US3774853A - Pulping apparatus for waste material - Google Patents

Pulping apparatus for waste material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3774853A
US3774853A US00220950A US3774853DA US3774853A US 3774853 A US3774853 A US 3774853A US 00220950 A US00220950 A US 00220950A US 3774853D A US3774853D A US 3774853DA US 3774853 A US3774853 A US 3774853A
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Prior art keywords
vane
rotor
cutter
vanes
leading edge
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00220950A
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English (en)
Inventor
P Seifert
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Black Clawson Fibreclaim Inc
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Black Clawson Fibreclaim Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/0084—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage
    • B02C18/0092—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste or sewage for waste water or for garbage

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A pulper or similar device for comminuting solid materials includes a vaned rotor having some of its vanes equipped with cutter bars arranged to move past complementary stationary cutter bars in shearing relation.
  • the device is particularly designed to select and cut flexible materials by causing them to fold over the leading edge of each moving cutter and its associated vane, and each of these vanes is equipped on the surface opposite the cutter with one or more fins arranged to hold the folded over pieces of flexible material against centrifugal travel outwardly of the vane and thereby to retain such material in folded over position over the leading edge of the vane and its cutter until the moving cutter reaches the next stationary cutter where the folded over material is cut into two 10 Claims, 12 Drawing Figures 3,073,535 1/1963 Vokes 241/46 3,339,851 9/1967 P611611 61 a1 241/46 3,595,488 7/1971 Blakley et a1. 241/4608 Pleces' 1 sum-1 0: 11'
  • FIG-3 FIG-l PATENTEDuuvzmra SHEET 3 OF 3 PULPING APPARATUS FOR WASTE MATERIAL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • This invention is concerned with the disposal of solid waste materials, and especially with the disposal of solid waste of the types commonly generated by establishments and institutions such as office buildings, hospitals, hotels and the like.
  • Such institutional wastes commonly typically include not only large quantities of paper and paper products, but also frangible materials such as glass and relatively tough stringy or sheet material such as flexible tubing, rags, rope, wire and sheet plastic.
  • the present invention provides pulping apparatus which is especially designed for use in the disposal of solid wastes wherein there may be a wide variety of materials of the types outlined above but which do not usually contain large metal objects such as commonly occur in municipal refuse.
  • the apparatus of the invention is especially useful for pulping solid wasteswhich contain substantial quantities of relatively tough stringy or sheet material, typical examples being string, wire, plastic sheet and tubing, leather and cloth.
  • the apparatus of the invention typically comprises a pulper of the general characteristics of the apparatus disclosed in Felton et al. U.S. Pat. No. 3,339,851 which is equipped with a vaned rotor construction generally shown in Vokes U.S. Pat. No. 3,073,535 and which is intended to be charged with a suspension of solid waste in 'a liquid carrier.
  • Certain of the rotor vanes are equipped with a cutter mounted on the under side which cooperate with stationary cutters to cut into smaller pieces the stringy or sheet materials which fold over their leading edges while the vanes reduce the pulpab'le materials by a combination of mechanical action and hydraulic shear.
  • each vane which carries a cutter is, also equipped on its upper surface with one or morefms which retain the folded over stringy materials against outward movement along the vane until they are cut between the movable and stationary cutters but without requiring metal to metal contact of the cutters.
  • FIG. 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic view in vertical section illustrating a pulper constructed in accordance with the invention
  • FIG. 2 is afragmentary plan view on a larger scale of the pulper of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary section generally on the line 3-3 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a detail of the outer end of one of the rotor vanes looking in the direction indicated by the line 4-4 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a detail view of the outer end of another vane taken as indicated by the line 5-5 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 6 is a fragmentary view of the leading face of the vane of FIG. 5, as indicated by the: line 6-6 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 7 is a fragmentary view in radial section of another form of rotor arrangement in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a fragmentary section on the line 8-8 of FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a somewhat diagrammatic view illustrating the application of the invention to a shredding device for air-carried materials
  • FIG. 10 is a view taken as indicated by the line 10-10 of FIG. 9;
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 are diagrammatic views illustrating the application of the invention to another form of shredding device, FIG. 12 being; taken on the line 12-12 of FIG. 11.
