US3766390A - Target for neutron production in accelerator installations - Google Patents

Target for neutron production in accelerator installations Download PDF

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Publication number
US3766390A
US3766390A US00170431A US3766390DA US3766390A US 3766390 A US3766390 A US 3766390A US 00170431 A US00170431 A US 00170431A US 3766390D A US3766390D A US 3766390DA US 3766390 A US3766390 A US 3766390A
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United States
Prior art keywords
target
hydride
hydrogen
means according
layer
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00170431A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Fabian
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Nukem GmbH
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Nukem GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3766390A publication Critical patent/US3766390A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H6/00—Targets for producing nuclear reactions

Definitions

  • 14MeV neutrons are formed if deuterium fired at tritium becomes T(d,n)I-Ie
  • the deuterium becomes an ionized gas in the vacuum, the tritium is added in solid form as the hydride.
  • tritium carriers there are used metals or metal compounds whose hydrides have a high hydrogen content. The number of neutrons produced depends upon how many tritium atoms are hit by the deuteron stream in their penetration of the target. Since the effective cross section of the T-D reaction is extremely small only a fraction of the deuterium fired at the target is used for the production of neutrons. The preponderant portion of the deuterium becomes embedded in the target.
  • the described mechanism of production requires that deuterium is increasingly accumulated in the target with progressive irradiation time.
  • the target already is present as saturated hydride, i.e., is laden with tritium, and additionally during the period of the irradiation hydrogen is introduced as deuterium, hydrogen must necessarily escape from the target. This loss of hydrogen becomes existant as a mixture of tritium and deuterium and results in the target being depleted of tritium and consequently a decrease in the neutron yield.
  • the object of the invention is the production of a target whose life is increased considerably by providing a hydride accumulator laterally of the target material from which the tritium is fed by heating the target material.
  • the supply is carried out over a hydrogen conductor, especially palladium, which produces a compound with the accumulator material and the target layer.
  • target materials there can be used for example titanium hydride, scandium hydride, erbium hydride, Yttrium hydride, while as the accumulator there is employed uranium hydride or titan hydride.
  • the target can be set up on an hydrogen impermeable support, e.g., copper, molybdenum, wolfram, aluminium in order to obtain a removal of the heat occuring during the firing of the target.
  • an hydrogen impermeable support e.g., copper, molybdenum, wolfram, aluminium
  • the single figure of the drawings is a cross sectional view of the apparatus.
  • a cooling channel 4 for the flow of cooling water.
  • the copper body 2 is secured to a connecting piece 5 which is connected with the irradiation tube 7 of the accelerator by way of sealing gasket 6.
  • the deuterium stream 8 enters hereby in the direction of the arrows on the target layer 1.
  • a hydride accumulator 9 preferably made of uranium hydride.
  • This hydride body is surrounded by a heater 10 which can be heated by an electric heating means, e. g., from a 220 volt source.
  • a thermocouple 11 In order to measure the temperature in the heated body there is provided a thermocouple 11 and to measure the temperature of the target there is provided a thermocouple 12.
  • a target means for the production of neutrons comprising a hydride accumulator located laterally of the target and means for heating said hydride accumulator to provide tritium therefrom including a metallic hydrogen conductor between the back of the target and the hydride accumulator and contacting both of them providing a direct solid contact between them.
  • a target means comprising a hydrogen impermeable body having a widened portion, a target layer located in a portion of said body, a hydride accumulator located laterally of the target layer inside the widened portion of said body and a hydrogen conductor layer located laterally of the target layer inside said body and connecting said hydride accumulator with said target layer and means for heating said hydride accumulator.
  • said hydrogen impermeable body is a copper body and said hydrogen conductor layer is palladium.
  • a target means according to claim 6 whrein the hydride accumulator is uranium hydride.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
US00170431A 1970-08-27 1971-08-10 Target for neutron production in accelerator installations Expired - Lifetime US3766390A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19702042538 DE2042538A1 (de) 1970-08-27 1970-08-27 Target zur Neutronenerzeugung in Beschleunigungsanlagen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3766390A true US3766390A (en) 1973-10-16

