US3759501A - Cyclonic smelting apparatus - Google Patents
Cyclonic smelting apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3759501A US3759501A US00207042A US3759501DA US3759501A US 3759501 A US3759501 A US 3759501A US 00207042 A US00207042 A US 00207042A US 3759501D A US3759501D A US 3759501DA US 3759501 A US3759501 A US 3759501A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- vessel
- mixture
- introducing
- set forth
- smelting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/12—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by gases
- C22B5/14—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by gases fluidised material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
Definitions
- a closed cylindrical vessel is disposed with its longitudinal axis substantially vertical and has a discharge ori- [52] US. Cl. 266/10, 75/9, 266/24 flee at its
- At least oncmeans is also provided for UNITED STATES PATENTS introducing a stream of copper-bearing material and an 1 817,414 4/1906 Brown 266/10 Oxygen-containing downwardly into the vessel 2,l94, t54 3/1940 Greenawalt. 266/10 along the axis thereof, so there is comingling of the tan- 2,503,555 4/1950 Lykken 75/9 gentially injected and the axially introduced materials.
- Heating means are provided for ailsing the temperature 2,930,687 3/1960 75/9 within the vessel sufficiently to induce autogeneous or Derham 75/9 partially autogeneous smelting reactions.
- a cyclonic apparatus for smelting increased amounts of particulate metal-bearing material and upgrading the metal-bearing feed material therein to a higher grade product in a single vessel.
- the apparatus is particularly effective in smelting and converting copper-bearing materials into a product of blister copper quality.
- the apparatus includes a closed cylindrical vessel disposed with its longitudinal axis substantially vertical and having a discharge orifice at the lower end thereof.
- the vessel preferably has its lower portion tapered inwardly to form a discharge orifice which is somewhat smaller vessel is preferably lined with refractory material and adapted to discharge downwardly into an appropriate receiving vessel.
- the apparatus has at least one means for injecting a pressurized stream of particulate metal-bearing material and an oxygen-bearing gas, tangentially into the vessel. If more than one such pressurized tangential stream is employed, it is preferred that the streams be injected at different levels from the top, and equidis tantly from each other around the circumference, of the vessel, thereby creating a downwardly directed vortical flow of material within the vessel.
- the apparatus also has means for injecting a stream of particulate copper-bearing material and oxygen-bearing gas axially into the vessel through the upper end thereof, thereby providing for input of additional particulate matter and for intimate contact, and comingling of such matter with the tangential feed streams.
- the axially directed stream of material is divided into at least two streams which flow into the vessel near the circumferential walls thereof.
- Such an arrangement provides for efficient interminglingof the material from the axially flowing stream with the material from the tangentially flowing feed stream, and also serves to diminish the degree of impingement of the tangentially flowing feed particles on the interior of the walls.
- Heating means is provided for raising the temperature of the interior of the vessel to a point at which autogeneous or partially autogeneous reactions of metal-bearing material with oxygen take place.
- Such autogeneous reaction smelts the metal-bearing particulate matter and converts the metal values contained therein to blister quality metal, as the material flows in a vortical path downwardly through the vessel.
- FIG. I is a view in perspective of the apparatus, showing the cylindrical vessel and tangential feed in- P FIG. 2, a longitudinal vertical section of the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 a transverse plan section of the apparatus taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2.
- a preferred embodiment of the inventive cyclonic apparatus for use with copperbearing material has an enclosed cylindrical vessel 10 constructed preferably of sheet steel 11 and lined with in diameter than the upper portion of the vessel.
- Vessel 10 may be constructed in sections and attached together by means of flanges 13 appropriately bolted or welded to form an air-tight seal.
- the vessel is disposed with its longitudinal axis substantially vertical, and may rest upon a receiving vessel 14, for collecting the processed blister quality copper and gangue materials which may flow from vessel 10.
- the lower portion 15 of the vessel 10 is preferably tapered inwardly to provide a discharge orifice 16 in the lower end of the vessel, which is smaller in diameter than the upper vessel portion.
- the top of the vessel is sealed by a refractory-lined cap 17 to prevent the escape of any gaseous matter which may be injected into, or formed within the vessel.
- means are provided for tangentially introducing two pressurized feed streams containing a mixture of particulate copper-bearing material, such as copper concentrates or ores, and oxygen gas.
- the means comprise a pair of feed pipes 18 and 19 which are attached to the circumferential walls of vessel and enter the vessel tangentially to the interior surface thereof. As shown in FIG. 3, the feed pipes 18, 19 are disposed on opposite sides of the vessel with feed pipe 18 entering the vessel on a plane below that of pipe 19.
- Such a configuration provides for an improved flow of material vortically within vessel 10 and enables greater amounts of material to be tangentially injected into the vessel for increased efficiency of operation.
- Each feed pipe 18, 19 has an oxygen lance 20, 21 with a pressure tip 22, 23 disposed concentrically within the feed pipe.
- the lance tip is preferably located at the junction of the horizontal feed pipe with a downwardly extending input line 24, 25 for introducing particulate copper-bearing material into the feed line.