  • the remainder of the bottom wall comprises a perforate extraction plate 13 which forms a partition between the interior of the tub and chamber 15 for receiving a slurry of particles sufficientlysmall to pass through the perforations in plate 13, which are commonly in the range of one-fourth inch to 1 inch in diameter.
  • a conduit 16 carries this slurry away from chamber 15.
  • the wall section 12 also has an outlet 17 for receiving infrangible items, which pass bygravity through outlet 17 to a chute 18 for collection and removal, for example by means of the junk remover shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,549,092. r r
  • a rotor 20 is mounted on the upper end of a shaft 22 extending through the extraction plate 13 to support the rotor for rotation just above the extraction plate, a drive for shaft 22 being shown diagrammatically at 23.
  • the rotor 20 is generally of the construction disclosed in Vokes U.S. Pat. No. 3,073,535 and it comprises a rotor body 24 and a plurality of vanes projecting outwardly therefrom in overlying relation with the perforations in the extraction plate 1.3.
  • Two of these vanes 25 are of essentially the same configuration shown in U.S. Pat. No. 3,073,535, each of them having a leading face portion 26 and smooth upper and lower surfaces 27 and 28 trailing the leading portion 26.
  • the face 26 is inclined at a small angle forwardly toward the extraction plate 13 to urge a liquid suspension within the tub toward the surface of plate 13 as the rotor revolves.
  • each vane 30 is generally similar to vanes 25, and each includes upper and lower surfaces 31 and 32 trailing from a leading edge portion 33, which, however is inclined upwardly rather than downwardly as in the case of leading portions 26.
  • each vane 30 instead of a smooth upper surface, however, each vane 30 has on its upper surface a pair of ribs or'fins 35 which extend generally tangentially in spaced relation defining a slot 36 therebetween, and which are provided with hard surface coatings 37, such as stellite on their leading edge surfaces.
  • each vane 35 has a cutter bar 40 mounted by bolts 41 in its under surface generally in alignment with its leading edge 33.
  • Two complementary stationary cutter bars 42 are mounted on the upper surface of the extraction plate 13 along a common diameter of the plate as best seen in FIG. 2.
  • the purpose of the cutters 40 and 42 is to cut tough or stringy material as the rotor rotates, and the purpose of the ribs 35 is to cause such materials to be presented to these cutters in the best position for repeated cutting action.
  • the vanes and cause vortical circulation of the liquid within the tub 10, and solid materials suspended in this liquid follow a pattern of movement in which they are thrown centrifugally outwardly by the rotor until they climb the wall 1 l and then fall back into the center of the vortex.
  • the rotor in turn has a selective action on these materials, subjecting them to cutting or to mechanical force and hydraulic shear depending upon whether they are rigid or flexible.
  • the construction and operation of the vanes 30 and the ribs 35 thereon thus provides the major part of the selective action of the rotor in cutting flexible materials while at the same time protecting the cutters 40 and 42 from rigid materials which might damage their cutting edges.
  • the fins 35 are sufficiently rounded in radial section to minimize any tendency they might have to catch and hold hard materials traveling along the surface of the rotor under the influence of centrifugal force, and the upwardly inclined leading edge portions 33 will also act to deflect hard materials upwardly. Hard materials will therefore continue to circulate until they have all comminuted or have dropped through the outlet 17, and they will ordinarily not come in contact with the cutters, but the flexible materials are restrained from outward movement long enough to expose them to the cutting action described.
  • the other factor referred to above is the shearing angle defined by the cooperating cutting edges of the cutters 40 and 42. Preferred results have been obtained with this angle of the order of 30, as shown by the dotted outline of the cutter 40 superimposed on the cutter 42 in FIG. 2. This relationship is provided by mounting the cutters 40 tangentially on the rotor and at an angle of approximately 30 to a radius intersecting therewith. With shearing angles of this order, if metal pieces like nails or bolts should enter into shearing position, the cutters will tend to urge them outwardly without being sheared, thereby protecting their cutting edges. Another practical advantage is that the cutters are simple rectangular bars of metal which are easy to produce, to maintain and to adjust.
  • H6. 3 illustrates an adjustable mounting for the rotor shaft 22 for the purpose of establishing preferred spacing for the cutters.
  • the lower end of the shaft 22 is held axially in a cup-shaped retainer 44 by means of. bearings 45 and a lock-ring 46.
  • the retainer 44 is threaded in the bottom end of the bearing housing 47, and it can therefore be threaded in and out of the housing to move the rotor shaft and rotor up and down and thereby to adjust the relative spacing of the movable cutters.
  • FlGS.”7-d illustrate the application of the invention to another construction of pulper in. which a relatively flat rotor 59 having abrasive or pumping projections 51 on its upper surface is supported for rotation in a tub within a cylindrical perforate extraction ring 52.
