorganic salt utilizing the compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group expressed by the above given formula and its alkali metal salts.
• an object of the present invention is to provide a process for dyeing fibers or fabrics composed of unmodified aromatic polyamides with good dyeability using an acid dye without adversely affecting the desirable properties of the polyamides.
• fibers is meant to include all forms of fibers such as filaments, tows, yarns, or staples, and the term fabrics" includes woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, felts, and nonwoven fabrics.
• a coated or permeated bayer of the swelling agent is formed on the surface or surface layer of the difficultly-dyeable aromatic polyamide fibers or fabrics, and the solubility of the acid dye having a certain range of water solubility in water is reduced by the copresence of the neutral or acidic inorganic salt, and the solubility of the swelling agent in water is reduced for the same reason.
• the dye molecules move into the coating or permeated layer of the swelling agent to increase the concentration of the dye at that portion, which in turn permits easy intrusion of the dye molecules by the swelling of the aromatic polyamide fibers or fabrics, and consequently, the aromatic polyamide fibers or fabrics are dyed with markedly improved dyeability.
• the material to be dyed by the process of the present invention is fibers or fabrics of an aromatic polyamide in which the recurring unit (i) to (v) constitutes the main chain of the polyamide.
• fibers or fabrics of aromatic polyamides having recurring units composed of (i), (ii) or a combination of these can be dyed with excellent dyeability.
• polyamide having the recurring unit (i) above examples include the aromatic polyamides disclosed in British Patent 901,159.
• polyamides having the recurring unit (ii) are disclosed, for instance, in U. S. Pat. Nos. 3,063,966 and 3,006,899.
• polyamide having the recurring unit (iii) homopolymers of p-aminoalkylbenzoic acids produced by the same method as British Patent 901,159 are typical examples.
• the polyamides having the recurring unit (iv) can be produced, for example, by the method disclosed in U. S. Pat. No. 3,232,910, and include, for example, aromatic polyamides derived from por mxylylenediamine and isoor tere-phthalic acid.
• polyamides having the recurring unit shown in (v) above can be produced by optional combinations of the polyamide-forming components above mentioned.
• the swelling agent used in the present invention is selected from compounds having a phenolic hydroxyl group expressed by the following formula HO Ar R wherein Ar is a phenyl or naphthyl group, R is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl groups, preferably those having I to 4 carbon atoms, especially a methyl group, halogen, a nitro group, alkoxy groups, preferably those having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, especially a methoxy group, and a phenyl group, and when Ar is a naphthyl group, R is hydrogen or a lower alkyl group, preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, especially a methyl group; and alkali metal salts thereof.
• Ar is a phenyl or naphthyl group
• R is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl groups, preferably those having I to 4 carbon atoms, especially a methyl group, halogen, a
• Such swelling agent include phenol, alphanaphthol, beta-naphthol, o-, m-, and pcresols, o-phenylphenol, p-phenyl-phenol, nitrophenol, chlorophenol, 4-methoxyphenol.
• the p-phenyl phenol gives most favorable results.
• the acid dye that is used in the present invention is selected from acid dyes of the monosulfonic acid, monosulfonic acid-carboxylic acid, disulfonic acid, disulfonic acid-carboxylic acid, or carboxylic acid type expressed by the following formula wherein D represents a dye molecule matrix, A represents SO or COO residue, M represents hydrogen or an alkali metal, and p is an integer of 1 to 3, with the proviso that when A is only SO;, and when A contains both SO and COO, the maximum number of SO M is 2. Acid dyes of the monosulfonic acid and monosulfonic acid-carboxylic acid types are especially preferred. When p is 2 or 3, those dyes in which the structure of the dye molecule matrix D is large, for instance, those having at least 4 benzene rings, and which have low solubility in water are preferred.
• acid dyes that are used in the present invention are the following:
• alkali metal salts of inorganic acids, or ammonium salts thereof are preferred, and especially preferred are the alkali metal saltsor ammonium salts of mineral acids.
• salts include potassium chloride, sodium chloride, ammonium chloride, potassiumbromide, sodium bromide, ammonium bromide, potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, potassium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate,
• potassium pyrosulfate sodium pyrosulfate, ammonium pyrosulfate, potassium phosphate, sodium phosphate, ammonium phosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, so-
• potassium sulfate, sodium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, potassium phosphate, sodium phosphate, ammonium phosphate, potassium pyrophosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, and ammonium pyrophosphate are preferred, and next come potassium nitrate, sodium nitrate, and ammonium nitrate. Ammonium sulfate gives especially good results. These salts are used either alone or in admixture.
• the dye bath used in the present invention may contain various dyeing assistants conventionally utilized in dip dyeing with acid dyes, such as ultraviolet absorbants, pH adjusting agents, or surface active agents.
