US3775982A - Anti-pollution barrier - Google Patents

Anti-pollution barrier Download PDF

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Publication number
US3775982A
US3775982A US00245161A US3775982DA US3775982A US 3775982 A US3775982 A US 3775982A US 00245161 A US00245161 A US 00245161A US 3775982D A US3775982D A US 3775982DA US 3775982 A US3775982 A US 3775982A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
skirt
belt
regions
barrier
longitudinally extending
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00245161A
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English (en)
Inventor
G Lamboley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hutchinson Compagnie National du Cautchouc
Original Assignee
Hutchinson Compagnie National du Cautchouc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by Hutchinson Compagnie National du Cautchouc filed Critical Hutchinson Compagnie National du Cautchouc
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Publication of US3775982A publication Critical patent/US3775982A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/08—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/08—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material
    • E02B15/0814—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material with underwater curtains
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/08—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material
    • E02B15/085—Details of connectors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/08—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material
    • E02B15/0857—Buoyancy material
    • E02B15/0885—Foam

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT -pollution barrier for aquatic regions comprising a watertight skirt and floats and ballast connected to the [21] Appl. No.: 245,161
  • a longitudinal semi-rigid tension strip is rigidly .U n A 7 00 M n mM 3 M m .mm w .me m "Wu. P A1 7 9 W Ml. Fa r D. A
  • skirt segments which are longer than corresponding segments of the tension strip and constitute archshaped skirt portions.
  • the strip is located substantially midway between the top and bottom edges of the skirt and is fastened to the skirt by a plurality of stiffening means at said points. Each stiffening means defines faces between which the strip is clamped against the skirt.
  • the present invention relates to anti-pollution barriers of utility in aquatic regions and in particular for constituting an enclosure retaining a sheet of oil which has escaped from an oil tanker which has had an acci dent so as to avoid pollution of the sea and enable the oil to be recovered, for example by pumping in the centre of vortex produced by a turbine.
  • the invention relates to an antipollution barrier comprising a watertight skirt, for example of waterproofed fabric, which is providedwith floats and ballast and is connected to a tension element having tensile strength at spaced apart points which define longitudinal segments on the skirt and on the tension element, the length of one skirt segment being greater than the length of the corresponding segment of the tension element.
  • the known barrier cannot be employed in a region subjected to the effect of tides, as a coastal barrier which is uncovered at low tide, since, owing to its lack of stability, the skirt is incapable of assuming a definite orientation, necessary if the skirt is to perform its retaining function, either during the rising tide period for protecting the coast or the falling tide period for applying itself flat on the ground in an even manner in a position which ensures an automatic erection of the skirt when the following rising tide arrives.
  • the deformability of the skirt indeed tends to result in the skirt twisting when it is subjected to the ebb and flow of the tide.
  • An object of the invention is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks and provide a barrier of the aforementioned type, wherein the tension element is a semi-rigid flat strip which is located roughly midway up the height of the skirt and rigidly fastened to theskirt by transverse stifi'ening means providedat the respective fastening points and comprising plane surfaces between which the strip is clamped against the skirt.
  • the tension strip thus somewhat constitutes a longitudinal median reinforcement for the skirt which imparts to the latter a resistance to torsion which brakes and limits the transverse pivotal movements of the skirt under the effect of the swell and prevents it from assuming an inclination which would havean adverse effect on the efficiency of the barrier.
  • the band which is preferablymade in the form of a conveyor belt with multiple layers of rubber reinforced by textile or metal reinforcements, nonetheless permits owing to its midway' localisation on the skirt, a certain freedom of deformation of the skirt whichmust be capable of undergoing the concertina effect due to the swell and of following wave'troughs of more than four metres.
  • the skirt Owing to its high resistance to torsion, afforded by the presence of the strip which somewhat performs the function of a spine, the skirt maintains'under all circumstances a definite orientation which enables it to be employed as'a coastal barrier in atidal region.
  • theballast in the form of a chain fastened to the lower ends of the stiffeners and, if desired, at intermediate points of the skirt and below thelower edge of'the latter.
  • thebarrier When, for example; thebarrier is disposed on the ground at low tide, with the reinforcing strip undemeath, the successive stages of the rising tide produce, first, a raising, under the effect of the floats, of the upper part of the skirt about the hooking points of the ballast chain, then a sliding of the half-raised barrier by a sliding of the chains under the effect of the thrust of the water, and finally a rotation of theskirt about the neutral fibre of thereinforcingstripin theregion of the stiffeners.
  • the barrierthus becomes automatically erected in a position in whichit affords thedesired protection.
  • the reinforcing strip constitute an auxiliary ballast opposing the raising torque, thatis, that-the neutral fibre of the strip be located slightly further away from the chain hooking points than from the upper edge of the skirt.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the barrier according to the invention in its immersed position of utilization
  • FIG. 2 isa-horizontal sectional view of the means for suspendingthe ballast chain
