US377462A - Steam-engine - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 sheets-sheet M. NY. 8; E. P. LYNN.

I STEAM ENGINE. No. 377,462. I Patented F6b ..7, 1888.

W t fitome'yap N PETER C.-

MIRABEAU N. LYNN AND ELMORE r. LYNN, on RISINGSUN, INDIA A,

'ASSIGNORS TO THE LYNN ENGINE COMPANY, OFDAYTON, OHIO.

STEAM-ENG NE SPECIFICATION forming partrof Letters Patent No, 377,462, dated February 7, 1888! Application filed July 2Q, 1886. Renewed Jnneg22, 1857. Serial No. 242,151. (No model.)

To aZZ whom; it may concern:

Be it known that we, MIRABEAU N. LYNN and ELMORE P. LYNN, both. of Rising Sun, in the county of Ohioand State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Engines; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full,'clea r, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, nd to the figures and letters of reference markedthereon.

'This invention relates to improvements in the arrangement, location, and means for op erating the valves of engines of the direct-acting multiple-cylinder class, as hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a two-cylinder engine, showing our'improvements applied .thereto.

Fig. 2 is an end view, partly in section, of said engine, Figs. 3 and 4 are enlarged sectional views of .the piston and valve in different positions. Fig. 5 .is a transverse sectional view of the'valve and piston on line w :20, Fig. 4, looking toward the head of the cylinder. I

Similar letters of reference in the several figures indicate the same parts.

With the exception of the pistons and valve mechanism, the engine shown, and which is simply introducedto illustrate one mode of applying ourpresentinventionin practice, is

in all material respects substantially thesame in form and construction as that described in our joint application, Serial No. 188,722, filed January 16,1886. 1 I

A is the main casing and A the cylinders.

A is the removable head, carrying the governor A and throttle-valve A, and provided with steam-passages a, leading to the jackets of the cylinders. o

A is the crankshaft, A the counter-weight, and A the pitman. c n

Steam or othcr'fiuid under pressure is admitted through an opening, a, in the lower cylinder communicating through a cored passage, of, in said cylinder with a passagein the head A leading to the steam-chest a of the throttle-valve. Thismode of connecting the steam-pipe with the steam-chest is preferred, as it permits the head A to be removed without disconnecting the steam-pipe, but, if Q desired, the steam pipe' connection may be made directly with the steamchest of the throttle-valv V 4 5 1 As shown at Fig. 1, the steam passes directly from the throttle-valve into the jackets of the cylinders, from whence it is introduced into the cylinders above the pistons in the following mannerr-Within each piston P, of which more thantwo may beemployed, if

desired, is formed a chamber, 0, for the re opposite ends, P P, of the piston P are pro videdwith packing-rings, so that the steampassage E, preferably surrounding the piston,

divides the latter into three sections comprising thetwo ends or pistons P P and the connecting portion P, less in diameter than the pistons P P, within which the valve i s;1o-

oated. Steam is admitted to the passage E,

and thence to the valve-chamber Gin the piston, through a series of ports or openings, R,

inlth e inner wall of the cylinder and communicating with the steam-space therein The preferred form of valve is that shown, consisting of upperand lower sections, U U, provided with parallel faces a, fitting the opposite faces of the valve-chamber, as shown.- The upper section, U, of the. valve'is provided witha cylindrical or othershaped portion, ut fitting within'ja sleeve, a, on the" lower section, and in it is formedthe passage or passages leading from the, exhaust-port 1?, while the lower section, U, is formed with a large opening,'p, for establishing'and maintaining a free passage for the exhaust-steamv into an opening or openings, p in" the lower portion, P of the piston, and communicating with the central chamber of the main casing.

arranged constitute, practically, a balanced valve; but owing to the rapid motion of the pistons it is found desirable in practice that the valve should not be completely balanced,-

ICO

but that a sufficient areashould be exposed on v each. section to hold them pressed against their 9s The two sections UzU as thus constructed and seats and prevent their being thrown off by the inertia of the parts.

In one section of the valve, preferably the upper, is formed a tubular guide, G, for the reception of a block, 9, in which is pivoted the end of an arm, M, connected to and forming an extension. of the head of the pitman A7, which latter is pivotally attached to the lower section, I, of the piston.

The upper section of the valve is so adj ust-ed and proportioned relative to theinlet and exhaust ports in the piston, the throw of the crank, and the length of the arm or connection between the pitman and valve that at mid-stroke of the valve, which occurs as the crank passes the center, the inlet will be opened and the exhaust closed, or vice versa, as the piston reaches the limit of its stroke in either direction; hence the movement of the valve to admit and exhaust the propellingfiuid in the cylinder must be the same, but in a reverse direction at each end of the stroke of the piston. This arrangement is amply sufficient when the engine is to be used as a meter or hydraulic motor, in which event three cylinders should be employed; but if designed to be driven by steam it is desirable that some provision be made whereby the supply of steam can be cut off during the latter part of the stroke of the piston; and with this end in view we have so arranged and located the openings or ports in the cylinder relative to the length of the piston and crank that the piston itself shall operate as a cut-off valve. As before stated, the piston proper is provided with two piston-heads, I P, between which is formed, in connection with the cylinder, a steam-space communicating with the valve-chamber and inlet-port. The openings or ports in the wall of the cylinder are so located with respect to the upper or outer pistoirhead, P,-that when the piston is at the outer end of the cylinder steam will be delivered into the steamspace between the two piston-heads, and as the piston is forced upward toward the crank the upper or outer piston-head will lap over and cover the ports or openings in the cylinder, thereby cutting off the supply and allowing the steam in the cylinder to act expansively upon the piston.