  • the rotor 59 also carries adjacent its outer edge an upwardly projecting vane 53 having its leading edge 54 inclined upwardly and away from its direction of movement to act as a cutter in combination with one or more stationary cutter bars 55 mounted on the inner surface of the extraction ring 52, the clearance between these cutters being exaggerated in FIG. 8.
  • the pieces 60 of material to be cut are conveyed through a chute 61 to the upper surface of a rotor 62 similar in construction to the rotor and carried by -a shaft 63 driven by a motor 64.
  • the rotor 62 includes a pair of symmetrically spaced vanes 65 having ribs 66 on their upper surfaces, and carrying cutter bars 67 on their lower surfaces which cooperate with four stationary cutter bars 68.
  • the apparatus shown in FIGS. 9 and I0 is essentially a shredder for paper or other flexible material, and the ribs 66 operate in the same manner as described for the fins 35 in that they tend to hold folded over pieces of flexible material from outward movement along the rotor vanes 65 long enough to cause such pieces of material to be cut between the movable and stationary cutters 67-69 While apparatus of this type would ordinarily be used on material which is essentially free of hard pieces, if any such hard pieces are present, the vanes will tend to throw them centrifugally clear of the cutting area, in a manner similar to that described for the rotor 29.
  • FIGS. 19 and Ill show another type of shredding apparatus in which there are multiple rotors 70 mounted on a common shaft 71 and each comprising a pair of vanes 72 having ribs 73 on one surface and cutters 75 on the opposite surface for cooperating with stationary cutters 77.
  • the material to be shredded drops down a chute ht) into the space wherein therotors 70 cooperate, and the cut pieces continue their downward movement through the outlet 81.
  • the operation of the ribs 72 in this form of the invention is essentially the same as in the other forms already described.
  • FIGS. 9-12 illustrates the fact that although the invention is especially useful in connection with the treatment of solid waste materials
  • Apparatus of the character described adapted to comminute pieces of relatively flexible material, comprising a. a chamber for receiving a charge of such flexible material,
  • a rotor including a rotor body mounted for rotation on an axis within said chamber
  • g. means on said one vane for holding said folded pieces of flexible material against travel along said vane in order to retain such pieces folded over said leading edge portion of said vane and said cutter thereon for cutting by said cutters.
  • Apparatus of the character described adapted to pulp solid waste material containing a substantial quantity of pieces of relatively flexible material such as tubing, rope, wire and/or sheet plastic, comprising a. a tub for receiving 'a suspension of such waste material in a carrier medium,
  • a rotor including a rotor body mounted adjacent a wall of .said tubfor rotation on an axis
  • At least one rib on said vane and having the length thereof extending generally tangentially of said rotor body to hold folded over pieces of flexible material against travel along said vane and thereby to retain such material folded over said leading edge portion of said vane and said cutter thereon for cutting by said cutters.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 comprising a plurality of said vanes arranged on said rotor in equally angularly spaced relation, there being one of said cutters on each of said vanes, and further comprising a plurality of said fixed cutters arranged in angularly spaced relation around said rotor axis.
  • Apparatus as defined in claim 2 comprising a plurality of said vanes arranged on said rotor in equally angularly spaced relation, there being one of said cutters on selected equally angularly spaced ones of said vanes, the others of said vanes having pumping surfaces thereon contributing to said vortical circulation of said suspension, and said apparatus further comprising a plurality of said fixed cutters arranged in angularly spaced relation around said rotor axis.
  • Apparatus as defined in claim 2 comprising at least two of said ribs mounted in generally radially spaced relation on each of said selected vanes.
  • Apparatus as defined in claim 2 comprising means maintaining said rotor with each said vane in predetermined spaced relation with said tub wall establishing a maximum size of flexible material capable of being folded over said leading edge portion of said vane and said cutter thereon.
  • Apparatus of the character described adapted to pulp solid waste material containing relatively infrangible items as well as pieces of relatively flexible material such as tubing, rope, wire and/or sheet plastic, compris- 8 ing a. a tub for receiving a suspension of such waste material in a carrier medium,
  • a rotor including a rotor body mounted adjacent the bottom of said tub for rotation on a substantially vertical axis
  • g. means forming a cutter on said lower surface of at least a selected one of said vanes extending generally in alignment with said leading edge portion of said vane for cooperative cutting action with said fixed cutter as said rotor rotates,
  • each said selected vane for holding such folded pieces of flexible material against travel along said outer vane surface in order to retain such material folded over said leading edge portion of said vane and said cutter thereon for cutting by said cutters, and

