US3768036A - Device for producing stimulated infrared emission, an iraser, having a wavelength of approximately 10.6u by means of an electric discharge in a gas mixture consisting partly of carbonic acid gas, and electric discharge tube destined for such a device - Google Patents

Device for producing stimulated infrared emission, an iraser, having a wavelength of approximately 10.6u by means of an electric discharge in a gas mixture consisting partly of carbonic acid gas, and electric discharge tube destined for such a device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3768036A
US3768036A US00304394A US3768036DA US3768036A US 3768036 A US3768036 A US 3768036A US 00304394 A US00304394 A US 00304394A US 3768036D A US3768036D A US 3768036DA US 3768036 A US3768036 A US 3768036A
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United States
Prior art keywords
electric discharge
discharge tube
approximately
iraser
wavelength
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00304394A
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English (en)
Inventor
W Witteman
Dam H Van
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US Philips Corp
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US Philips Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/14—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range characterised by the material used as the active medium
    • H01S3/22—Gases
    • H01S3/223—Gases the active gas being polyatomic, i.e. containing two or more atoms
    • H01S3/2232—Carbon dioxide (CO2) or monoxide [CO]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/02—Constructional details
    • H01S3/03—Constructional details of gas laser discharge tubes
    • H01S3/034—Optical devices within, or forming part of, the tube, e.g. windows, mirrors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/02—Constructional details
    • H01S3/03—Constructional details of gas laser discharge tubes
    • H01S3/036—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired gas pressure within the tube, e.g. by gettering, replenishing; Means for circulating the gas, e.g. for equalising the pressure within the tube
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof

Definitions

  • a device for producing stimulated infrared emission, an iraser, having a wavelength of approximately 10.6 by means of an electric discharge having a current density exceeding 15 m"/sq.cm in a gas mixture.
  • the mixture consists of carbonic acid gas, nitrogen, helium and water vapour in a discharge tube of a few metres length and which includes a plane parallel plate of germanium having a thickness of approxmately 2 mm as output coupling window and also as a reflector.
  • the discharge tube has a diameter of maximally 10 mm, the water vapour pressure is from 0.3 to 0.4 Torr and the ends of the discharge tube are connected by a narrow communication tube in which no discharge takes place.
  • the invention relates to a device for producing stimulated infrared emission, an iraser, having a wavelength of approximately 10.6 p. by means of an electric discharge having a current density exceeding mA/sq.cm in a gas mixture consisting of carbonic acid gas, nitrogen, helium and water vapour in a discharge tube of a few metres length, which comprises a plane parallel plate of approximately 2 mm thickness as output coupling window and also as a reflector.
  • the invention furthermore relates to an electric discharge tube destined for such a device.
  • a length of a few metres is to be understood to mean herein approximately 1% metres or more.
  • the large focal spot is the result of the fact that the iraser operates in multimode oscillation; in addition to the one possible purely longitudinal mode, simultaneously or alternately several transversal and radial modes occur which all have the same longitudial mode number.
  • the mode pattern is then displayed in the focal spot.
  • a device for producing stimulated infrared emission, an iraser, having a wavelength of approximately 10.6 p. by means of an electric discharge having a current density exceeding 15 mA/sq.cm in a gas mixture.
  • the mixture consists of carbonic acid gas, nitrogen, helium and water vapour in a discharge tube of a few metres length and which includes a plane parallel plate of germanium having a thickness of approximately 2 mm as output coupling window and also as a reflector.
  • the discharge tube has a diameter of maximally 10 mm, the water vapour pressure is from 0.3 to 0.4 torr and the ends of the discharge tube are connected by a narrow communication tube in which no discharge takes place.
  • the invention also uses the known addition of water vapour but with an optimum pressure which is higher.-
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically shows an iraser discharge tube according to the invention and FIG. 2 graphically shows the results obtained with said tube.
  • a quartz tube 1 has a length of 152 cm and an inside diameter of 10 mm.
  • 2 is a jacket vfor water cooling.
  • 3 is a concave reflector which is provided at its surface with a gold layer, radius of curvature 240 cm.
  • 4 is a flat germanium plate, thickness 2 mm.
  • 5 and 6 are platinum electrodes in side tubes.
  • 7 is a communication tube, inside diameter 3 mm, between the side tubes. 8
  • the gas filling consists of 2 torr C0 4 torr N 8 torr He and 0.4 torr H O.
  • a discharge current of 10 to 35 mA through-the tube in which the operating voltage'varies from 19 to 18 kV, a beam 9 emerges with a wavelength of approximately 10.6 p. and an intensity of well over 30 to 60 Watt, the mode pattern is displayed in the focused beam for the single mode occurs at the measured points being shown in FIG. 2.
  • this pattern is a dot of the TEM mode, so a purely axial mode; at the higher current intensity this is an assembly of two circle sectors of the TEM mode, the first transversal mode.
  • a focal spot was obtained of 7.10 sq.mm, hence a radiation intensity of 0.8 MW per sq.cm, 8 times as high as in the known devices.
  • a device for producing stimulated infrared emission having a wavelength of approximately 10.6 mi crons comprising a discharge tube including a germanium plate output coupling window disposed at one end thereof, said plate also serving as a planar reflector,
  • said discharge tube containing a gas mixture consisting of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, helium and water vapor, said discharge tube having a length to diameter factor not in excess of the ratio of the discharge length to the discharge tube diameter, said tube having a length of at least 1.5 meters and a maximum diameter of mm, said length to diameter ratio and the strong mutual competition at the aforementioned high current density range in said gas mixture of longitudinal, radial, and
  • Patent No. 376-8Q3'6 Ba-tied ctober 23, 1973 Inventor (s) wInHEmUs JACOBUS 'WIT'I'EMAN etal It iscev rti fie'd that error appears in the aboveidentified patent and that saidLet pers Patentare hereby corrected as shown below:

