US3761277A - Silver halide emulsion containing a sulpho substituted disulphide as stabilizer - Google Patents
Silver halide emulsion containing a sulpho substituted disulphide as stabilizer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3761277A US3761277A US00106290A US3761277DA US3761277A US 3761277 A US3761277 A US 3761277A US 00106290 A US00106290 A US 00106290A US 3761277D A US3761277D A US 3761277DA US 3761277 A US3761277 A US 3761277A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- silver halide
- emulsion
- compounds
- sulpho group
- halide emulsion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- -1 Silver halide Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 59
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title abstract description 57
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 38
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title abstract description 38
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 title description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 35
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 150000003839 salts Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical group [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene Substances C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- ODPJQZNJZWLTJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydrotriazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-5-one Chemical compound O=C1N=CC2=NNNC2=N1 ODPJQZNJZWLTJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 3
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver bromoiodide Chemical compound [Ag].IBr ZUNKMNLKJXRCDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- INVVMIXYILXINW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-1h-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-one Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)N2NC=NC2=N1 INVVMIXYILXINW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004133 Sodium thiosulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- SJOOOZPMQAWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].BrCl Chemical compound [Ag].BrCl SJOOOZPMQAWAOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IFVYHJRLWCUVBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl thiocyanate Chemical compound C=CCSC#N IFVYHJRLWCUVBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002180 anti-stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- AWDBHOZBRXWRKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapotassium;iron(6+);hexacyanide Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+6].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] AWDBHOZBRXWRKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTULJCFJIIAAIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-sulfobenzoyl)oxycarbonylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O VTULJCFJIIAAIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PLSXZQYORNDPSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[4-[[4-[(2-sulfobenzoyl)amino]phenyl]disulfanyl]phenyl]carbamoyl]benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound S(=O)(=O)(O)C1=C(C(=O)NC2=CC=C(C=C2)SSC2=CC=C(C=C2)NC(C2=C(C=CC=C2)S(=O)(=O)O)=O)C=CC=C1 PLSXZQYORNDPSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaniumyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MERLDGDYUMSLAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-aminophenyl)disulfanyl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1SSC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 MERLDGDYUMSLAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LUENVHHLGFLMFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-sulfophenyl)disulfanyl]benzenesulfonic acid Chemical group C1=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C1SSC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 LUENVHHLGFLMFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVZNYBLDPDNNST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-3-[(2-methyl-5-sulfophenyl)disulfanyl]benzenesulfonic acid Chemical group S(=O)(=O)(O)C=1C=C(C(=CC1)C)SSC1=C(C=CC(=C1)S(=O)(=O)O)C WVZNYBLDPDNNST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTBFKMDOQMQYPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n,4-n-diethylbenzene-1,4-diamine;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCN(CC)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 XTBFKMDOQMQYPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002284 Cellulose triacetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021612 Silver iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002494 Zein Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000933336 Ziziphus rignonii Species 0.000 description 1
- NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N [(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-diacetyloxy-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-triacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O1)OC(C)=O)COC(=O)C)[C@@H]1[C@@H](COC(C)=O)O[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H]1OC(C)=O NNLVGZFZQQXQNW-ADJNRHBOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MPLZNPZPPXERDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(diethylamino)-2-methylphenyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[NH+](CC)C1=CC=C(N)C(C)=C1 MPLZNPZPPXERDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMJDEXCUIQJLGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(methylamino)phenyl] hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CNC1=CC=C(OS(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 QMJDEXCUIQJLGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HTKFORQRBXIQHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N allylthiourea Chemical compound NC(=S)NCC=C HTKFORQRBXIQHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001748 allylthiourea Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940105329 carboxymethylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- WTNULKDCIHSVKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-2-ol Chemical class C1=CC=CC2=NC(O)=CN21 WTNULKDCIHSVKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002731 mercury compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940068984 polyvinyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940045105 silver iodide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bisulfate Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])(=O)=O WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005019 zein Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940093612 zein Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/06—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
- G03C1/34—Fog-inhibitors; Stabilisers; Agents inhibiting latent image regression
- G03C1/346—Organic derivatives of bivalent sulfur, selenium or tellurium
Definitions
- Light-sensitive silver halide emulsions which comprise a disulphide compound of the formula:
- A is a sulpho group or a sulpho group carrying substituent
- the sulpho group beingin acid or salt form, and R is hydrogen or a substitutent.