• ultraviolet absorbants are 4,4- dimethoxy-2,2-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, and 2-(2-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl)benzotriazole.
• pH adjusting agents are sulfuric acid, formic acid, or succinic acid.
• anionic surfactants can be cited and nonionic surfactants.
• the pretreatment of aromatic polyamide fibers or fabrics with the swelling agent may conveniently be carried out by immersing the fibers or fabrics in a solution, dispersion or emulsion containing the swelling agent or padding them with such solution, dispersion or emulsion, thereby bringing the fibers or fabrics into intimate contact with the swelling agent, preferably under heating, and thereby coating or permeating the swelling agent on or into at least the surface or surface layer of the fibers or fabrics.
• the fibers or fabrics may be contacted with a vapor of such swelling agent.
• the swelling agent is a normally liquid compound, or a solid compound having a low melting point, the fibers or fabrics may be contacted with the liquid or a molten liquid of the swelling agent.
• the swelling agent in the form of solution, dispersion or emulsion, not only water, but a solvent for the swelling agent can be used. Solvents or semi-solvents which dissolve or swell the aromatic polyamides can also be utilized.
• mordanting metal ions such as chromium, nickel,cobalt, and aluminum ions can be conjointly used at the time of the pretreatment.
• organic or inorganic acids in amounts sufficient to at least neutralize the alkali salts are added to the dye bath in advance.
• specific examples of such acids are those mentioned with respect to the pH adjusting agents.
• the pretreatment can also be carried out in the copresence of the compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group and an alkali metal hydroxide or a salt of an alkali metal with a weak acid.
• an acid in an amount at least sufficient to neutralize the alkali salt of the compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group picked up by the fibers or fabrics as a result of the pretreatment should be added to the dye bath in advance.
• a small amount of a water-miscible organic solvent, such as alcohols or acetone, or an anionic surface active agent may be added to a solution of the swelling agent to be used for the pre-treatment.
• the pre-treatment is conveniently performed by heating while the aromatic polyamide fibers or fabrics are brought into intimate contact with the swelling agent, and frequently, temperatures from 60C. to 160C, preferably from C. to C, are employed to this end.
• the pre-treatment is omitted in the process of the invention and the swelling agent is incorporated into the dye bath in advance, it is not necessary to preheat the fibers or fabrics to be dyed, but they may simply be dyed at the dyeing temperature.
• the amount of the swelling agent can be optionally changed according to the type of swelling agent, the type of aromatic polyamide to be dyed, the type of acid dye used, or the shape of the fibers or fabrics. Generally, however, the preferred amount is 0.5 to 50 percent based on the weight of the fibers (o.w.f.), especially 4 to 40 percent o.w.f., more especially 5 to 30 percent o.w.f. At this time, the amount of the neutral or acidic inorganic salt is l to 40 percent o.w.s. (based on the weight of the solution), especially 3 to 30 percent o.w.s., and more especially 3 to 20 percent o.w.s.
• the dyeing operation is not especially restrictive, and those operations which are used for conventional dip dyeing can be utilized. Since dyeings of deep color cannot be obtained when the amount of the neutral or acidic inorganic salt in the bath is not more than 1 percent by weight, the amount of this salt should be 1 percent by weight or more.
• the dyeing temperature is 80C. to 200C, preferably about 100C. to C.
• the goods-to-liquor ratio is important for dyeability.
• the preferred goods-to-liquor ratio is 1:5 to 1:100, more preferably 1:5 to 1:50.
• the resulting dyeing is soaped by a customary method.
• the soaping is carried out with surface active agents, or alkalies.
• the soaping with alkalies is especially recommended. It is of course possible to soap the dyeing both with the surface active agent and alkalies.
• the compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group forms an alkali metal salt of phenol in an aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide or an alkali metal weak acid salt, and thus, its affinity for the fibers is remarkably reduced, and on the other hand, its solubility in water is very much increased. Consequently, the compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group present in the dyeing can be readily removed, and the absorbed dye is hardly liberated. This is desirable for obtaining dyed aromatic polyamide fibers having excellent fiame-proofing properties and thermal stability.
• alkaline compounds include hydroxides, carbonates, bicarbonates, borates, silicates, or acetates of alkali metals, for example, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate, lithium acetate, sodium borate, potassium borate, sodium silicate, and potassium silicate.
• the amount of alkaline compound is, for example, 0.5 to 10 percent by weight (o.w.s.), and it is used as an aqueous solution.
• the soaping is carried out by immersing the'dyeing in an aqueous solution containing the alkaline compound at a temperature from 60C. to the boiling point, for 10 to 30 minutes.