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
US00220950A 1972-01-26 1972-01-26 Pulping apparatus for waste material Expired - Lifetime US3774853A (en)

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US22095072A 1972-01-26 1972-01-26

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US3774853A true US3774853A (en) 1973-11-27

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US (1) US3774853A (xx)
JP (1) JPS4884348A (xx)
CA (1) CA969521A (xx)
DE (1) DE2302341A1 (xx)
FI (1) FI54564C (xx)
FR (1) FR2169240B1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1412173A (xx)
IT (1) IT976792B (xx)
NL (1) NL7300681A (xx)
SE (1) SE398306B (xx)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3859206A (en) * 1972-01-28 1975-01-07 Beloit Corp Stock cleaner and method
US3877648A (en) * 1973-11-13 1975-04-15 Black Clawson Co Defibering apparatus including multiple horizontally spaced comminuting surfaces
US4135671A (en) * 1976-10-19 1979-01-23 Escher Wyss Gmbh Stock pulper
US4175708A (en) * 1977-01-27 1979-11-27 Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method of transporting liquid pitch containing lumpy cokes and apparatus therefor
US4480796A (en) * 1982-01-25 1984-11-06 Beloit Corporation Pulping apparatus including improved rotor
US4538765A (en) * 1981-12-10 1985-09-03 Escher Wyss Gmbh Method for defiberizing waste paper in a thick stock range
US4582261A (en) * 1984-05-18 1986-04-15 Adamation Pulper
US4612088A (en) * 1983-03-18 1986-09-16 Sunds Defibrator Ab Reactor to perform chemical reactions with a disintegrating disc
US5451004A (en) * 1993-09-08 1995-09-19 Somat Corporation Integrated waste pulping and liquid extraction system
US5577674A (en) * 1993-09-08 1996-11-26 Somat Corporation Waste pulping and liquid extraction system and method including automatic bag feeding
US5918822A (en) * 1998-01-26 1999-07-06 Sternby; Arthur J. Channeled pulp rotor
US6131587A (en) * 1998-09-28 2000-10-17 144 Limited Partnership Hand washing and drying apparatus and system including waste disposal apparatus and method
US20050039615A1 (en) * 2001-10-18 2005-02-24 Chupka David E Extraction bedplate with laser or water jet cut apertures
US20070012892A1 (en) * 2005-07-12 2007-01-18 Chung-Chih Huang Gas control knob that is operated manually or automatically
US20130270375A1 (en) * 2009-06-23 2013-10-17 Zoeller Pump Company, Llc Grinder pump basin system

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1156255B (it) * 1982-01-25 1987-01-28 Fernando Ferretti Porcedimento e relativa macchina per il recupero degli sfridi industriali in materiale termoplastico
DK160223C (da) * 1987-12-14 1991-07-29 Praestbro Maskinfab Apparat til soenderdeling af fibroese materialer saasom halm eller papir
FR2722524B1 (fr) * 1994-07-12 1996-08-14 Francaise Assainissements Dispositif comprenant un panier perfore et un moyen de coupe pour la dilaceration des matieres dans un broyeur monte a l'arriere d'une cuvette de w.c
CN106638097A (zh) * 2016-10-18 2017-05-10 中山市为客包装制品有限公司 造纸打浆机