- the emulsion has improved stability and fogging characteristics.
- This invention relates to photographic materials, more particularly" to light-sensitive silver halide emulsions comprising compounds having fog-inhibiting or stabilizing properties.
- R stands for hydrogen or asubstitutent such as alkyl, halogen, alkoxy and sulpho in acid or salt form,
- Na0aSS-SS0s.Na 311 Hail NaO;S- s-ssoiNa SOaNa I OONH s- Q Q 1.
- Compounds 1, 2 and 3 can be prepared according to the method described by H. A. Smith, G. Doughthy and G.
- the compounds according to the present invention are generally incorporated into the silver halide emulsion layer of the light-sensitive material.
- the way in which the compounds of use according to the invention are added to the emulsions is not critical and the addition can be made during no matter what step of emulsion preparation, they can be added before or after the emulsion has been optically sensitized, preferably just before coating of the emulsion on a suitable support such as for example paper, glass or film.
- the compounds of the invention can also be incorporated into another water-permeable colloid layer of the photographic material, e.g. a gelatin antistress layer or intermediate layer, which is in water-permeable relationship with the said emulsion layer.
- a gelatin antistress layer or intermediate layer which is in water-permeable relationship with the said emulsion layer.
- the compounds of use according to the present invention may be incorporated into any type of light-sensitive material comprising a silver halide emulsion e.g. an X ray or other nonspectrally sensitized emulsion, a silver halide emulsion of use in diffusion transfer processes for the production of silver images, an orthochromatic, panchromatic and infrared-sensitive emulsion etc. They may be incorporated into high speed negative material as well as into rather low speed positive materials.
- Various silver salts may be used as light-sensitive salt e.g. silver bromide, silver iodide, silver chloride, or mixed silver halides e.g. silver chlorobromide or silver-bromo-iodide.
- antifoggants of use according to the present invention are particularly suitable for use in silver halide ma- .terials intended for colour photography, for example,
- the silver halides can be dispersed in the common hydrophilic colloids such as gelatin, casein, zein, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose, alginic acid, etc. gelatin being, however, favoured.
- the common hydrophilic colloids such as gelatin, casein, zein, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethylcellulose, alginic acid, etc. gelatin being, however, favoured.
- the amount of compound according to the present invention employed in the light-sensitive silver halide material depends on the particular type of emulsion and the desired effect and can vary within very wide limits. The optimum amount to be added is best determined for each particular type of emulsion by trial.
- the most suitable concentration of compound according to the present invention is generally comprised between 0.005 millimole and 1 millimole, preferably between 0.01 millimole and 0.25 millimole per mole of silver halide.
- the light-sensitive emulsions may be chemically as well as optically sensitized. They may be chemically sensitized by effecting the ripening in the presence of small amounts of sulphur containing compounds such as allyl thiocyanate, allyl thiourea, sodium thiosulphate, etc.
- the emulsions may also be sensitized by means of reductors for instance tin compounds as described in our British patent specification 789,823 and small amounts of noble metal compounds such as gold, platinum, palladium, iridium, ruthenium and rhodium.
- the emulsions may also comprise compounds which sensitize the emulsion by development acceleration for example alkylene oxide polymers.
- alkylene oxide polymers may be of various types.
- Various derivatives of alkylene oxides may be used to sensitize the silver halide emulsions e.g. alkylene oxide condensation products as described among others in US. patent specifications 2,531,832 and 2,533,990 in UK. patent specifications 920,637, 940,051, 945,340 and 991,608 and in Belgian patent specification 648,710.
- stabilizers for instance heterocyclic nitrogen containing thioxo compounds such as benzothiazoline-Z-thione and l-phenyl-n -tetrazoline- 5-thione, mercury compounds such as those described in Belgian patent specifications 524,121 and 677,337 and in UK. Pat. Nos. 1,173,609 and 1,194,401 and compounds of the hydroxytriazolo-pyrimidine type (hydroxyazaindolizines) such as 5-methyl-7-hydroxy-s-triazolo[1,5-a] pyrimidine particularly in extreme storage and development circumstances.
