US3779064A - Process and apparatus for calibrating and surfacing tubes - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for calibrating and surfacing tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
US3779064A
US3779064A US00193632A US3779064DA US3779064A US 3779064 A US3779064 A US 3779064A US 00193632 A US00193632 A US 00193632A US 3779064D A US3779064D A US 3779064DA US 3779064 A US3779064 A US 3779064A
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United States
Prior art keywords
tube
working surface
tool
contact
rod
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00193632A
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English (en)
Inventor
L Besson
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OLDIPART SA
Chabas and Besson SA
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Chabas and Besson SA
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Assigned to ANCIENS ETABLISSEMENTS CHABAS & BESSON reassignment ANCIENS ETABLISSEMENTS CHABAS & BESSON RE-RECORD TO CORRECT NAME OF ASSIGNEE IN INSTRUMENT RECORDED OCT. 29,1971 REEL 2783 FRAME 019 Assignors: BESSON LOUIS P.A.
Assigned to OLDIPART S.A., reassignment OLDIPART S.A., CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). EFFECTIVE DATE 3-16-81 Assignors: ANCIENS ETABLISSEMENTS CHABAS & BESSON
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/30—Finishing tubes, e.g. sizing, burnishing

Definitions

  • the present invention has as one of its objects the provisionof a process and apparatus making it possible l cold -conditions intheconventional manner, in which case calibrating of the tube can be done very rapidly and at low cost.
  • the present invention has as another object a new processand apparatus for the internal and/or external surfacing of tubes, havingas their transverse cross sections any closed ring, and for calibrating the inside and- /or outside of said tubes, aprocess and apparatus essentiallycharacterized bythe' use of a tool or mandrel of whichat least part of the external surface is harder than the metalof thetube onwhich the work is to bedone and is defined byjthedisplacementof a meridian curve fdrmedon a closed directrix approximately identical witltthe' edge corresponding to the surface of the transverse cross sectionof the tube, the profileof the tool alongya meridiancurve which generates its external surface being suchth at, passinggfrom a plane through the first end of the tool, which corresponds to the first point of contact of thetool with the tube, to a second plane through said tool, which corresponds to the point where contact of the tool with the tube ends, it varies in a continuous manner over the distance tothe axis of the tubeg increasing
  • BRIEFSUMMARY or THE" INVENTION A process and-apparatus for surfacing the interior and/or exterior of a tube and for calibrating the interior or exterior of said tube by the alternate steps of (a) forcing said tube axiallythrough adie having a curved surfaceadapted to contact theexterior surface of said tube to reduce its diameter; and (b) forcing. a tool through the interior of said tube-to increase its diameter.
  • the angle formed with the axis by the plane which is tangent to the external surface of the tool, at the point where said tool comes into contact with the tube to be greater than the angle formed with the axis by the plane tangent to the profile of the tool at the point where the contact between the tool and the tube ends in the courseof the work.
  • the execution of the process according to the present invention makes it possible to obtain a cold reshaping of the metal in the zone of the layers which have been worked by the tool, said cold reshaping making it possible to obtain an increase in the hardness near the. surface which has come in contact with the tool.
  • the increase in local hardness rangesbetween percent and 30 percent, approximately.
  • a tool the external surface of which is not limited by a toric surface the right section of which is not circular but elliptical or oval, it being understood that it is advantageous for the attacking angle of the tool on the tube, i.e., for the angle formed with the axis by the plane which is tangent to the profile of the tool, always to be greater than the angle of escape, i.e., the angle formed with the axis by the plane which is tangent to the profile of the tool at the point where the contact of the tool with the tube ends.
  • the tube on which work has to be done internally has a suitable surface condition it is also possible to apply the process according to the present invention by means of a tool in the shape of a truncated cone in which the attacking angle is equal to the escape angle. In that case,
  • the process of the present invention also includes the combination of a preliminary running of the tube through a drawplate with reshaping and of a running of the tool through the tube, as defined above. It has been observed that for the steel tubes, good results were obtained by adopting, for the neck of the drawplate, a profile formed by the arc of a circle the radiusof which ranges between 25 and 35 millimeters.
