US3778106A - Control mechanism for rock cutting equipment - Google Patents

Control mechanism for rock cutting equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
US3778106A
US3778106A US00275051A US3778106DA US3778106A US 3778106 A US3778106 A US 3778106A US 00275051 A US00275051 A US 00275051A US 3778106D A US3778106D A US 3778106DA US 3778106 A US3778106 A US 3778106A
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United States
Prior art keywords
rotor
signal
traverse
cutting equipment
controlling
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00275051A
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English (en)
Inventor
R Taylor
C Dimitriou
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Anglo Transvaal Consolidated Investment Co Ltd
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Anglo Transvaal Consolidated Investment Co Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/302—Measuring, signaling or indicating specially adapted for machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT This invention relates to the control of the speed of traverse of a rock cutting machine utilizing an operating head in the form of a rotor carrying swinging hammers.
  • the control is effected by comparing the position of the hammer relative to the rotor at a predetermined time after impact with the position at which the hammer would have been if it had struck at its optimum position relative to the rotor. Any difference in the positions compared is then used to control the speed of traverse of the machine to bring about an elimination of this difference and thus ensure that the hammers strike in their optimum positions.
  • a method of controlling the rate of traverseof rock cutting equipment including a support with a rotor carrying swinging hammers, which method comprises the generation of a signal ata predetermined angular position of a hammer relative to the rotor after an operational impact, applying the signal so generated to an indicating unit to determine the angular position of the rotor relative to the support at the moment of impact, comparing the position so determined with a predetermined relationship of the angular position of the rotor and utilising any difference from the predetermined relationship to vary the rate of traverse of the rotor across the rock face.
  • the invention also provides for the generated signal to be electrical or hydraulic.
  • the invention also provides means for controlling the traverse speed of rock cutting equipment including a rotor carrying swinging hammers and mounted on a support, said means comprising a sensor unit mounted on the rotor and adapted to generate a signal when a hammer is in a predetermined position relative to the rotor and after an operational impact, and an indicator unit adapted to receive the signal generated by the sensor and utilise this signal to determine the angular position of the rotor relative to the support at the moment of the operational impact and means for altering the traverse speed dependent on indications from the indicator unit.
  • control unit associated with the indicator unit and able to vary the speed of traverse of the rotor.
  • Still further features of this invention provide for the sensor unit to be electrical, magnetic or mechanical members, for the traverse rate control to be automatic and for the rate of traverse to be adjusted to the requirements of the hammer orhammers on the rotor which meet the greatest operational resistance.
  • the invention also provides for the sensor unit to include one or more of the following members, namely, magnetic switches, proximity switches, hydraulic pressure switches or contact micro-switches.
  • FIG. I is a cross-sectional side elevation of a rotor for a rock-cutting machine
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic side elevation of a rotor shown relative to the rock face and the body of the machine;
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram illustrating one type of circuit which may be used
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram illustrating a second type of circuit
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional side elevation of a rotor for a rock cutting machine, said rotor having alternate forms of controlling means.
  • the machine has a rotor with three hammers, two of said hammers (indicated by numeral 1) located in a swung-out position prior to an operational impact and the third hammer 2 in a swung back position after impact.
  • the rotor is designed to revolve in the direction of the arrow 3. In the position shown the rotor has revolved approximately 40 after the hammer 2 struck the rock face 4 at point 5. The impact took place when hammer 2 was in the position 6 indicated by dotted lines.
  • the hammer 2 has swung back and has struck the back stop or shock absorber 7 which has been compressed and has forced out a jet of water at 8.
  • the machine includes speed control mechanisms and three types of sensor units are indicated in FIG. 1. Any one or combination of these may be used in the control mechanism. These units are a. a reed switch 9 which will be switched on when the magnet at 10 approaches it and'thus will indicate when the hammer has swung back a certain distance;
  • a pressure switch in place of the microswitch at 11 and connected to the passage for the water jet 8 will also be switched on when the water pressure rises due to the back stop being struck by the hammer.
  • this delay is equal to about 40 or 1/9 of a revolution of the rotor which is equivalent to a certain period of time.
  • FIG. 2 the position of the rotor of FIG. 1 is shown relative to the rock face 4 and the main body of the machine 13.
  • the switch 9 or 11 In order to indicate the position of the blow of the hammer relative to the main body of the machine, it is necessary to relate the signal given by the switch 9 or 11 to the position of the rotor relative to the main body of the machine and to make an allowance for the time lag between the moment of impact and moment at which the signal is generated by the sensor unit. In this case, the lag is 40 of one revolution of the rotor. Two methods of achieving this will be described a.
  • the signals from the switches 9 or 11 can be taken from the rotor through a commutator to an indicating panel on the main body of the machine. To do this a number of brushes would be connected to the commutator at close intervals. These brushes would be connected to lighting circuits which would only light up when the particular brush was connected to the particular segment of the commutator and the switch 9 or 11 was closed.
