US3758746A - Hafnium electrode with inclusion used in an active medium - Google Patents
Hafnium electrode with inclusion used in an active medium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3758746A US3758746A US00887742A US3758746DA US3758746A US 3758746 A US3758746 A US 3758746A US 00887742 A US00887742 A US 00887742A US 3758746D A US3758746D A US 3758746DA US 3758746 A US3758746 A US 3758746A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- percent
- weight
- cathode
- amount
- hafnium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- VOOFFYWPORXSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Hf].[I] Chemical compound [Hf].[I] VOOFFYWPORXSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003818 basic metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007707 calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Hf+4] WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 lanthanides alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N lutetium atom Chemical compound [Lu] OHSVLFRHMCKCQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000320 mechanical mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052752 metalloid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002738 metalloids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/222—Non-consumable electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/26—Plasma torches
- H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
- H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
- H05H1/3442—Cathodes with inserted tip
Definitions
- An object of the present invention is to provide a cathode for electric arc processes in active media which is based on hafnium and comprises additions selected from a group comprising rare earths, alkali metals and alkaline earth metals and their oxides as well as transition elements of the IV, V, VI and VIII groups of the D. l. Mendeleev Table taken separately or in a combination.
- Active media are gaseous media which comprise components capable of reacting chemically with the cathode material at working temperatures, for example, gaseous media comprising oxygen or nitrogen.
- the invention can be used for plasma treatment of materials, particularly for cutting metals and metalloids, for welding, melting and surface fusion.
- the invention can also be used for heating active gases and their mixtures as well as for chemical and thermal surface treatment of materials, for example in nitriding, cementation and similar processes.
- the proposed cathode can be used in electric are light sources.
- the resistance of the cathode based on hafnium is also decreased under conditions of repeated short operating periods and at are current exceeding 400 amperes.
- An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above mentioned disadvantage.
- the main object of the invention is to provide such a cathode based on hafnium, which due to its chemical composition would have a higher resistance as compared to the known cathodes of the same type.
- the cathode for effecting electric arc processes in active media based on hafnium comprises additions of lanthanides alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and their oxides as well as additions of transition elements of the IV, V, VI and Vi] groups of the D.l.Mendeleev Table taken separately or in a combination.
- a composition comprising lanthanum 0.2-3.0 percent by weight, lanthanum oxide 0.1-3.0 percent by weight, rare earth metals 0.5-10.0 percent by weight, oxides of rare earth metals 0.1-3.0 percent by weight.
- lithium 0.05 to 0.5 magnesium 0.1 to 1.0
- barium 0.05 to 0.5 oxides of alkali metals and alkaline earths 0.5 to 3.0.
- hafnium as a basic metal of the cathode is associated with the fact that this metal has a high melting point low activity in the yield of the thermoeleetron emission and is capable of forming a film on the working surface of the cathode during its operation in an active medium.
- This film features a low permeability for the active components of the medium, and this fact eliminates reactive diffusion of the components of the medium into the cathode ensuring failureproof operation of the cathode.
- additions providing for formation of a film or layer on the working surface of the cathode during its operation, said film or layer containing hafnium, at least one of the components of the alloying additions and at least one of the components of the active medium.
- the additions can be included into the composition of the cathode both separately and in combination.
- the above-said alloying additions may be composed of additions of lanthanum, lanthanum oxides, rare earth metals, and rare earth metal oxides which contribute to refinement of the material of the cathode, i.e. refine the boundaries of the granules from harmful impurities and this, in turn, stops the boundary diffusion of the components of the medium.
- the lanthanum is taken in the amount 0.2 to 3.0 percent by weight
- lanthanum oxide is taken in the amount of 0.1 to 3.0 percent by weight
- rare earth metals are taken in the amount of 0.5 to 10.0 percent by weight.
- additions Due to high chemical activity of the abovementioned additions, the products of their interaction with the components of the active medium are included into the composition of the film or layer, thus increasing the forces of interatomic links therein, i.e. the chemical and mechanical strength of the film.
- the additions can be introduced either by means of producing limited solid solutions and chemical compounds or by means of producing mechanical mixtures or other compositions by the method of power metallurgy.
- additions of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals which due to the low intensity of the yield and high affinity with the components of the active medium. for example with oxygen, are included into the film composition, thus reducing the heat flow to the cathode.
- lithium is taken in the amount of 0.05 to 0.5 percent by weight
- magnesium is taken in the amount of 0.1 to 1.0 percent by weight
- barium is taken in the amount of 0.05 to 0.5 percent by weight
- oxides of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals are taken in the amount of 0.5 to 3.0 percent by weight.