- the lance tip is positioned to create a suction within the feed pipe to increase the flow of particulate matter into the vessel by the pressure of the oxygen gas from the lance.
- Each input line 24, 25 has a valving device 26, 27 therein for controlling the flow of particulate material into the feed line, and is connected in this embodiment to an overhead screw-type feeder 28, 2) for feeding particulate material to the apparatus.
- the injection means is adapted to utilize any pressurized oxygenbearing gas, such as air, oxygen-enriched air or pure oxygen itself.
- the tangential position of the feed pipes is adapted to provide vortical flow of the material within the interior of the vessel.
- the means for introducing the mixture of particulate matter and oxygen-bearing gas downwardly into vessel 10 corresponds in this embodiment to an axial feed pipe 30 connected at its upper end to a screw-type feeder 31 and having a valving device 32 for controlling the flow of particulate copper-bearing material therethrough.
- a valving device 32 for controlling the flow of particulate copper-bearing material therethrough.
- an oxygen lance 33 is attached to pipe 30 and is adapted to introduce oxygenbearing gas into the axial feed pipe to mix with the incoming particulate material.
- feed line 30 may be divided into two channels 34, 35 which enter vessel 10 through cap 17. If desired, one or more such inputs can be employed, and they can be placed at any desired location in cap 17.
- the channels near the circumferential walls of vessel 10, thereby enhancing the probability of increased comingling of the particulate matter from the axial feed pipe with the tangential feed.
- Such placement has the beneficial effect of reducing the impinging effect of the tangentially flowing particles against the interior surface of the vessel wall.
- the means for heating the vessel interior is shown in FIG. 2 as a downwardly-directed axial line 36 extending through cap 17 into the vessel.
- a gaseous fuel such as natural gas or the like, can be burned at the upper end of the vessel interior to raise the temperature sufficiently to induce an autogeneous or partially autogeneous reaction between the oxygen and copper-bearing material. If higher temperature increases are necessary, or if additional heat is required in the central reaction zone, additional heaters can be disposed along the length of the vessel.
- Cyclonic smelting apparatus for smelting and converting ore material, comprising in combination:
- a closed cylindrical vessel mounted with its longitudinal axis substantially vertical and having a discharge orifice at its lower end;
- the means for heating the mixture comprises at least one heater mounted at the upper end of the vessel.
- a method of smelting and converting ore material comprising introducing a pressurized feed stream of material into a closed cylindrical vessel mounted with its longitudinal axis substantially vertical and having a discharge orifice at its lower end, said feed stream containing a mixture of particulate, ore-bearing material and oxygen gas and being introduced tangentially into said vessel through its circumferential side, resulting in vortical flow of the mixture downwardly through the vessel; introducing a feed stream of material into said vessel through the upper end thereof for intimate contact with the vortically flowing mixture, this stream of material also containing particulate, ore-bearing material and oxygen gas and being introduced longitudinally of the vessel; heating the mixture of materials within the vessel to effect combined smelting and converting of the ore material; and discharging the so smelted and converted ore material through the said discharge orifice at the lower end of the vessel.
Abstract
Description
Claims (11)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US20704271A | 1971-12-13 | 1971-12-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3759501A true US3759501A (en) | 1973-09-18 |
Family
ID=22768973
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00207042A Expired - Lifetime US3759501A (en) | 1971-12-13 | 1971-12-13 | Cyclonic smelting apparatus |
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US (1) | US3759501A (en) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3915692A (en) * | 1972-10-28 | 1975-10-28 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Pyrometallurgical process for the treatment of solids, preferably metallurgical raw materials or intermediates |
US4017307A (en) * | 1973-09-25 | 1977-04-12 | Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft | Thermal method for the recovery of metals and/or metal combinations with the aid of a melting cyclone |
US4204836A (en) * | 1978-10-05 | 1980-05-27 | Instytut Przemyslu Maszyn Wiazacych Materialow Budowlanych | Cyclone furnace for intensive treatment or combustion of dispergated mineral raw materials |
US4666132A (en) * | 1983-10-03 | 1987-05-19 | Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft | Method and apparatus for the pyrometallurgical treatment of fine grained solids to produce molten products |
EP0499956A1 (en) * | 1991-02-13 | 1992-08-26 | Outokumpu Research Oy | Method and apparatus for heating and smelting pulverous solids and for volatilizing the volatile ingredients thereof in a suspension smelting furnace |
US5282883A (en) * | 1991-05-10 | 1994-02-01 | Kloeckner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag | Method and apparatus for the high-temperature treatment of fine-grained solids in a melting cyclone |
DE19500962A1 (en) * | 1994-02-09 | 1995-08-10 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Method and appts. for high-temperature treatment of fine-grained solids in a melting cyclone |