  • a slip ring may be used which would take out the signal from the rotor but would pass it through one or more of a number of circuits incorporating reed switches. These reed switches would be switched on by magnets on the rotor or rotor driving mechanism.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the commutator with three segments 14. These are electrically connected to each other and to one end of the switches associated with the hammers 1 and 2, for example, reed switches 9.
  • the commutator has three other segments which are insulated from the circuitry.
  • brushes 15 Resting on the slipring are seven brushes 15 which are mechanically attached to the body of the machine. These brushes are identified as a, b, c, d, e,fand g.
  • a slipring 16 with a single brush 17 completes the switching circuit into the rotor.
  • FIG. 3 A simplified circuit diagram illustrating the type of circuit which may be used is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the commutator and slipring are co-axial in the same position as indicated in FIG. 2.
  • the three switches 9 (1), 9 (l) and 9 (2) are the reed switches activated by the magnets on the hammers l, 1 and 2. It will be seen that switch 9 (2) is closed in consequence of hammer 2 having swung back after striking the rock at the optimum point (FIGS. 1 and 2).
  • the battery 18 feeds current through resistances 19 to the lamps 20.
  • the resistances will preferably be chosen so as to allow the filaments of the lamps 20 to be hot but not to shine brightly.
  • the switch 9 (2) will close later and only, say, lamps 20fand g will light Whereas the lighting of the lamps has been described above with reference to one hammer 9 (2) only, it will be understood that the other hammers 9 (1) operate in the same manner to switch on the same lamps as hammer 9 (2). For a certain situation, the respective lamps will remain continuously lighted.
  • a simple automatic control operated by the lamp circuits could be used to relieve the observer of the traverse speed control duties in which case the lights themselves would only be required as supplementary information for the machine operator.
  • FIG. 4 shows an alternative circuit using magnets 24 attached to a driving chain sprocket 25 for the rotor. These magnets operate reed switches 26 a, b, c, d, e, f and g.
  • Sequencing cutouts can be used to ensure that only the most important lamp lights up. For example, if circuits b, c, d and e were to be excited, circuit b would light up and cut out circuits 0, d and e. The single red light b would then indicate that the rate of traverse of the machine across the rock face is too fast.
  • the slipring l6 and brush 17 may be eliminated by connecting the points 29 to the body of the machine 13 and point 30 to the body of the rotor. In this case reliance is placed on electrical continuity of the bearings etc. of the rotor.
  • the system depicted in FIG. 5 involves the direct indication of the position of the water jet at 8 relative to the main body 13 of the machine. Because the position of jet 8 is constant relative to the pivot 30 of the hammer 2 and because the lag between the hammer striking a full blow against the rock and striking the shock absorber 7 is virtually constant when lag is measured as an angle of rotation of the rotor the system indicates the position of the point of impact of the hammer against the rock relative to the main body of the machine and in particular to the centre 22 of the rotor.
  • the system involves directing the jet of water at 8 at a series of pressure sensitive sensors 32 a, b, c, d, e, f and g mounted on the body 13 of the machine in such a position that the water jet strikes sensor 32d first, as a result of the hammer 2 hitting the rock at point 5. It will be seen that if the hammer strikes at 36 the first sensor to be hit might be 32a or b and if the hammer strikes at 37 that the first sensor to be hit might be 32f or g.
  • the sensors can be designed to give pneumatic, hydraulic, electrical or simple mechanical signals or a combination of these and that they can be made to control the rate of traverse of the machine through a control unit either automatically or with manual assistance.
  • the invention also includes within its scope that the hammers shall strike the rock when they are travelling approximately parallel to the old and new rock faces as shown in FIGS. ll, 2 and 5.
  • a method of controlling the rate of traverse of rock cutting equipment including a support with a rotor carrying swinging hammers, which method comprises the generation of a signal at a predetermined angular position of a hammer relative to the rotor after an operational impact, applying the signal so generated to an indicating unit to determine the angular position of the rotor relative to the support at the moment of impact, comparing the position so determined with a predeter' mined relationship of the angular position of the rotor and utilising any difference from the predetermined relationship to vary the rate of traverse of the rotor across the rock face.
  • Means for controlling the traverse speed of rock cutting equipment including a rotor carrying swinging hammers and mounted on a support, said means comprising a sensor unit mounted on the rotor and adapted to generate a signal when a hammer is in a predetermined position relative to the rotor and after an operational impact, and an indicator unit adapted to receive the signal generated by the sensor and utilise this signal to determine the angular position of the rotor relative to the support at the moment of the operational impact and a control unit for altering the traverse speed dependent on indications received from the indicator unit.
  • Means for controlling the traverse speed of rock cutting equipment as claimed in claim 4 in which the sensor unit is an electrical switching and signal generating assembly adapted to be activated by electrically magnetically or mechanically operated members.
  • Means for controlling the traverse speed of rock cutting equipment as claimed in claim 5 including a sequencing cutout circuit adapted to be fed by the signal received in the indicator unit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
US00275051A 1971-07-29 1972-07-25 Control mechanism for rock cutting equipment Expired - Lifetime US3778106A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA715063A ZA715063B (en) 1971-07-29 1971-07-29 Control mechanism for rock cutting equipment