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic view of a part of the barrier placed initially at low tide on the ground of the coast, this Figure showing the first stage of a rising tide.
  • the anti-pollution barrier shown partly in FIG. 1 comprises a skirt 1 of fabric coated with an elastomer whose median part is fastened to a strip or belt'2 of high tensile strengthin evenly-spaced regions 3.
  • the fastening is achievedby clampingthe stript2 against the skirt 1 between, on one hand-, two flanges 4,6 of a T-section member 7 of an aluminum alloy, which extends transversely throughout the entire height of the outer face of the skirt 1, and, on the other hand, three unoxidizable metal plates8 'which are applied against the inner face of the strip 2.
  • the clamping is achieved for example by means of rivets 9 of unoxidizable metal which extend through the flanges 4,6 and the plates 8.
  • floats 13 Fixed to the outer face of the skirt by adhesion, are vertical floats 13 of prismatic shape which are of plastic foam material or balsa wood or corkwood. These floats are evenly spaced apart between the regions 3 occupied by the stiffening members 7. Fixed on the flanges 4,6 of the latter, are also elements 14 constituting floats which leave uncovered the regions in which the rivets 9 and bolts 11 are disposed.
  • a continuous chain 16 constituting a ballast is hooked to the connecting links 12 combined with the lower part of the stiffeners 7 and to auxiliary connecting links 17 which are fixed to the lower edge portion of the skirt in the region of each float 13a which is located halfway between two successive stiffeners 7. As shown in FIG. 2, the two branches of each auxiliary connecting link 17 are locked on each side of two plates 18 of unoxidizable metal.
  • the latter are made to clamp therebetween the assembly consisting of the skirt 1, two steel sheets 19 of high tensile strength and a layer 21 of rubber protecting the sheets 19 against corrosion, by the action of a bolt 22 which extends through the eyes of the connecting links, the plates 18, the skirt 1 and the space between the sheets 19 covered with the layer of rubber 21 which is apertured and a nut 23 screwed on the bolt 22.
  • the length of the skirt segments defined by the stiffening and fastening section members 7 exceeds the length of the corresponding segments of the reinforcing strip or belt 2.
  • the barrer When the barrer is in use as shown in FIG. 1 and constitutes an enclosure confining a polluted sheet floating on the water, the opening defined by the opposite ends of the barrier being on the upstream side of the enclosure relative to the prevailing currents and maintained in position by a suitable anchorage of the free ends of the tension strip 2, the skirt segments are deployed and constitute multiple archshaped portions.
  • a detailed description of this manner of using a barrier is given in the French magazine SCI- ENCE, PROGRES ET DECOUVERTE of March 1971 on page 20 and illustrated in FIG. 3 of this magazine.
  • the barrier may also be placed in position on the open sea so as to capture a polluted sheet floating on the sea by casting the barrier from a ship equipped for this purpose.
  • FIG. 3 shows the barrier employed under these conditions, in the course of the first stage of a rising tide.
  • the centre part of a skirt segment located on each side of the float 13a to which the auxiliary connecting link 17 is connected rotates about the fixed zone defined by the ballast chain 16, the reinforcing strip 2 remaining in contact with the ground.
  • the barrier slides under the effect of the thrust of the rising tidal flow, the chain sliding along the ground.
  • the whole of the barrier including the ballast chain rises from the ground and rotates about the neutral fibre of the reinforcing strip 2 in the region of the stiffeners and finally assumes its vertical operative position.
  • the strip or belt 2 has been extended toward the left as viewed in FIG. 1 and terminates in a memorized books 26 deeply anchored in the layers of rubber which alternate in the strip 2 with layers of reinforcing fabric, these hooks being provided for coinciding with identical hooks of another section of reinforcing strip so as to allow a connection between two sections by means of a pin 27 which is passed through the aligned hooks.
  • An anti-pollution barrier of utility in aquatic regions comprising means defining an elongate flexible skirt impermeable to the pollution and having a top longitudinally extending edge and a bottom longitudinally extending edge in the position of use of the skirt; float means connected to the skirt;
  • ballast means connected to the skirt
  • said regions of the belt defining longitudinally extending belt segments and said regions of the skirt defining longitudinally extending skirt segments which are longer than the belt segments.
  • An anti-pollution barrier of utility in aquatic regions comprising means defining an elongate flexible skirt impermeable to the pollution and having an outer face, an inner face, a top longitudinally extending edge and a bottom longitudinally extending edge in the position of use of the skirt;
  • gions comprising:
  • ballast means connected to the skirt
  • said regions of the belt defining longitudinally extending belt segments and said regions of the skirt defining longitudinally extending skirt segments which are longer than the belt segments.
  • An anti-pollution barrier of utility in aquatic remeans defining an elongate flexible skirt impermeable to the pollution and having a top longitudinally extending edge and a bottom longitudinally extending edge in the position of use of the skirt;
  • ballast means comprising a chain and means suspending the chain from the Skin in a region of the skirt adjacent said bottom edge;
  • said regions of the belt defining longitudinally extending belt segments and said regions of the skirt defining longitudinally extending skirt segments which are longer than the belt segments.
  • a barrier as claimed in claim 7, comprising at least one additional float fixed to the skirt and located between pairs of successive stiffening means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning Or Clearing Of The Surface Of Open Water (AREA)
US00245161A 1971-04-21 1972-04-18 Anti-pollution barrier Expired - Lifetime US3775982A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7114187A FR2140732A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-04-21 1971-04-21

