US3773416A - Electrophotographic portable camera - Google Patents

Electrophotographic portable camera Download PDF

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Publication number
US3773416A
US3773416A US00201647A US3773416DA US3773416A US 3773416 A US3773416 A US 3773416A US 00201647 A US00201647 A US 00201647A US 3773416D A US3773416D A US 3773416DA US 3773416 A US3773416 A US 3773416A
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United States
Prior art keywords
photosensitive film
film
camera
layer
transfer paper
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00201647A
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English (en)
Inventor
T Kushima
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Minolta Co Ltd
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Minolta Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording-members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat or to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
    • G03G5/043—Photoconductive layers characterised by having two or more layers or characterised by their composite structure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/22—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern involving the combination of more than one step according to groups G03G13/02 - G03G13/20
    • G03G15/26—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern involving the combination of more than one step according to groups G03G13/02 - G03G13/20 in which the charge pattern is obtained by projection of the entire image, i.e. whole-frame projection
    • G03G15/263—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern involving the combination of more than one step according to groups G03G13/02 - G03G13/20 in which the charge pattern is obtained by projection of the entire image, i.e. whole-frame projection using a reusable recording medium in form of a band
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording-members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat or to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers

Definitions

  • a flexible photosensitive film is positioned at an exposure frame to receive an image exposure, and a flexible transfer paper having a dielectric film surface is transported into contacting relationship with the photosensitive film.
  • a photosensitive film charge device is detachably mounted to the camera body and includes a supply of photosensitive film and a pressure plate biased to press the photosensitive film to the exposure frame. The photosensitive film and the transfer paper are pressed into contacting relationship by an electrically conductive roller to transfer the latent image from the film to the paper.
  • the present invention relates to a photographic camera using an electrophotographic method based on an electrostatic latent image transfer system.
  • duplicating apparatus of various types using the electrophotographic method have been proposed on account of the advantage that positive visible images can be obtained soon after exposure.
  • One typical example uses the Xerographic process; however, in this method a heavy, high voltage DC electric power source is required, and after a photosensitive plate is exposed with this device it still should be subsequently sent to a developing device in a dark place. Therefore, the developing device should be built into the camera, or as in cameras making use of conventional photosensitive film, the photosensitive films which have been exposed should be stored in the camera and then removed from the camera and developed.
  • One object of the present invention is to provide a novel electrophotographic camera which overcomes the prior drawbacks mentioned above and is portable.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic portable camera making use of a flexible photosensitive film which is exchangeable even in the light and able to be used repeatedly for a long time, and in addition has excellent resolving power and is able to faithfully reproduce an object having half tones.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a small-sized electrophotographic portable camera which makes use of the TESl method, is capable of developing its copies in the light, and is not required to have a developing device built into the camera.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic camera small in volume and lightweight by use of a piezo-element high voltage generating means as a high voltage electric power charging source.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic portable camera provided with a means for removably accommodating an ex changeable photosensitive film.
  • the present invention relates to an electrophotographic portable camera provided with:
  • a supply spool and a take up spool for supplying and winding a flexible photosensitive film of high re-v solving power
  • a reciprocating corona discharge device to charge the photosensitive film in a position in front of the exposure frame
  • a piezoelectric high voltage generating means provided as an electric power source for supplying a high voltage to the corona discharge device
  • an image exposure means disposed in front of the corona discharge device and composed of an objective lens and shutter means;
  • a supply spool for holding a flexible transfer paper to which electrostatic latent images are transferred from the photosensitive film
  • a rubber roller and a conductive roller for bringing the photosensitive film and the transfer paper into contact with each other so as to transfer the electrostatic latent image from the photosensitive film to the transfer paper.