• the soaping of the dyeing can also be performed by utilizing a solvent (including a water-containing solvent) for the dye or compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group.
• solvent include aliphatic lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, or propanol, aliphatic ketones such as acetone or methyl ethyl ketone, halogenated hydrocarbons such as tri-' chloroethylene or perchloroethylene, and aliphatic amides sch as dimethyl acetamide, or dimethyl formamide.
• L value the lightness of the dyeing which has been measured using a color differential meter. This value differs according to the dye used. When the same dye is used, larger L values show lighter dyeings, and smaller values, deeper dyeings.
• the fabric obtained was scoured for 30. minutes at 80C. in an aqueous solution containing 2 g/liter of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, and then pre-set at 10, 220C. for 30 seconds, followed by dyeing under the following dyeing conditions Dyeing conditions C.I. II0 4% o.w.f. Swelling agent p-phenylphenol 7.5% o.w.f. Inorganic salt ammonium sulfate I50 g/Iiter pH adjusting agent acetic acid 20 g/liter Goods-to-liquor ratio lzlS Temperature 130C.
• Aromatic polyamide Nylon 6 NaOzS (Comp. Example 9) (Control 1) Below Class 1. lass 5.
• Example 3 The same fabric as used in Example 1 was dyed under the following conditions using the swelling agent and [Dyeing under the conditions (a)] inorganic salt shown In Tables 3 and 3 below. The re Run Nos. Swelling agent Dycabmty sults are given in Tables 3 and 3 Value).
• Example 6 beta-naphthol 26.2
• Example 7 alpha-naphthol 27.l
• Example 8 p-phenylphenol 30.3
• Example 9 m-cresol 36.4 (a)
• Example 10 v o-phenylphenol 37.5 Dye or 14680 C.l. l55l0 Comparative Ex.
• EXAMPLE 19 In accordance with the method of producing a regular copolyamide which is disclosed in Example 5 of U. S. Pat. No. 3,232,910, N,N'-metaphenylene bis- (metaaminobenzamide) was polycondensed with isophthaloyl chloride to form an aromatic polyamide having an inherent viscosity of 1.2.
• a staple fabric was prepared from the aromatic polyamide in the same way as set forth in Example 1.
• the woven fabric was scoured and pre-set in the same way as set forth in Example and then dyed under the following conditions.
• the woven fabric was immersed in a homogeneous aqueous solution prepared by adding 25 parts of the sodium salt of para-phenyl phenol to 75 parts of water, and heating the mixture to 85C. Without cooling, the immersed fabric was uniformly squeezed by a mangle (pick up 80 percent), and then put into a dye bath (goods-to-liquor ratio 1:10) containing 5 percent o.w.f. of dye CI. 18835, 75 g/liter of ammonium sulfate, and g/liter of formic acid. The dyeing was performed at 130C. for 2 hours.
• the resulting dyeing was washed for 20 minutes at 70C. with an aqueous solution (goods-to-liquor ratio a 1:50) containing 2 g/liter of sodium hydroxide, and
• the fabric washed thoroughly with warm water. The alkali remaining on the fabric was neutralized with water containing a small amount of acetic acid, and then the fabric was dried. The dyeing exhibited a brilliant deep yellow, and had an L value of 70.3. It had a light fastness of class 3. In the flame-proofing test, the maximum flame diameter was 4.5 cm, showing satisfactory results. The fabric also had excellent fastness characteristics such as fastness to washing (class 4), fastness to drycleaning (class 5), and fastness to dry and wet rubbing (class 5).
• EXAMPLE 20 Poly (m-benzamide) having an inherent viscosity of 1.3 prepared in accordance with the method disclosed in British Patent 901,159 was dry spun from its dimethyl acetamide solution containing lithium chloride, and a fabric was woven from the resulting multifilament tow in the same way as set forth in Example 1. The fabric was immersed in a solution of 10 parts of beta-naphthol in 9 parts of ethanol at 50C. Without cooling, the immersed fabric was squeezed uniformly to a pick up of 80 percent, dried, and dyed in a dye bath (goods-to-liquor ratio 1:6) containing 4 percent o.w.f. of CI.
• a dye bath goods-to-liquor ratio 1:6
• the dyed fabric was washed twice with an aqueous solution of 20 g/liter of sodium carbonate (goods-to-solution ratio 1:30) at C. for 20 minutes, then washed thoroughly with water, and air dried to give a brilliant deep orange dyeing having an L value of 43.0.
• the dyed fabric had fastness to light (class 3), washing (class 4), drycleaning (class 5), and dry and wet rubbing (class 4).
