US3759317A - A heat exchanger - Google Patents

A heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US3759317A
US3759317A US00169268A US3759317DA US3759317A US 3759317 A US3759317 A US 3759317A US 00169268 A US00169268 A US 00169268A US 3759317D A US3759317D A US 3759317DA US 3759317 A US3759317 A US 3759317A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
water
air
heat
tubes
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00169268A
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English (en)
Inventor
Van Diepenbroek A Wibrandt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MORING AND STEENAART
Bronswerk Apparatenbouw BV
Original Assignee
MORING AND STEENAART
Bronswerk Apparatenbouw BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3759317A publication Critical patent/US3759317A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0041—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for only one medium being tubes having parts touching each other or tubes assembled in panel form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28B—STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS
    • F28B1/00—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser
    • F28B1/06—Condensers in which the steam or vapour is separate from the cooling medium by walls, e.g. surface condenser using air or other gas as the cooling medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D5/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, using the cooling effect of natural or forced evaporation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
    • Y10S165/90—Cooling towers

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A heat exchanger in which wherein a first fluid flows through heat-exchanging tubes and a second fluid flows around the heat-exchanging tubes, one of these fluids being a cooling fluid which withdraws heat from the other fluid, the cooling fluid being a gas supersaturated with water.
  • the cooling fluid is supplied by a device for supersaturating a gas, in particular air, with water.
  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger in which wherein a first fluid flows through heat-exchanging tubes and a second fluid flows around the heat exchanging tubes, one of these fluids being a cooling fluid which withdraws heat from the other fluid.
  • a cooling gas generally outside air, is used as the cooling fluid, the other fluid being lowered in temperature via the wall of the heat-exchanging tubes and/or, if a condensable gas is involved, is condensed as a result of the dissipation of heat.
  • the cooling capacity is closely related to the temperature of the cooling gas, i.e., to the temperature of the outside air.
  • the heat exchanger to be used will have to have particularly large dimensions, which, however, is highly uneconomical and will not be feasible in many circumstances.
  • the decreased size of the heat exhanger to be used generally does not outweigh the costs and the necessary additional space inherent in these arrangements for obtaining a decrease in the temperature of the cooling air. Accordingly, atmospheric air or water has been used almost exclusively as the cooling fluid.
  • the invention is characterized in that a gas supersaturated with water is used as the cooling fluid.
  • the invention specifically proposes the use of a cooling fluid constituted by air supersaturated with water.
  • a gas supersaturated with water, and specifically air supersaturated with water contains appreciably more water than the amount of water vapor contained in the gas, specifically air, at 100 percent relative humidity at the same temperature.
  • the excess water forms a mist which is so finely divided as to follow the flow of gas (air) entirely.
  • the probable cause of this phenomenon is an evaporation in this mist of water resulting from the flow of the cooling gas along the heat-exchanging tubes, producing such turbulence in the immediate vicinity of the heat exhanging tubes as to break the boundary layer, thus removing the adverse effect thereof upon the coefficient of heat transfer.
  • the size of the heat exchanger can be substantially reduced, resulting in great savings of costs and floor space, while a lower final temperature of the fluid to be cooled can be attained.
  • This heat exchanger is characterized in that the cooling fluid is supplied by means for supersaturating a gas, in particular air, with water.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of an embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section taken on line IIII in F IG. 1.
  • the drawing shows a heat exchanger comprising a purality of heat exchanging tubes 1, which bear outer ribs 2, mounted in a frame 3.
  • This frame 3 comprises a supply distribution chamber 4 and a discharge chamber 5 therebelow on one side and a reversing chamber 6 on the opposite side.
  • the fluid to be cooled and/or to be condensed passes through theinlet 7 into the supply distribution chamber 4 and flows through the upper row of heat-exchanging tubes 1, whereupon the direction of flow is reversed in the reversing chamber 6 and the lower row of heatexchanging tubes 1 is traversed.
  • the cooled and/or condensed fluid then reaches the discharge chamber 5 and is discharged through the outlet 8.
  • the frame 3 is supported by posts9 and is connected at its lower end to a funnel-shaped receptacle 10 which has an opening 11 in its bottom, wherein are positioned the outlets of two atomizing blowers 12 for supersaturating air with atomized water.
  • These blowers 12 are mounted side by side and may be of the type, for example, as described in British Patent Specification No. 750,559.
  • the atomizing blowers 12 are each driven by a belt 13 from an electric motor 14. The outside air is sucked, through intake openings 15 located on either side of each atomizing blower 12, into the blowers 12, where the air is supersaturated with water. To this end, water is sprayed under pressure through sprayers 16 disposed at the intake openings 15 of the blowers 12. This water is broken up to form a fine mist due to the special design of the impeller and the use of further provisions made in the blower casing. This mist is entrained by the current of air that emerges from the atomizing blowers 12. The water is fed to the sprayers 16 from a pipe 17 which contains a control cock 18. The water not taken along by the current of air can be drained from the atomizing blowers 12 through outlet pipes 19.
  • the supersaturated air flows around the heatexchanging tubes 1, causing heat to be withdrawn from the fluid to be cooled which flows through the heatexchanging tubes 1.
  • the outside air which is supersaturated with water possesses a temperature equal to the wet bulb temperature, which it retains for a prolonged period of time, despite the absorption of heat via the heat-exchanging tubes 1, because the mist of water evaporates in whole or in part.
  • the presence of the mist of water in the cooling air furthermore produces an increase in the coefficient of heat transfer, as explained hereinabove.
  • the absorption of heat by the supersaturated air while passing around the heat-exchanging tubes 1 can be very simply controlled by adjusting, with the aid of the control cock 18, the amount of water supplied per unit time, and thus the degree of supersaturation of the cooling air.
  • the heat exchanger can thus be adapted to the prevailing load.
  • the heat exchange can furthermore be regulated by changing the supply of air to the atomizing blowers 12, for example with the use of valves, or of whirl control, or of an adjustment of the speed of rotation of the impeller.
  • the supply of the fluid to be cooled to the inlet 7 naturally can also be made adjustable by using a bypass with an adjustable passage.
  • a small portion of the water entrained by the cooling air can fall downwardly during the passage of the cooling air from the atomizing blowers 12 to the heatexchanging tubes 1 as well as in the course of passing these heat-exchanging tubes 1. In such case, this water is collected in the funnel-shaped receptacle and is fed back to the atomizing blowers 12, where the water can flow away through the outlet pipes 19. Where required, the water discharged through the outlet pipes 19 can be recirculated at least in part. Also, at least part of the cooling air, having passed the heatexchanging tubes 1, can be collected and recirculated.
  • the invention is not restricted to the embodiment illustrated in the drawing, which may be varied in different manner within the scope of the invention. It is possible, for example, to use only one atomizing blower 12, or more than two atomizing blowers, while the heatexchanging tubes 1, which are horizontal in the embodiment shown, can also be arranged in vertical or inclined positions.
  • the supersaturated air can flow through rather than around the heat-exchanging tubes 1, in which case these heat-exchanging tubes 1 are preferably provided with internal ribs. in such case, the fluid which is to be cooled flows around the heat-exchanging tubes 1.
  • a heat exchanger comprising heat-exchanging tubes, means for supplying a first heated fluid to said tubes for flow therethrough, means for circulating a second cooling fluid around said heat-exchanging tubes, the means for supplying said cooling fluid including means for supersaturating air with water including means for inducing a flow of air to said tubes and means for finely dividing the water to follow the flow of air entirely, said means for inducing a flow of air to said tubes comprising a blower having air inlets at opposite ends thereof and an outlet facing said tubes, said means for finely dividing the water comprising sprayers located at said inlets and facing inwardly into said blower for spraying the water under pressure thereinto, said blower including an impeller facing said sprayer to break the water into a mist which is entrained in entirely in the air in superstiturated state.
  • a heat exchanger according to claim 1 wherein said air supersaturated with water flows around the heat-exchanging tubes, and comprising drainage means for water located below the means for supersaturating air with water.
  • a heat exchanger according to claim 1 wherein the means for supersaturating air with water comprises a control member for regulating the supply of water.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US00169268A 1970-08-10 1971-08-05 A heat exchanger Expired - Lifetime US3759317A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL707011801A NL148156B (nl) 1970-08-10 1970-08-10 Werkwijze voor het uitwisselen van warmte, alsmede warmteuitwisselaar ingericht voor toepassing van deze werkwijze.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3759317A true US3759317A (en) 1973-09-18