  • a feature of the present invention is that a flexible photosensitive film of high resolving power is used comprising a thin conductive evaporated film such as aluminum, a thin inorganic photo-semiconductive evaporated layer such as very thin non-crystalling Se, and an organic semiconductor coating layer such as PVK, on a flexible film base such as aluminum, alternatively comprising a conductive evaporated thin film such as aluminum, an inorganic semiconductor evaporated thin layer for forming a high commutating barrier on the boundary face with a conductive evaporated thin layer such as very thin non-crystalline Se, a highly sensitive inorganic photo-semiconductor evaporated thin layer such as very thin Se-Te, and an organic semiconductor coating layer such as PVK, on a flexible film aluminum base.
  • a photosensitive film comprising an inorganic photo-semiconductor evaporated thin layer such as very thin non-crystalline Se, a highly sensitive inorganic photo-semiconductor evaporated thin layer such as very thin Se-Te formed into a mesh pattern different in sensitivity from the photo-semiconductor layer, and an organic semiconductor coating layer such as PVK, on a flexible film aluminum base.
  • an inorganic photo-semiconductor evaporated thin layer such as very thin non-crystalline Se
  • a highly sensitive inorganic photo-semiconductor evaporated thin layer such as very thin Se-Te formed into a mesh pattern different in sensitivity from the photo-semiconductor layer
  • an organic semiconductor coating layer such as PVK
  • a further alternative is a photosensitive film comprising an inorganic semiconductor evaporated thin layer forming a high commutating barrier on the boundary face to a conductive evaporated thin layer such as very thin non-crystalling Se, a highly sensitive inorganic photo-semiconductive evaporated thin layer such as very thin Se-Te, and inorganic photosemiconductive evaporated thin layer such as very thin non-crystalline Se formed into a point pattern different in sensitivity from the photo-semiconductor layer, and an organic semiconductor coating layer such as PVK, on a flexible film aluminum base.
  • the present invention makes use of a flexible transfer paper formed by coating a high dielectric thin film onto a paper base applied by a dielectric treatment.
  • the present invention can provide a very clear copy of high contrast and of high resolving power and a clear copy which faithfully reproduces half tones free of background contamination. Additionally the transfer paper with an electronic latent image thereon can be removed from the camera in conjunction with a certain transporting operation of the photosensitive film. As a result there is no need to have a developing device in the main camera body, and accordingly the main camera body can be small-sized and lightened in weight.
  • the photosensitive film is held in a photosensitive film charge device detachable from the camera main body, and a pressure plate and a means for controlling a rubber roller provided in a transfer section are provided.
  • FIGS. 1(A), (B),(C),(D), and (E) are respectively drawings showing a constructive example of a photosensitive film used in a camera in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a drawing showing the formation of a transfer paper used in a camera in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of the essential portion of one embodiment of a camera in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the essential portion of a photosensitive film storage device in that embodiment.
  • FIGS. 5 (A) and (B) are respectively a side view and a perspective view showing one example of a portable liquid developing device.
  • FIGS. 1 A-E show a flexible photosensitive film of high resolving power used in the present invention.
  • photosensitive film P is so formed that for example on a flexible film base a, such as a polyester film, (lumiler) of 75p. thickness, thin Al layer b is evaporated as an electrode, and thereon very thin noncrystalline Se is evaporated to form a thin layer 0, and thereon there is coated an organic semiconductor coating layer d such as polyvinyl-carbazole (PVK) containing a little silicone.
  • the uppermost layer namely, layer d of PVK containing silicone, serves to retain electric charge and transmit positive holes; thin Se layer c serves to absorb light to generate electric charge carriers, and thin Al layer b functions to form a high commutating barrier on the boundary face with the Se layer to prevent positive holes from pouring into thin Se layer c.
  • FIG. 1 (B) as an intermediate film between PVK layer d of the photosensitive film and thin Se layer c, a thin evaporated layer e of Se-Te alloy is interposed; in this photosensitive film P shown in FIG. 1 (B), thin Se layer c absorbs no light and only functions to form a high commutating barrier on the boundary face with evaporated Al layer b to prevent positive holes from migrating thereinto.
  • the quantity of Te mixed with the Se for thin evaporated layer e of Se-Te alloy ranges from 10 to 60 percent of the weight ratio, and thereby it is possible to obtain a photosensitive film with remarkably improved sensitivity.
  • thin evaporated layer e of Se-Te alloy is formed into a mesh pattern or a grating making use of high mesh screen, for
  • photosensitive film P shown in FIG. 1 (D) as an intermediate layer between PVK film d and thin evaporated layer e of Se-Te alloy another thin Se layer c is interposed and is formed into a mesh pattern or a grating in the same way as described above.
  • These photosensitive films have a mesh resolving function by virtue of the difference of light decay characteristic due to the difference of sensitivity between thin Se layer 0 and thin evaporated layer e of Se-Te alloy. Thereby it is possible to obtain a photosensitive film used for reproducing half tones and of high resolving power.
  • the Se layer and the Se-Te alloy layer are thin layers less than 1 p. in thickness, and the PVK film is of a macromolecule material.