- heterocyclic nitrogen containing thioxo compounds such as benzothiazoline-Z-thione and l-phenyl-n -tetrazoline- 5-thione
- mercury compounds such as those described in Belgian patent specifications 524,121 and 677,337 and in UK. Pat. Nos. 1,173,609 and 1,194,401 and compounds of the hydroxytriazolo-pyrimidine type (hydroxyazaind
- addenda such as hardening agents, coating aids, plasticizers, colour couplers, developing agents and optical sensitizers can be incorporated into the emulsion in the usual way.
- EXAMPLE 1 A conventional photographic gelatino silver bromoiodide emulsion (4.5 mole percent iodide) comprising per kg. an amount of silver halide equivalent to 50 g. of silver nitrate was divided into four portions. To three of these portions one of the compounds according to the invention was added in a concentration of A; millimole per kg. of emulsion. Then the emulsions were coated on a conventional support and dried.
- the values of speed, gradation and fog of the materials formed were determined shortly after preparation and after incubation for 5 days at 57 C. and 34% relative humidity. The values obtained are listed in the table below.
- the values I and II given for the speed are relative values corresponding with density 0.1 above fog and density 1 above fog respectively; the speed of the fresh comparison material comprising no compound according to the invention is given the value 100.
- Borax 20 Anhydrous potassium bromide 15 Anhydrous sodium bisulphate 4.2 Potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) Water to make 1 litre.
- the material is rinsed with water for 5 min. and fixed in an aqueous solution of 200 g. of sodium thiosulphate per litre.
- the emulsion is coated on a cellulose triacetate support and then overcoated, with a gelatin antistress layer. After exposure of the material formed, through a grey wedge havinga constant of 0.15 the material is colourprocessed using 2-amino-5-diethylamino-toluene hydrochloride as colour-developing agent.
- the values given for the speed are relative values corresponding with density 1 above fog; the speed of the fresh material comprising no compound of the invention is given the value 100.
- a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion comprising as an antifogging and stabilizing agent a disulphide compound corresponding to the following general formula:
- A stands for a sulpho group or a sulpho group carrying substitutent, the sulpho group being in acid or salt form, and R stands for hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, alkoxy, or a sulpho group in the acid or salt form;
- said disulphide compound being present in an amount Sufiicient to inhibit fogging or improve the stability of said emulsion, said amount being from about 0.005 to 1 millimole per mole of silver halide.
- a photographic element comprising a support coated with water-permeable colloid layers including at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer, wherein one of said layers comprises an antifoggant or stabilizer corresponding to the following general formula:
- A stands for a sulpho group or a sulpho group carrying substitutent, the sulpho group being in acid or salt form, and
- R stands for hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, alkoxy, or a sulpho group in the acid or salt form
- said antifoggant or stabilizer being present in an amount suflicient to inhibit fogging or improve the stability of said emulsion, said amount being from about 0.005 to 1 millimole per mole of silver halide.
- a photographic element according to claim 8 wherein said element also comprises a hydroxytriazolo-pyrimidine stabilizer.
- a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion useful in colour photography comprising a colour-forming coupler and as an antifogging and stabilizing agent a disulphide compound corresponding to the following general formula:
- A stands for a sulpho group or a sulpho group carrying substitutent, the sulpho group being in acid or salt form, and
- R stands for hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, alkoxy, or a sulpho group in the acid or salt form
- said disulphide compound being present in an amount sufiicicnt to inhibit fogging or improve the stability of said emulsion, said amount being from about 0.005 to l millimole per mole of silver halide.
- a light-sensitive silver halide emulsion comprising a hydroxytriazolopyrimidine stabilizer and as an antifogging and stabilizing agent a disulphide compound corresponding to the following general formula:
- A stands for a sulpho group or a sulpho group carrying substituent, the sulpho group being in acid or salt form, and
- R stands for hydrogen, alkyl, halogen, alkoxy, or a sulpho group in the acid or salt form
- said disulphide compound being present in an amount sufficient to inhibit fogging or improve the stability of said emulsion, said amount being from about 0.005 to 1 millimole per mole of silver halide.