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
US00304394A 1968-05-09 1972-11-07 Device for producing stimulated infrared emission, an iraser, having a wavelength of approximately 10.6u by means of an electric discharge in a gas mixture consisting partly of carbonic acid gas, and electric discharge tube destined for such a device Expired - Lifetime US3768036A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6806545.A NL165340C (nl) 1968-05-09 1968-05-09 Inrichting voor het opwekken van gestimuleerde infraroodemissie met een golflengte van ongeveer 10,6 mu bevattende middelen voor het instand houden van een elektrische ontlading in een gedeeltelijk uit kool- zuurgas bestaand gasmensel.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3768036A true US3768036A (en) 1973-10-23

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US00304394A Expired - Lifetime US3768036A (en) 1968-05-09 1972-11-07 Device for producing stimulated infrared emission, an iraser, having a wavelength of approximately 10.6u by means of an electric discharge in a gas mixture consisting partly of carbonic acid gas, and electric discharge tube destined for such a device

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3768036A (xx)
DE (1) DE1921145C3 (xx)
FR (1) FR2008129A1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1230914A (xx)
NL (1) NL165340C (xx)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4017767A (en) * 1973-12-10 1977-04-12 Ball Leonard M Laser lightning rod system
US7146659B2 (en) 2002-08-02 2006-12-12 Mattson Jr Roy W Hydromassage antimicrobial whirlpool bathtub

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3337379A1 (de) * 1983-10-14 1985-04-25 Heinz Kettler Metallwarenfabrik Gmbh & Co, 4763 Ense Staender fuer sonnenschirme o.dgl.
DE3345264A1 (de) * 1983-12-14 1985-06-27 Brueninghaus Hydraulik Gmbh, 7240 Horb Drehmomenten-regeleinrichtung fuer eine verstellbare hydropumpe
US4672625A (en) * 1984-03-30 1987-06-09 Spectra-Physics, Inc. Methods and apparatus for maximizing the power output of a gas laser
US4615034A (en) * 1984-03-30 1986-09-30 Spectra-Physics, Inc. Ultra-narrow bandwidth optical thin film interference coatings for single wavelength lasers
FR2709000B1 (fr) * 1993-08-12 1995-11-03 Seres Ste Etud Real Equip Spec Procédé et dispositif de mesure de taux de gaz partiel exhalé dans l'haleine.

Non-Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Belousova et al. Sou. Phys. Tech. Phys., 12, (8), February 68, (orig. Russian, 37 (8), pp. 1519 1526, August 67) pp. 1104 1109 *
Knudsen et al., Sperry Eng. Rev., 19, (1), June 66 pp. 27 31 TL589.A1 568 *
Kogelnik et al. Proc. IEEE, February 1962, p. 220 tk5700D. *
Peterson et al. Applied Optics, 5, (6), June 66, pp. 985 991. *
Witteman, IEEE J. Quantum Electronics, QE 2, (9), September, 1966, pp. 375 378 QC 447I7 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4017767A (en) * 1973-12-10 1977-04-12 Ball Leonard M Laser lightning rod system
US7146659B2 (en) 2002-08-02 2006-12-12 Mattson Jr Roy W Hydromassage antimicrobial whirlpool bathtub

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2008129A1 (xx) 1970-01-16
NL165340C (nl) 1981-03-16
DE1921145A1 (de) 1969-11-20
NL6806545A (xx) 1969-11-11
DE1921145B2 (de) 1979-02-15
DE1921145C3 (de) 1979-10-11
GB1230914A (xx) 1971-05-05
NL165340B (nl) 1980-10-15

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