  • the Al layer and the Se evaporated layer after the Al layer is exposed to a glow discharge and given a forces oxidation by ion bombardment, even though the photosensitive film, formed into a belt shape by a vacuum evaporation of the Se, is put over two rollers of 30 mm width and turned at a speed of I m/s for a continuous 1,000 hours, the Al layer and the Se layer of the photosensitive film do not separate. Therefore, it is possible to use it either as a belt type film or as a roll type film.
  • a transfer paper T is closely adhered thereto.
  • the transfer paper is formed by coating a high dielectric material such as polyethylene, wax, alkyd resin, cellulose acetate, or epoxide, and resin film h such as vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate inter-polymer of 2 to 10 p. thickness. After pressing them into contact with each other from the back by means of a grounded roller the transfer paper is developed with liquid, and thereby it is possible to obtain a better picture image than in a copy obtained by prior duplicators.
  • photosensitive film P shown in FIG. 1 (B) we could obtain by experiment a very clear visible image which is free of ground contamination and of high contact and of high resolving power (over 50 pieces/mm) on transfer paper T, by charging with more than 1,000V and applying a picture image projection of several Lux-Sec.
  • photosensitive film P shown in FIGS. 1 (C) and (D) we could also obtain by experiment a very clear visible image which is quite free of background comtamination and faithful in reproducing half tones on transfer paper T, by charging from 800 to 1,000 V and applying a picture image projection of 3 to 10 Lux-Sec.
  • a conductive layer f such as an Al evaporation film, an Al foil film, or a Cul resin layer containing carbon powder, is formed on thin Al layer b on one side or both sides of the photosensitive film in order that thin Al layer b may be grounded.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 one embodiment of an electrophotographic portable camera in accordance with the present invention will be described hereinafter.
  • FIG. 3 shows the whole outline of a camera in accordance with the present invention, wherein reference numeral 1 denotes a camera main body, 2 an exchangeable objective lens, 3 a quick return type reflection mirror, 4 a focusing glass, 5 a focal plane shutter screen, 6 a winding lever for photosensitive film P, and 7 a film pressure plate.
  • reference numeral 1 denotes a camera main body
  • 2 an exchangeable objective lens
  • 3 a quick return type reflection mirror
  • 4 a focusing glass
  • 5 a focal plane shutter screen
  • 6 a winding lever for photosensitive film P
  • 7 a film pressure plate.
  • the above-mentioned case is an example where the operation mechanism of a single lens reflex camera in which a focal plane shutter is built-in is used; however, a lens shutter can also be used.
  • Reference numeral 9 denotes a corona discharge device, which is so constructed as to be manually moved up and down along a supporting plate and concurrently along the exposure opening in exposure opening plate 11 (the opening is, for example, 6 cm X 8 cm) and which is guided by guide rail 10. Alternatively it may be moved up and down by a driving means.
  • Numeral l2 denotes a high voltage supply source for corona discharge device 9, which is a high electric voltage generating device composed of a piezoelectric element and an oscillator making use of, for example, 65V as an electric power source.
  • a microswitch 13 is used to open and close the circuit to the voltage source.
  • Main switch 40 of high electric voltage supply source 12 is provided in front of the camera.
  • Numeral 14 de notes a supply spool for photosensitive film P
  • 15 is a take-up spool
  • 16 and 17 are rubber guide rollers disposed between supply spool 14 and take-up spool 15.
  • hotosensitive film P is pressed against the side of the supporting plate and against photographic exposure portion opening plate 11 by means of pressure plate 7 through both rubber rollers 16 and 17 and is disposed to be supported evenly with the image forming plane.
  • Supporting plate 11, in contact with conductive layer f provided on photosensitive film P, is made of a conductive material, so that exposed conductive layer f is grounded.
  • Numeral 18 denotes a conductive rubber roller disposed rotatably confronting with rubber roller 17.
  • arm 21 supporting at its one end conductive rubber roller 18, is biased upward by spring 19.
  • the other end of arm 21 is connected to the camera main body by shaft 21a.
  • conductive rubber roller 18 is pressed into contact with rubber roller 17 by spring 19.
  • an eccentric cam 20 is provided on the other end of arm 21 to the camera main body by shaft 21a.
  • reference numeral 25 denotes a side plate of the film charge portion, part of which forms a portion of the camera main body when storage portion A for the photosensitive film is fitted in camera main body 1.
  • Numeral 26 denotes a side plate on the opposite side, which is disposed inside of the camera main body. Rubber rollers 16 and 17 are respectively fixed rotatably to both side plates 25 and 26, and supply spool 14 for photosensitive film P and take-up spool 15 are respectively connected detachably to both side plates 25 and 26.
  • Gear 36 fixed to shaft 35 of winding lever 6, is meshed with gear 37, fixed to shaft 39, provided on the side plate, via idle gear 38, which is supported on side plate 25 by a shaft; also to shaft 39, cam 27 having notch 27a is fixed. Therefore, when winding lever 6 is turned clockwise in FIG. 4 cam 27 also is turned clockwise.
  • Numeral 28 denotes a lever, operated under the control of cam 27, which lever is freely rotated using shaft 28a as a center.