  • the present invention also has as its object a new industrial machine for the calibration and surfacing of tubes, essentially characterized by a fixed frame, a movable rod on which can be fixed a tool or mandrel such as defined in the process according to the invention, and finally means for holding the tube on which the work has to be done, with respect to the frame, and means insuring the displacement of the tool with respect to said tube.
  • the tool is fastened by screws at the end of a rod solidly connected to a movable piston of a hydraulic jack.
  • the rod has an external diameter slightly less than the internal diameter of the raw tube on which the work is to be done.
  • the frame carries, facing the movable piston of the jack, a drawplate.
  • the drawplate is disposed by cone-shaped adjustment in a drawplate support with respect to which it is movable.
  • the frame has jaws for the support of the tube against which the tube to be worked can be pushed when the tool enters the tube, said jaws being capable of being retracted.
  • the drawplate and the lug jaws for the tube are placed in a manner such that the tube will cooperate successively in opposite directions with them when displaced by the movable jack piston.
  • the present invention also has as an object a new industrial product constituted by a bench for drawing under cold conditions a tube made of steel, for example, said bench having as one component, a drawplate disposed at right angles to a cylindrical bullet and, for the other component, traction means which insure the passage of the metal to be drawn through the drawplate around the aforementioned bullet, essentially characterized by the fact that the bullet has, in a forward cylindrical zone with respect to the direction of the drawing, a tool or mandrel which is connected with it, and which corresponds to the definition given above in the description of the process according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 represents, in elevated section, the detail of the drawplate of the machine in FIG. 1, and the retractable. jaws of FIGS. 3 and 4;
  • FIGS. 6 to 12, 12 and 13 represent, in a schematic manner, the various phases of a calibrating and surfacingoperation of the inside of a tube, executed by means of the machine in FIG 1;
  • FIG. 11 represents, partly in section, the mandrel used forcalibrating the tube
  • FIG. l4 represents, in a schematic manner, a bench for the drawingof tubes under cold conditions, of the conventional type.
  • FIG. 15 represents, schematically, a bench for drawingjtubes under cold conditions according to the presentinvention.
  • the embodiments illustrated comprise twomembers la and 1b connected by four rigid rods 2-which form a parallelelepipede the base of which is square.
  • Said frame carries a double acting hydraulic jack 3, the movable piston of which is represented by 4, and the axis of which is disposed approximately in the direction of the axis of theparallelepipede with a square base defined by rods
  • the hydraulic jack 3 is fed by a motor-pump means 5.
  • the operation of the jack is effected by means of a distributor 7 which the user operates by means of a handle 8.
  • Two ducts 9,9 connect the distributor 7 and the motor-pump means
  • Sand two ducts l connect the distributor 8 and each one of the two ends of the hydraulic jack 3.
  • the movable piston 4 of jack 3 is fixed to a rod 11, the diameter of which is slightly less than the diameter of the tube, the inside of which it is desired to calibrate and to surface by means of the machine according to the present invention. Facing the end of rod 11, which is disposed according to the axis of jack 3, is an opening 12 in member 1a. Between, member la and rod 11, on supporting small plate 13 disposed transversely of the machine is a drawplate support 14 having a cylindrical element at the center in which is a cone-shaped cavity. In the cone-shaped cavity of support 14 is a drawplate 15, the external shape of which is a cone and the summit angle of which corresponds to the conicity of the central cone-shaped cavity of the drawplate support 14.
  • Drawplate 15 is a revolving part the internal surface of which has a neck 16 (see FIG. which separates a converging zone 17a and a diverging zone 17b. Neck 16 isdesigned so that in axial section it approximately corresponds to the arc of a circle the radius of which is 30 millimeters. Drawplate is removable with respect to said drawplate support 14, and the drawplate support 14 can roll over the small plate 13 which carries it. g
  • jaws 18,18 On the side of member 1a where there is no drawplate support 14 are placed two jaws 18,18, each one movable around a shaft 19. Shaft 19 is disposed below the axis of rod 11. Jaws 18,18 when in closed position define between them a cylindrical cavity. They each contain intermediately a groove 20 in which is a bronze segment'ZL-When the jaws 18,18 are in the closed position, the two bronze segments 21 are supported on rod 1 1', when the latter is forward enough to be at a right angle with jaws 18,18.
  • rod 11 When it is desired to calibrate cold drawn tubes 22 having an internal diameter of 49.9 millimeters and an external diameter of 63.0 millimeters, rod 11 has a di ameter of 48.5 millimeters.