Family

ID=19810749

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00169268A Expired - Lifetime US3759317A (en) 1970-08-10 1971-08-05 A heat exchanger

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3759317A (fr)
JP (1) JPS545130B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE2139766A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1330744A (fr)
NL (1) NL148156B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4232729A (en) * 1978-06-01 1980-11-11 South African Coal, Oil & Gas Corp., Limited Air-cooled heat exchanger for cooling industrial liquids
US4840221A (en) * 1986-02-11 1989-06-20 Alsthom Device for ventilating rheostats and/or fluid radiators in a locomotive
US5404939A (en) * 1991-06-10 1995-04-11 Inter-City Products Corporation (Usa) Condensing unit using cross-flow blower

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5992323U (ja) * 1982-12-10 1984-06-22 松下電器産業株式会社 温水ボイラ−の燃焼装置

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4232729A (en) * 1978-06-01 1980-11-11 South African Coal, Oil & Gas Corp., Limited Air-cooled heat exchanger for cooling industrial liquids
US4840221A (en) * 1986-02-11 1989-06-20 Alsthom Device for ventilating rheostats and/or fluid radiators in a locomotive
US5404939A (en) * 1991-06-10 1995-04-11 Inter-City Products Corporation (Usa) Condensing unit using cross-flow blower
US5551508A (en) * 1991-06-10 1996-09-03 Inter-City Products Corporation (Usa) Condensing unit using cross-flow blower

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7011801A (fr) 1972-02-14
NL148156B (nl) 1975-12-15
DE2139766A1 (fr) 1972-02-17
JPS545130B1 (fr) 1979-03-14
GB1330744A (en) 1973-09-19

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