  • One end 28b of lever 28 is engaged with L-shaped piece 29a of retainer 29, fixed to pressure plate 7, and the other end 28c oflever 28 is in contact with cam 27.
  • pressure plate 7 operates in a direction to press photosensitive film P against opening plate 11 by virtue of a spring not shown in FIG. 4.
  • the other end 280 of lever 28 is pressed by the protrusion of notch 27a of cam 27 to turn counterclockwise about shaft 28a against the spring provided on pressure plate 7.
  • pressure plate 7 is driven away from film P; at this juncture film P is transported by take up spool 15 a predetermined length through the turning of shaft 35.
  • Numeral 30 denotes a lever for manually separating pressure plate 7 from film P via controlling lever 28.
  • Lever 30 is connected to side plate 25 by shaft 30c; on one end thereof manual operation handle 30a is provided projectingly to the outside of camera body, and the other end 30b thereof is in contact with lever 28 in a position near end portion 280. Therefore, when operation handle 30a is manually turned counterclockwise to turn lever 30 counterclockwise about shaft 30c, the other end 30b of lever 30 presses the arm of lever 28, so that lever 28 is turned counterclockwise and pressure plate 7 can be manually separated from film P.
  • This mechanism is serviceable when film storage portion A is fitted in camera main body 1 and photosensitive film P is set for the film storage portion A.
  • Numeral 31 denotes a connection gear for shutter cocking fixed to a shaft 35 projecting to the outside of 1 side plate 26 on the opposite side; when film storage portion A is fitted to camera case body 1, connection gear 31 is meshed with a gear 32, connecting the shutter cocking mechanism and connected to the camera main body side by a shaft.
  • connection gear 31 is meshed with gear 32.
  • This fitting operation can be done under exposure to light.
  • the shutter cocking is arranged to be done beforehand; however, by turning winding lever 6 to transport photosensitive film P, the shutter cocking is done automatically and thereby preparation for photographing is finished.
  • Transfer paper T is cut off by edge 34 provided on outlet 33, and by making use of an optional liquid developing device carried together with the camera, for example, a spray type liquid developing device D formed by connecting the developing liquid outlet of spray device 101 containing developing liquid to holding frame 102 for transfer paper T by means of bellows means 103 as shown in FIG. 5 (A), the electrostatic latent image is developed to a visible image.
  • a spray type liquid developing device D formed by connecting the developing liquid outlet of spray device 101 containing developing liquid to holding frame 102 for transfer paper T by means of bellows means 103 as shown in FIG. 5 (A)
  • the electrostatic latent image is developed to a visible image.
  • transfer paper T is inserted into holding frames 102 of developing device D, and bellows means 103 is extended and spray device 101 is operated (see FIG. 58).
  • film storage portion A can be taken out, and using the winding spool as a supply spool to again prepare for photographing as described above; photosensitive film P can be repeatedly used from 5,000 to 10,000 times.
  • the present invention is based on the TESI method for transferring a latent image by using a special photosensitive film such as shown in FIGS. 1 (A), (B), (C), and (D), which has a different photosensitive mechanism than the prior art, and by using a transfer paper shown in FIG. 2, and is able to provide a very clear copy of high contrast and of high resolving power as compared with the prior art. Also a clear copy is provided which is quite free of background contamination and reproduces half tones faithfully.
  • the transfer paper is removed from the camera main body with the electrostatic latent image remaining thereon in interlocking with a certain winding operation for the photosensitive film.
  • the present invention makes use of a piezo-electric element high voltage gen erating means provided with a piezoelectric oscillator using a battery as a power source, as a high voltage electric power source for the corona discharge device; therefore, it is possible to provide a very small size and light weight electrophotographic camera as compared with the prior art, which is useful as a portable electrophotographic camera.
  • An. electrophotographic type portable camera comprising:
  • a corona discharge device movable along and facing said exposure frame
  • piezo-electric means for generating an oscillatory signal for discharging said corona discharge device
  • a photosensitive film charge device detachably mounted to the camera body and including,
  • a pressure plate movable between an operating position and a rest position
  • an electrically conductive roller for pressing said photosensitive film and said transfer paper into contacting relationship for transferring an electrical latent image from said photosensitive film to said transfer paper.
  • a manually operable cam member rotatably pivoted to the camera body for retaining said lever against said spring
  • said photosensitive film comprises a film base and at least three layers having a conductive layer as the lowermost layer, a polyvinyl carbazole layer as the uppermost layer and a photosensitive layer between said two layers.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combination Of More Than One Step In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Structure And Mechanism Of Cameras (AREA)
US00201647A 1970-11-25 1971-11-24 Electrophotographic portable camera Expired - Lifetime US3773416A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1970117445U JPS4938682Y1 (ref) 1970-11-25 1970-11-25