  • tube 22 on which work has to be done is made of semihard steel, having a resistance of 55 kilograms per square millimeter.
  • the diameter of neck 16 of the drawplate 15 is 62.3 millimeters.
  • a jack having a run of 1.40 meter, with an advancing motion of l centimeter per second in the direction which makes it possible to go from member 1b to member 1a, and have a return motion, at a speed of 2 centimeters per second, approximately.
  • the distance between the two members It: and 1b is 1.50 meter, approximately.
  • tube 22 comes into contact with drawplate 15 and is pushed by jack 3 through said drawplate with a force of 8,600 kilograms, so that its external diameter, which has 63 millimeters, becomes approximately equal to the diameter of the neck of the drawplate, i.e., 62.4 millimeters.
  • the particles of rust or of calamine, or the other contaminants which may be inside the tube become separated from the internal surface, which has a diameter of 49.0 millimeters, approximately.
  • the radius preferred for said halfcircle is 4 millimeters.
  • the maximum external diameter of the toric ring is 49.81 millimeters'There is then executed by means of handle 8 a reversing of the run of jack 3, causing a return to the rear of piston 4.
  • tool 25 which has been generously lubricated, comes to apply on the fore end of tube 22 (on the left side in the figure), and pushes that tube back until its rear end comes in contact with the fore face of jaws 18.
  • the tube is stopped and when piston 4 continues its return run, tool 25 enters inside the tube 22, deforming said tube and causing an increase in its diameter. Said penetration of the tool into the tube requires a force of 11,400 kilograms for the dimensions indicated. This phase of the operation is represented in FIG. 12.
  • the second tool has a maximum external diameter of 50.] millimeters.
  • the radius of the semi-circle which forms the edge of the toric ring which constitutes the mandrel is millimeters for, in the case of this second run, the radius under'consideration is not necessarily between 3 and 6 millimeters, and may be greater, since this is a finishing operation.
  • a process of surfacing the interior and/or exterior of a tube and of calibrating the interior or exterior of said tube comprising the alternate steps of: (a) forcing said tube axially through a die adapted to contact the exterior surface of said tube to reduce its diameter, and (b) forcing a tool through the interior of said tube to increase its diameter.
  • step (a) and step (b) are carried out in opposite directions.
  • a calibrating and surfacing machine for tubes comprising:
  • c. means forming a die disposed adjacent said opening of (b) and having a working surface adapted to engage the outer surface of a tube delivered axially in contact with said working surface and through said opening of (b),
  • retractable jaws mounted on the outerside of the end member of (b) and adapted to provide a support against which said tube can be pushed during the internal working of said tube by a tool fastened to the end of said rod after said tube carried on said rod has been worked externally and passed through said opening of (b) and while said rod is being pulled in the opposite direction.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 11 wherein said die is a drawplate having a working surface profile formed by an arc of a circle the radius of which ranges between 25 and 35 millimeters.
  • an apparatus for the cold drawing of tubes having a drawplate at a right angle to the tube and a cylindrical bullet within the tube together with means for moving said tube axially through said drawplate around said bullet
  • the improvement which comprises forming said bullet with a tool fixed thereon in the direction of drawing, said tool having a workingsurface which is limited for part of its external surface at least by a surface of revolution such that the angle which is formed, with the axis of the tube by a straight line which joins the point of coming-in-contact of the working surface with the tube to the corresponding point at the end of the contact of said working surface with the tube, approximately ranges between 12 and 20.
  • a process of surfacing the interior of a tube and of calibrating the interior of said tube which comprises contacting the interior surface of the tube with a tool having a working surface which is limited for part of its external surface at least by a surface of revolution such that the angle which is formed, with the axis of the tube by a straight line which joins the point of coming-incontact of the working surface with the tube to the corresponding point at the end of the contact of said working surface with the tube, approximately ranges between 12 and 20.
  • a calibrating and surfacing machine for tubes having a fixed frame, means for holding a tube on said frame, an internal mandrel for said tube mounted from said frame for movement internally with respect to said.
  • a calibrating and surfacing machine for tubes as UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION PATENT N0. 3,779 ,064