The point of cut-off can be regulated and determined by changing the location of the openings in the cylinder or the position of the piston-headrelativetosaidopenings. Asshown in the drawings, the piston is arranged to cut off at about one-half stroke.

By forming the openings through which steam is admitted to the cylinder at equal distances apart the pressure upon the periphery of the piston is equalized.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new is-- 1. The combination, with a cylinder having ports or openings in its inner surface for the admission of steam, of a piston carrying a valve controlling the inlet and exhaust ports,

said piston being provided with two pistonheads and a steamspace between them, into which steam is delivered from the openings in the cylinder, substantially as described.

2. Thecombination,withthecylinderandits openings or ports, of a piston carrying the valve mechanism governing the inlet and exhaust openings and provided with a steamspace intermediate the ends of the piston and communicating with the valve-chamber, said steam-space cooperating with openings in the cylinder during a portion only of the stroke of the piston to thereby limit the supply of steam as delivered to the cylinder, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the cylinder having steam openings or ports in its interior, of a piston having a valve chamber and valve through which the steam is admitted and ex hausted in the cylinder, said piston being also provided with a steam-space intermediate its ends or heads, whereby steam is admitted to the valve-chamber at the beginning of the stroke and is cut off by the movement of the piston which closes the ports in the cylinder during the latter portion of the stroke, substantially as described.

4. In a direct-acting steamengine such as described, wherein steam is admitted direct to the interior of the cylinder through ports in the side thereof,and in combination with said cylinder, a-piston carrying valve mechanism controlling the admission-and escape of steam above the piston and operating in conjunction with the ports in the cylinder as a cut-off, substantially as described.

5. In an engine such as described, and in combination with the cylinder and its ports or openings, the piston provided with two piston-heads connected together to form a steamspace and valve-chamber, and a valve located in said chamber and driven by the pitman to alternately open and close the inlet and exhaust ports as the crank passes. the center, substantially as described.

6. In an engine such as described, and in combination with the cylinder having ports or openings, the piston fitting the cylinder above and below said openings or ports and provided with an intermediate steam-passage for reestablishing communication between the said ports or openings and an inlet-port in the piston, substantially as described.

'7. In a direct-acting steam-engine, and in combination with the piston thereof provided with the valve chamber, as described, the slide-valve constructed in two sections fitted together and engaging the opposite faces of the valve-chamber, the inlet and exhaust ports formed in one outlet the piston and the exhaust-port in the other, said valve-sections being also providedwith a passage through their connecting portions for the escape of the exhaust through the piston, substantially as described.

8. The combination, in a direct-acting engine such as described, and with the piston and cylinder thereof, of a slide-valve located 377,462 r Q Q .3

in the piston and provided with a longitudinal socket for the reception of a guide'block, the pitman pivotally secured to the lower side of the piston,and the rod attached to and forming an extension of the piston projecting withinthe piston and valve with its end pivoted to the before-mentioned guide-block in the valve, substantially asdescribed.

9. In a. direct-acting engine such as described, and in combination with the cylinder having openings or ports in its inner wallsyand a piston provided with two heads and an intermediate steam-space and operating as a cutoff, a valvecarried by said piston and moving in unison with the pitman to control the admission of steam from the steam-passage into the cylinder above the piston and the escape of steam through the pistomsubstantially as described.

10. In a direct acting steam-engine such as described, wherein steam is admitted through 1 openings in the cylinderand into a steamthrough the rear end of the piston, substantially as described.

11. Ina directacting steam-engine such as 7, described, and incombination with the piston provided with double heads and an intermediate space, a cylinder provided with a se-,

ries of openings or ports arranged at,equal-- vdistances apart, through'which the fluid is admitted to the interior of the cylinder, whereby, when the head of the piston is brought opposite said openings toserve asa cut-off, the pressure will be equalized upon the periphery of the piston, asset forth.

12. In a direct-acting engine suchas described, and in combination with the jacketed' cylinder having openings or ports inits inner walls, the piston provided with two heads and an intermediate space through which the fluid is conducted from the openings in the cylinder to the valve in the piston, the recipcomrnunicating with the opening in the lower end of the piston, and the pitman pivotal'ly attached to the piston in said last-mentioned opening and carrying an arm or extension engaging the valve toreciprocate the latter, subv stantiallyas described. v

, MIRABEAU N. LYNN;

ELMORE r. LYNN.

Witnesses:

O. M. GOTTSOHALL, WILLIAM H. RUSSELL.

s 'rocating valve containing the exhaustpassage

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