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US3773416A true US3773416A (en) 1973-11-20

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US00201647A Expired - Lifetime US3773416A (en) 1970-11-25 1971-11-24 Electrophotographic portable camera

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US (1) US3773416A (ref)
JP (1) JPS4938682Y1 (ref)
DE (1) DE2158234A1 (ref)
FR (1) FR2116064A5 (ref)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3864035A (en) * 1973-09-14 1975-02-04 Coulter Information Systems Shutterless camera system
US4262998A (en) * 1977-06-01 1981-04-21 Coulter Systems Corporation Electrophotographic attachment for use with an optical projecting system
US4295714A (en) * 1977-04-16 1981-10-20 Payne John M Electrostatic cameras
US4318608A (en) * 1977-01-05 1982-03-09 Payne John M Portable electrostatic photocopier
US4332459A (en) * 1977-06-01 1982-06-01 Coulter Systems Corporation Plate making attachment for graphic art cameras
US5508790A (en) * 1994-09-07 1996-04-16 Indigo N.V. Photoreceptor sheet and imaging system utilizing same
US20140231880A1 (en) * 2011-09-29 2014-08-21 The Secretary Of State For Deffence Imaging sensor

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU2579795A (en) * 1994-09-07 1996-03-27 Indigo N.V. Imaging apparatus and photoreceptor therefor

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3499709A (en) * 1966-12-05 1970-03-10 Varian Associates Electrophotographic strip film devices with means for holding the film away from the photoconductor during film transport
US3542465A (en) * 1967-09-01 1970-11-24 Xerox Corp Camera with development means
US3680955A (en) * 1968-07-16 1972-08-01 Minolta Camera Kk Apparatus for forming an electrostatic image in a camera

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3499709A (en) * 1966-12-05 1970-03-10 Varian Associates Electrophotographic strip film devices with means for holding the film away from the photoconductor during film transport
US3542465A (en) * 1967-09-01 1970-11-24 Xerox Corp Camera with development means
US3680955A (en) * 1968-07-16 1972-08-01 Minolta Camera Kk Apparatus for forming an electrostatic image in a camera

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3864035A (en) * 1973-09-14 1975-02-04 Coulter Information Systems Shutterless camera system
US4318608A (en) * 1977-01-05 1982-03-09 Payne John M Portable electrostatic photocopier
US4295714A (en) * 1977-04-16 1981-10-20 Payne John M Electrostatic cameras
US4262998A (en) * 1977-06-01 1981-04-21 Coulter Systems Corporation Electrophotographic attachment for use with an optical projecting system
US4332459A (en) * 1977-06-01 1982-06-01 Coulter Systems Corporation Plate making attachment for graphic art cameras
US5508790A (en) * 1994-09-07 1996-04-16 Indigo N.V. Photoreceptor sheet and imaging system utilizing same
US20140231880A1 (en) * 2011-09-29 2014-08-21 The Secretary Of State For Deffence Imaging sensor

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Publication number Publication date
JPS4938682Y1 (ref) 1974-10-23
FR2116064A5 (ref) 1972-07-07
DE2158234A1 (de) 1972-06-29

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