Publications (1)

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US3778106A true US3778106A (en) 1973-12-11

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US00275051A Expired - Lifetime US3778106A (en) 1971-07-29 1972-07-25 Control mechanism for rock cutting equipment

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US (1) US3778106A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
AU (1) AU463350B2 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
CA (1) CA982254A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
CH (1) CH551562A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
DE (1) DE2237213A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
FR (1) FR2147340B1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
GB (1) GB1394168A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
NO (1) NO131360C (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
SE (1) SE397209B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)
ZA (1) ZA715063B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4070064A (en) * 1976-06-04 1978-01-24 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Cooling system for rock ripper tip
US4079795A (en) * 1975-01-28 1978-03-21 Maschinen-Und Bohrgerate-Fabrik Alfred Wirth & Co., K.G. Method and a device for drilling with several tools in simultaneous operation
USRE31164E (en) * 1976-06-04 1983-03-01 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Cooling system for rock ripper tip
US6203113B1 (en) * 1997-12-09 2001-03-20 Nick Wendel Cutting drum with percussive bits

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5632512A (en) * 1979-08-24 1981-04-02 Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd Production of polypropylene having improved stretchability
GB2087948B (en) * 1980-01-11 1983-07-13 Coal Industry Patents Ltd Holder assemblies for sensitised cutter tools on mining machines

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1283618A (en) * 1917-03-15 1918-11-05 Oliver Oscar App Excavating-machine.
US2218528A (en) * 1937-03-05 1940-10-22 Colson J Endsley Percussion drill

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1283618A (en) * 1917-03-15 1918-11-05 Oliver Oscar App Excavating-machine.
US2218528A (en) * 1937-03-05 1940-10-22 Colson J Endsley Percussion drill

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4079795A (en) * 1975-01-28 1978-03-21 Maschinen-Und Bohrgerate-Fabrik Alfred Wirth & Co., K.G. Method and a device for drilling with several tools in simultaneous operation
US4070064A (en) * 1976-06-04 1978-01-24 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Cooling system for rock ripper tip
USRE31164E (en) * 1976-06-04 1983-03-01 Caterpillar Tractor Co. Cooling system for rock ripper tip
US6203113B1 (en) * 1997-12-09 2001-03-20 Nick Wendel Cutting drum with percussive bits

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA982254A (en) 1976-01-20
SE397209B (sv) 1977-10-24
FR2147340A1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1973-03-09
CH551562A (de) 1974-07-15
ZA715063B (en) 1972-09-27
GB1394168A (en) 1975-05-14
AU4492972A (en) 1974-02-07
FR2147340B1 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1976-10-29
NO131360C (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1975-05-14
NO131360B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) 1975-02-03
AU463350B2 (en) 1975-07-24
DE2237213A1 (de) 1973-02-08

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