Publications (1)

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US3775982A true US3775982A (en) 1973-12-04

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Country Status (2)

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US (1) US3775982A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2140732A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3919847A (en) * 1972-11-27 1975-11-18 Pneumatiques Caoutchouc Mfg Floating anti-pollution barrier
US3943720A (en) * 1974-08-30 1976-03-16 Offshore Devices, Inc. Floating oil barrier
US3971220A (en) * 1973-02-23 1976-07-27 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Oil fence
US3979291A (en) * 1972-12-07 1976-09-07 National Marine Service, Inc. Oil boom and method of skimming floating oil from the surface of a body of water
US4248547A (en) * 1978-08-31 1981-02-03 Brown Norman D Fence for enclosing impurities floating on water
US4319858A (en) * 1978-10-16 1982-03-16 Societe Anonyme Rolba High resistance flexible boom
US4333726A (en) * 1975-12-17 1982-06-08 Billingsfors Bruks Aktiebolag Water barrier flotation curtain
US4841710A (en) * 1987-07-23 1989-06-27 The Original Lincoln Logs Ltd. Structural wall panel, method of manufacture and assembly system for a housing unit
US4842669A (en) * 1987-07-23 1989-06-27 The Original Lincoln Logs Ltd. Method of manufacture and assembly system for a structural wall panel
US5074709A (en) * 1990-01-29 1991-12-24 Stensland Gary E Device and method for containing fluid spills
US5085538A (en) * 1989-04-21 1992-02-04 Campbell Colin G Petroleum containment barrier for recovering floating petroleum
US5114272A (en) * 1990-07-02 1992-05-19 Brunhoff Frederic P Detachable boom and method for its use
CN109487898A (zh) * 2018-11-21 2019-03-19 陈爱军 拦污栅栏和栅栏清理夹

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3499291A (en) * 1967-11-06 1970-03-10 Trygve Mikkelsen Boom for screening in and collecting up of pollution on water
US3597924A (en) * 1969-02-07 1971-08-10 Ocean Science & Eng Floating oil barrier and method of containing a floating substance
US3686870A (en) * 1968-10-24 1972-08-29 Erling G E Blomberg Arrangement in flexible fences for enclosing impurities floating on water

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3499291A (en) * 1967-11-06 1970-03-10 Trygve Mikkelsen Boom for screening in and collecting up of pollution on water
US3686870A (en) * 1968-10-24 1972-08-29 Erling G E Blomberg Arrangement in flexible fences for enclosing impurities floating on water
US3597924A (en) * 1969-02-07 1971-08-10 Ocean Science & Eng Floating oil barrier and method of containing a floating substance

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Ocean Industry, February 1970, p. 84. *

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3919847A (en) * 1972-11-27 1975-11-18 Pneumatiques Caoutchouc Mfg Floating anti-pollution barrier
US3979291A (en) * 1972-12-07 1976-09-07 National Marine Service, Inc. Oil boom and method of skimming floating oil from the surface of a body of water
US3971220A (en) * 1973-02-23 1976-07-27 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Oil fence
US3943720A (en) * 1974-08-30 1976-03-16 Offshore Devices, Inc. Floating oil barrier
US4333726A (en) * 1975-12-17 1982-06-08 Billingsfors Bruks Aktiebolag Water barrier flotation curtain
US4248547A (en) * 1978-08-31 1981-02-03 Brown Norman D Fence for enclosing impurities floating on water
US4319858A (en) * 1978-10-16 1982-03-16 Societe Anonyme Rolba High resistance flexible boom
US4841710A (en) * 1987-07-23 1989-06-27 The Original Lincoln Logs Ltd. Structural wall panel, method of manufacture and assembly system for a housing unit
US4842669A (en) * 1987-07-23 1989-06-27 The Original Lincoln Logs Ltd. Method of manufacture and assembly system for a structural wall panel
US5085538A (en) * 1989-04-21 1992-02-04 Campbell Colin G Petroleum containment barrier for recovering floating petroleum
US5074709A (en) * 1990-01-29 1991-12-24 Stensland Gary E Device and method for containing fluid spills
US5114272A (en) * 1990-07-02 1992-05-19 Brunhoff Frederic P Detachable boom and method for its use
CN109487898A (zh) * 2018-11-21 2019-03-19 陈爱军 拦污栅栏和栅栏清理夹

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Publication number Publication date
FR2140732A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-01-19

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