• Staple fibers were obtained in the same way as set forth in Example 1 from polymetaphenylene isophthalamide having an inherent viscosity of 1.8 obtained by the polymerization of m-phenylene diamine and isophthaloyl chloride, and made into a knitted fabric (200 g/m The knitted fabric was scoured under the same conditions as set forth in Example 1. The fabric was then pre-treated with the swelling agent, washed with water, and then dyed under the following dyeing conditions.
• the dyed fabric was washed thoroughly with water, and treated with an aqueous solution containing ethanol (goodsdo-solution ratio 1 30) at C. for 20 minutes to thereby remove the swelling agent remaining in the fabric, followed by washing with water and air drying.
• the resulting dyed fabric had deep color with an L value 18.6.
• the dyeing had fastness to light (class 3), washing (class 4), drycleaning (class 5), and dry and wet rubbing (class 5).
• EXAMPLE 22 Monofilaments (30 count) composed of polymetaphenylene isophthalamide obtained in the same way as set forth in Example 1 were steamed at C. to set the twist, and scoured in the form of skein in the same way as set forth in Example 1.
• the skein was packed into a carrier of a cheese dyeing machine with a packing density of 0.28 g/cm, and at 90C. 5% o.w.f. of dye (CI. 15510), 25 percent o.w.f. of ophenyl phenol, 50 g/l. of ammonium sulfate, and 10 g/l. of acetic acid were put into the machine in this order (goods-to-liquor ratio 1 15).
• the temperature was raised at a rate of 10C. per 5 minutes, and the dyeing was performed at C. for 90 minutes (in-out only). After the dyeing operation, the liquor was discharged at 90C., and the yarn was thoroughly washed with warm water.
• the swelling agent remaining in the yarn was removed by treatment with an aqueous solution containing 2 g/l. of polyoxyethylene (20 mols) stearylamine and 5 g/l. of sodium carbonate (goods-tosolution ratio 1 15) at 90C. for 30 minutes.
• the dyed yarn was washed with warm water, and then dried. There was no difference in the dyeing density between the inner and outer layers of the yarn, and uniform dyeing could be effected.
• a process for dyeing fibers or fabrics of an aromatic polyamide having an aromatic ring in the recurring units with acid dyes which comprises dip dyeing said fibers or fabrics of an unmodified aromatic polyamide in which the recurring unit of the molecular chain is expressed by a recurring unit selected from the group consisting of:
• Ar and Ar may be the same or different, and represent an aromatic ring, and R and R may be the same or different and represent a lower alkyl group, and
• v. combinations of two or more of units (i) to (iv), in an aqueous dye bath comprising an acid dye of the monosulfonic acid, monosulfonic acid-carboxylic acid, disulfonic acid, disulfonic acid-carboxylic acid, or carboxylic acid type expressed by the formula D-(-AM) wherein D represents a dye molecule matrix, A represents SO or COO- residue, M represents hydrogen or an alkali metal, and p is an integer of l to 3, with the proviso that A is only SO and when A contains both SO and COO, the maximum number of SO M is 2, and at least 1 percent by weight, based on the weight of the dye bath, of a neutral or acidic inorganic salt, in the presence of a swelling agent selected from compounds having a phenolic hydroxyl group expressed by the following formula HO-Ar -R wherein Ar is a phenyl or naphthyl group, R is a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower al
• said phenolic hydroxyl-containing compound or alkali metal salt thereof is selected from the group consisting of phenol, alpha-naphthol, beta-naphthol, cresol, o-phenyl phenol, p-phenyl phenol, nitrophenol, chlorophenol, and 4-methoxyphenol.
• a process for dyeing fibers or fabrics of an aromatic polyamide having an aromatic ring in the recurring units with acid dyes which comprises dip dyeing said fibers or fabrics of an unmodified aromatic polyamide in which the recurring unit of the molecular chain is expressed by a recurring unit selected from the group consisting of:
• Ar, and Ar may be the same or different, and represent phenyl or naphthyl, and R, and R may be the same of different and represent an alkyl group of l 4 carbon atoms, and
• a swelling agent selected from compounds having a phenolic hydroxyl group expressed by the following formula HO-A
• a swelling agent selected from compounds having a phenolic hydroxyl group expressed by the following formula HO-A
• said neutral or acidic inorganic salt is an alkali metal salt or ammonium salt of an inorganic acid.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Coloring (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=27465349

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Cited By (8)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (1)

• 1971
  • 1971-08-13 CA CA120,559A patent/CA959608A/en not_active Expired
  • 1971-08-13 US US00171771A patent/US3779705A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1971-08-13 DE DE2140727A patent/DE2140727B2/de active Granted
  • 1971-08-13 FR FR7129771A patent/FR2102278B1/fr not_active Expired

Patent Citations (5)

Also Published As

Similar Documents