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ID=5780890

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00170431A Expired - Lifetime US3766390A (en) 1970-08-27 1971-08-10 Target for neutron production in accelerator installations

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3766390A (en:Method)
BE (1) BE771775A (en:Method)
DE (1) DE2042538A1 (en:Method)
FR (1) FR2104127A5 (en:Method)
GB (1) GB1285430A (en:Method)
LU (1) LU63777A1 (en:Method)
NL (1) NL7110409A (en:Method)
SE (1) SE382277B (en:Method)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4568509A (en) * 1980-10-10 1986-02-04 Cvijanovich George B Ion beam device
FR2635912A1 (fr) * 1988-08-26 1990-03-02 Sodern Dispositif de tube electronique scelle regenerable
WO1991017546A1 (en) * 1990-05-09 1991-11-14 Mayer Frederick J Resonant direct nuclear reactions for energy and tritium production
WO1993005516A1 (en) * 1991-08-28 1993-03-18 Southern California Edison Producing heat from a solute and crystalline host material

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3104260C2 (de) * 1981-02-07 1984-03-01 Brown Boveri Reaktor GmbH, 6800 Mannheim Einrichtung zur Speicherung von Wasserstoff als Metallhydrid

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2943239A (en) * 1954-06-29 1960-06-28 Schlumberger Well Surv Corp Method and apparatus for renewing targets
US2951945A (en) * 1954-05-26 1960-09-06 Schlumberger Well Surv Corp Renewable target
US3240970A (en) * 1960-11-25 1966-03-15 Philips Corp Method and apparatus for replenishing hydrogen in a neutron generator
US3320422A (en) * 1963-10-04 1967-05-16 Nra Inc Solid tritium and deuterium targets for neutron generator
US3646348A (en) * 1968-08-08 1972-02-29 Commissariat Energie Atomique Neutron-emitting tritiated target having a layer containing tritium and a passive support with an intermediate barrier

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2951945A (en) * 1954-05-26 1960-09-06 Schlumberger Well Surv Corp Renewable target
US2943239A (en) * 1954-06-29 1960-06-28 Schlumberger Well Surv Corp Method and apparatus for renewing targets
US3240970A (en) * 1960-11-25 1966-03-15 Philips Corp Method and apparatus for replenishing hydrogen in a neutron generator
US3320422A (en) * 1963-10-04 1967-05-16 Nra Inc Solid tritium and deuterium targets for neutron generator
US3646348A (en) * 1968-08-08 1972-02-29 Commissariat Energie Atomique Neutron-emitting tritiated target having a layer containing tritium and a passive support with an intermediate barrier

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4568509A (en) * 1980-10-10 1986-02-04 Cvijanovich George B Ion beam device
FR2635912A1 (fr) * 1988-08-26 1990-03-02 Sodern Dispositif de tube electronique scelle regenerable
EP0359303A1 (fr) * 1988-08-26 1990-03-21 Societe Anonyme D'etudes Et Realisations Nucleaires - Sodern Dispositif de tube électronique scellé régénérable
US5103134A (en) * 1988-08-26 1992-04-07 U.S. Philips Corporation Reconditionable particle-generating tube
WO1991017546A1 (en) * 1990-05-09 1991-11-14 Mayer Frederick J Resonant direct nuclear reactions for energy and tritium production
WO1993005516A1 (en) * 1991-08-28 1993-03-18 Southern California Edison Producing heat from a solute and crystalline host material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE771775A (fr) 1971-12-31
NL7110409A (en:Method) 1972-02-29
FR2104127A5 (en:Method) 1972-04-14
SE382277B (sv) 1976-01-19
LU63777A1 (en:Method) 1972-01-06
GB1285430A (en) 1972-08-16
DE2042538A1 (de) 1972-03-16

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