US5662860A (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1997-09-02 | Hoogovens Staal B.V. | Apparatus for producing molten pig iron by direct reduction |
EP2078704A1 (en) | 2008-01-14 | 2009-07-15 | Rockwool International A/S | Process and device for making mineral fibres |
US20110232333A1 (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2011-09-29 | Rockwool International A/S | Process and apparatus for making mineral fibres |
CN104848682A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-08-19 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Smelting furnace of molten bath |
US20170029967A1 (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2017-02-02 | Outotec (Finland) Oy | Method for producing cathode copper |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US817414A (en) * | 1905-10-24 | 1906-04-10 | Horace F Brown | Process of reducing ores. |
US2194454A (en) * | 1936-09-03 | 1940-03-19 | William E Greenawalt | Metallurgical process and apparatus |
US2503555A (en) * | 1943-09-25 | 1950-04-11 | Henry G Lykken | Ore conditioning and reduction process |
US2668107A (en) * | 1949-05-13 | 1954-02-02 | Int Nickel Co | Autogenous smelting of sulfides |
US2930687A (en) * | 1956-08-27 | 1960-03-29 | Falconbridge Nickel Mines Ltd | Roasting of ores |
US3271134A (en) * | 1962-08-20 | 1966-09-06 | Nat Smelting Co Ltd | Extraction of zinc |
US3674463A (en) * | 1970-08-04 | 1972-07-04 | Newmont Exploration Ltd | Continuous gas-atomized copper smelting and converting |
-
1971
- 1971-12-13 US US00207042A patent/US3759501A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US817414A (en) * | 1905-10-24 | 1906-04-10 | Horace F Brown | Process of reducing ores. |
US2194454A (en) * | 1936-09-03 | 1940-03-19 | William E Greenawalt | Metallurgical process and apparatus |
US2503555A (en) * | 1943-09-25 | 1950-04-11 | Henry G Lykken | Ore conditioning and reduction process |
US2668107A (en) * | 1949-05-13 | 1954-02-02 | Int Nickel Co | Autogenous smelting of sulfides |
US2930687A (en) * | 1956-08-27 | 1960-03-29 | Falconbridge Nickel Mines Ltd | Roasting of ores |
US3271134A (en) * | 1962-08-20 | 1966-09-06 | Nat Smelting Co Ltd | Extraction of zinc |
US3674463A (en) * | 1970-08-04 | 1972-07-04 | Newmont Exploration Ltd | Continuous gas-atomized copper smelting and converting |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3915692A (en) * | 1972-10-28 | 1975-10-28 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Pyrometallurgical process for the treatment of solids, preferably metallurgical raw materials or intermediates |
US4017307A (en) * | 1973-09-25 | 1977-04-12 | Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft | Thermal method for the recovery of metals and/or metal combinations with the aid of a melting cyclone |
US4204836A (en) * | 1978-10-05 | 1980-05-27 | Instytut Przemyslu Maszyn Wiazacych Materialow Budowlanych | Cyclone furnace for intensive treatment or combustion of dispergated mineral raw materials |
US4666132A (en) * | 1983-10-03 | 1987-05-19 | Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz Aktiengesellschaft | Method and apparatus for the pyrometallurgical treatment of fine grained solids to produce molten products |
EP0499956A1 (en) * | 1991-02-13 | 1992-08-26 | Outokumpu Research Oy | Method and apparatus for heating and smelting pulverous solids and for volatilizing the volatile ingredients thereof in a suspension smelting furnace |
US5282883A (en) * | 1991-05-10 | 1994-02-01 | Kloeckner-Humboldt-Deutz Ag | Method and apparatus for the high-temperature treatment of fine-grained solids in a melting cyclone |
DE19500962A1 (en) * | 1994-02-09 | 1995-08-10 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Method and appts. for high-temperature treatment of fine-grained solids in a melting cyclone |
DE19500962B4 (en) * | 1994-02-09 | 2004-09-09 | Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh | Method and device for high-temperature treatment of fine-grained solids in a melting cyclone |
US5662860A (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1997-09-02 | Hoogovens Staal B.V. | Apparatus for producing molten pig iron by direct reduction |
US20110232333A1 (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2011-09-29 | Rockwool International A/S | Process and apparatus for making mineral fibres |
EP2078704A1 (en) | 2008-01-14 | 2009-07-15 | Rockwool International A/S | Process and device for making mineral fibres |
US20170029967A1 (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2017-02-02 | Outotec (Finland) Oy | Method for producing cathode copper |
CN104848682A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-08-19 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Smelting furnace of molten bath |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: KENNECOTT CORPORATION Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:KENNECOTT COPPER CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004815/0016 Effective date: 19800520 Owner name: KENNECOTT CORPORATION, 200 PUBLIC SQUARE, CLEVELAN Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:KENNECOTT MINING CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004815/0063 Effective date: 19870320 Owner name: KENNECOTT MINING CORPORATION Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:KENNECOTT CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:004815/0036 Effective date: 19870220 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: GAZELLE CORPORATION, C/O CT CORPORATION SYSTEMS, C Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:RENNECOTT CORPORATION, A DE. CORP.;REEL/FRAME:005164/0153 Effective date: 19890628 |
|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: KENNECOTT UTAH COPPER CORPORATION Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:GAZELLE CORPORATION;REEL/FRAME:005604/0237 Effective date: 19890630 |