- hydroxytriazolopy'rimidine is 5-methyl-7-hydroxy-s-triazolo[ 1,5-a] pyrimidine.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB166470 | 1970-01-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3761277A true US3761277A (en) | 1973-09-25 |
Family
ID=9725904
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00106290A Expired - Lifetime US3761277A (en) | 1970-01-13 | 1971-01-13 | Silver halide emulsion containing a sulpho substituted disulphide as stabilizer |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3761277A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| JP (1) | JPS4926894B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| BE (1) | BE761404A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| DE (1) | DE2100622C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR2075417A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB1328806A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4740438A (en) * | 1986-12-10 | 1988-04-26 | Eastman Kodak Company | Organic disulfides as image dye stabilizers |
| US5356770A (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1994-10-18 | Eastman Kodak Compamn | Color photographic materials and methods with stabilized silver chloride emulsions |
| EP0566080A3 (en) * | 1992-04-16 | 1995-01-04 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic silver halide emulsions sensitized in the presence of organic dichalcogenides. |
| US5415992A (en) * | 1993-11-30 | 1995-05-16 | Eastman Kodak Company | Heat stabilized silver chloride photographic emulsions containing phosphine compounds |
| US5418127A (en) * | 1993-05-28 | 1995-05-23 | Eastman Kodak Company | Water-soluble disulfides in silver halide emulsions |
| US5443947A (en) * | 1993-11-30 | 1995-08-22 | Eastman Kodak Company | Heat stabilized silver chloride photographic emulsions containing thiosulfonate/sulfinate compounds |
| US5601970A (en) * | 1995-01-03 | 1997-02-11 | Eastman Kodak Company | Photographic elements exhibiting improved stability |
| US5652090A (en) * | 1996-03-15 | 1997-07-29 | Eastman Kodak Company | Silver halide photographic elements containing dithiolone compounds |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS49146094U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1973-04-19 | 1974-12-17 |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2440110A (en) * | 1944-10-06 | 1948-04-20 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Stabilized silver halide emulsions |
-
1970
- 1970-01-13 GB GB166470A patent/GB1328806A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-12-23 JP JP45118522A patent/JPS4926894B1/ja active Pending
-
1971
- 1971-01-08 DE DE2100622A patent/DE2100622C2/de not_active Expired
- 1971-01-11 BE BE761404A patent/BE761404A/nl not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-01-11 FR FR7100715A patent/FR2075417A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-01-13 US US00106290A patent/US3761277A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4740438A (en) * | 1986-12-10 | 1988-04-26 | Eastman Kodak Company | Organic disulfides as image dye stabilizers |
| EP0271322A3 (en) * | 1986-12-10 | 1989-02-01 | Eastman Kodak Company | Organic disulfides as image dye stabilizers |
| EP0566080A3 (en) * | 1992-04-16 | 1995-01-04 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic silver halide emulsions sensitized in the presence of organic dichalcogenides. |
| US5356770A (en) * | 1992-05-29 | 1994-10-18 | Eastman Kodak Compamn | Color photographic materials and methods with stabilized silver chloride emulsions |
| US5418127A (en) * | 1993-05-28 | 1995-05-23 | Eastman Kodak Company | Water-soluble disulfides in silver halide emulsions |
| US5415992A (en) * | 1993-11-30 | 1995-05-16 | Eastman Kodak Company | Heat stabilized silver chloride photographic emulsions containing phosphine compounds |
| US5443947A (en) * | 1993-11-30 | 1995-08-22 | Eastman Kodak Company | Heat stabilized silver chloride photographic emulsions containing thiosulfonate/sulfinate compounds |
| US5601970A (en) * | 1995-01-03 | 1997-02-11 | Eastman Kodak Company | Photographic elements exhibiting improved stability |
| US5652090A (en) * | 1996-03-15 | 1997-07-29 | Eastman Kodak Company | Silver halide photographic elements containing dithiolone compounds |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1328806A (en) | 1973-09-05 |
| DE2100622A1 (de) | 1971-07-22 |
| DE2100622C2 (de) | 1983-12-15 |
| BE761404A (nl) | 1971-07-12 |
| JPS4926894B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1974-07-12 |
| FR2075417A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1971-10-08 |
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