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2674927A (en) * 1951-01-27 1954-04-13 Wicksell Sture Valfrid Disintegrator for fibrous materials
US3073535A (en) * 1960-03-24 1963-01-15 Black Clawson Co Paper machinery
US3339851A (en) * 1965-09-08 1967-09-05 Black Clawson Co Paper machinery
US3595488A (en) * 1969-09-29 1971-07-27 Black Clawson Co Method of waste treatment

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2674927A (en) * 1951-01-27 1954-04-13 Wicksell Sture Valfrid Disintegrator for fibrous materials
US3073535A (en) * 1960-03-24 1963-01-15 Black Clawson Co Paper machinery
US3339851A (en) * 1965-09-08 1967-09-05 Black Clawson Co Paper machinery
US3595488A (en) * 1969-09-29 1971-07-27 Black Clawson Co Method of waste treatment

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3859206A (en) * 1972-01-28 1975-01-07 Beloit Corp Stock cleaner and method
US3877648A (en) * 1973-11-13 1975-04-15 Black Clawson Co Defibering apparatus including multiple horizontally spaced comminuting surfaces
US4135671A (en) * 1976-10-19 1979-01-23 Escher Wyss Gmbh Stock pulper
US4175708A (en) * 1977-01-27 1979-11-27 Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method of transporting liquid pitch containing lumpy cokes and apparatus therefor
US4538765A (en) * 1981-12-10 1985-09-03 Escher Wyss Gmbh Method for defiberizing waste paper in a thick stock range
US4480796A (en) * 1982-01-25 1984-11-06 Beloit Corporation Pulping apparatus including improved rotor
US4612088A (en) * 1983-03-18 1986-09-16 Sunds Defibrator Ab Reactor to perform chemical reactions with a disintegrating disc
US4582261A (en) * 1984-05-18 1986-04-15 Adamation Pulper
US5451004A (en) * 1993-09-08 1995-09-19 Somat Corporation Integrated waste pulping and liquid extraction system
US5577674A (en) * 1993-09-08 1996-11-26 Somat Corporation Waste pulping and liquid extraction system and method including automatic bag feeding
US5918822A (en) * 1998-01-26 1999-07-06 Sternby; Arthur J. Channeled pulp rotor
US6131587A (en) * 1998-09-28 2000-10-17 144 Limited Partnership Hand washing and drying apparatus and system including waste disposal apparatus and method
US20050039615A1 (en) * 2001-10-18 2005-02-24 Chupka David E Extraction bedplate with laser or water jet cut apertures
US20070245907A1 (en) * 2001-10-18 2007-10-25 Kadant Black Clawson Inc. Extraction bedplate with laser or water jet cut apertures
US7628890B2 (en) 2001-10-18 2009-12-08 Kadant Black Clawson Inc. Extraction bedplate with laser or water jet cut apertures
US8172985B2 (en) 2001-10-18 2012-05-08 Kadant Black Clawson Inc. Extraction bedplate with laser or water jet cut apertures
US20070012892A1 (en) * 2005-07-12 2007-01-18 Chung-Chih Huang Gas control knob that is operated manually or automatically
US20130270375A1 (en) * 2009-06-23 2013-10-17 Zoeller Pump Company, Llc Grinder pump basin system
US9352327B2 (en) * 2009-06-23 2016-05-31 Zoeller Pump Company, Llc Grinder pump basin system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE398306B (sv) 1977-12-19
FR2169240B1 (xx) 1978-03-03
IT976792B (it) 1974-09-10
CA969521A (en) 1975-06-17
DE2302341A1 (de) 1973-08-02
FI54564B (fi) 1978-09-29
NL7300681A (xx) 1973-07-30
FR2169240A1 (xx) 1973-09-07
JPS4884348A (xx) 1973-11-09
FI54564C (fi) 1979-01-10
GB1412173A (en) 1975-10-29

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