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
US00193632A 1970-11-06 1971-10-29 Process and apparatus for calibrating and surfacing tubes Expired - Lifetime US3779064A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7039913A FR2112126B1 (de) 1970-11-06 1970-11-06

Publications (1)

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US3779064A true US3779064A (en) 1973-12-18

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US00193632A Expired - Lifetime US3779064A (en) 1970-11-06 1971-10-29 Process and apparatus for calibrating and surfacing tubes

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3779064A (de)
JP (1) JPS5546241B1 (de)
BE (1) BE774752A (de)
DE (2) DE2166438A1 (de)
ES (1) ES396694A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2112126B1 (de)
GB (1) GB1345802A (de)
IT (1) IT942791B (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4063439A (en) * 1970-11-06 1977-12-20 Chabas & Besson S.A. Apparatus for calibrating and surfacing tubes
US4724993A (en) * 1985-11-08 1988-02-16 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Longitudinal seam welding apparatus for use in seam welding motor frame main body joint
US20080053183A1 (en) * 2006-08-30 2008-03-06 Alcoa Inc. Methods and systems for reducing tensile residual stresses in compressed tubing and metal tubing products produced from same
US9937545B1 (en) * 2017-05-16 2018-04-10 Kooima Company Mandrel support device for tube bending machine

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2758136C2 (de) * 1977-12-27 1984-09-13 Hunger, Walter, 8700 Würzburg Ziehbank zur Herstellung von Präzisionsstahlrohren ohne Anangelverlust
US4148207A (en) * 1978-02-21 1979-04-10 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Drawing technique

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT1914B (de) *
GB189817085A (en) * 1898-08-08 1898-12-10 Curt Maquet Process and Apparatus for Fixing Sheet Metal Rings on Metallic Tubes.
US3036696A (en) * 1959-02-24 1962-05-29 Reisholz Stahl & Roehrenwerk Method of producing seamless tubular articles

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT1914B (de) *
GB189817085A (en) * 1898-08-08 1898-12-10 Curt Maquet Process and Apparatus for Fixing Sheet Metal Rings on Metallic Tubes.
US3036696A (en) * 1959-02-24 1962-05-29 Reisholz Stahl & Roehrenwerk Method of producing seamless tubular articles

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4063439A (en) * 1970-11-06 1977-12-20 Chabas & Besson S.A. Apparatus for calibrating and surfacing tubes
US4724993A (en) * 1985-11-08 1988-02-16 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Longitudinal seam welding apparatus for use in seam welding motor frame main body joint
US20080053183A1 (en) * 2006-08-30 2008-03-06 Alcoa Inc. Methods and systems for reducing tensile residual stresses in compressed tubing and metal tubing products produced from same
US7895875B2 (en) * 2006-08-30 2011-03-01 Alcoa Inc. Methods and systems for reducing tensile residual stresses in compressed tubing and metal tubing products produced from same
US9937545B1 (en) * 2017-05-16 2018-04-10 Kooima Company Mandrel support device for tube bending machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1345802A (en) 1974-02-06
JPS5546241B1 (de) 1980-11-21
FR2112126B1 (de) 1974-02-01
FR2112126A1 (de) 1972-06-16
IT942791B (it) 1973-04-02
DE2153937A1 (de) 1972-07-13
DE2153937C3 (de) 1975-05-22
DE2153937B2 (de) 1974-10-10
BE774752A (fr) 1972-05-02
DE2166438A1 (de) 1974-01-31
ES396694A1 (es) 1974-12-16

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AS Assignment

Owner name: OLDIPART S.A.,

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:ANCIENS ETABLISSEMENTS CHABAS & BESSON;REEL/FRAME:003923/0328

Effective date: 19810317