- the above additions are introduced into the cathode compound at a high pressure, in which case the boiling point of the additions should be higher than 2,200C, i.e. the hafnium melting temperature.
- the cathode on the base of hafnium with additions of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or their oxides can also be made by the method of powder metallurgy.
- transition elements ofthe IV, V, VI and VII groups of the D.I.Mendeleev Table decrease the rate of diffusion of the cathode material (hafnium with additions) through the film (or layer) formed on the working surface of the cathode during its operation and also decrease the mechanical stresses on the boundary surface separating the material of the cathode and the film (or layer), thus aiding in a better coherence between the film (or layer) and the material of the cathode.
- the cathode built around hafnium with the above-said additions offers a higher resistance to heat shocks during repeated short operating periods.
- thorium is taken in the amount of 0.1 to 3.0 percent by weight
- niobium is taken in the amount of 1.0 to percent by weight
- tantalum is taken in the amount of 1.0 to 30 percent by weight
- molybdenum is taken in the amount of 0.3 to 2.5 percent by weight
- tungsten is taken in the amount of 0.5 to 15.0 percent by weight
- rhenium is taken in the amount of 0.5 to 20.0 percent by weight.
- the introduction of the above additions can be effected by means of producing limited solid solutions, and this relates to thorium, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, or by obtaining the predetermined properties in case of metals forming together with hafnium continuous solid solutions, (in case of using niobium and tantalum).
- EXAMPLE 1 The typical cathodes on the base of hafnium with additions of lanthanum, lanthanum oxide, rare earth metals or their oxides have the following compositions (percent by weight):
- composition No. 1 is a composition No. 1:
- composition No. 2
- lanthanum oxide 5 percent, lanthanum 1 percent, the rest being hafnium;
- composition No. 4
- rare earth metals 5 percent, the rest being iodine hafnium, in which case the rare earth metals, in turn, consists of cerium 60 percent, lanthanum 38 percent and 2 percent of rare earth metals from praseodymium to lutecium inclusive.
- the current density on the cathode was increased by means of reducing the diameter of the stabilizing nozzle of the plasma torch from 5 to 1 mm at a constant current and a constant consumption of plasma-forming gas or by increasing the cathode current to a value higher than 400 amperes at a constant diameter of the stabilizing nozzle and a constant consumption of plasma-forming gas or by increasing the consumption of plasmaforming gas to a value higher than 4,000 litres per hour at a constant current through the cathode and a constant diameter of the nozzle.
- the resistance of the above-described cathodes has increased by a factor of 1.5 to 2 as compared with the resistance of the cathode made of pure iodine hafnium.
- EXAMPLE 2 The typical cathodes on the base of hafnium with additions of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and their oxides have the following composition:
- composition No. 1 is a composition No. 1:
- composition No. 2
- the tests of the cathodes of the above-mentioned compositions have been carried out in plasma torches with diameters of the stabilizing nozzles l,2,3,4 and 5 mm.
- the active plasma-forming medium was taken in the form of one of the following gas mixtures whose components are taken in the following volume percentage;
- barium oxide 0.5 percent, the rest being iodine hafnium;
- composition No. 4
- the tests of the above-described cathodes have been carried out in electric arc plasma torches with magnetic stabilyzation of the arc.
- the active media were constituted by oxygenous plasma-forming mixtures of the following compositions (the components are taken in volume percentage).
- a decrease of the heat flow for 50 percent allowed the life of the cathode to be increased 1.5 times as high as before.
- EXAMPLE 3 The typical cathodes on the base of hafnium with additions of transition elements of the IV, V, VI and VIII, groups of the D.I.Mendeleev Table have the following compositions (percent by weight):
- Composition 1 is a composition of Composition 1:
- Composition 2 is a composition of Composition 2:
- Composition 3 is a composition of Composition 3:
- Composition 4 is a composition having Composition 4:
- molybdenum 1 percent, the rest being iodine hafnium.
- Composition 5 is a composition of Composition 5:
- composition 6 is a composition of Composition 6:
- One cutting operation was effected during 60 seconds, the interval between the operations was 15 seconds, the cutting length was within the range from 1,000 to 3,000 mm.
- a cathode having improved wear resistance operating in an electric arc process of repeated short operating periods in an active medium consisting essentially of nafnium and at least one additive selected from the group consisting of 0.1 to 3.0 percent by weight of thorium, 1.0 to 10 percent by weight of niobium, 1.0 to 30.0 percent by weight of tantalum; 0.3 to 2.5 percent by weight molybdenum: 0.5 to percent by weight of tungsten and 0.5 to 20.0 percent by weight of rhenium.
- a cathode operating in an electric arc process in an active medium said cathode being formed of a composition consisting essentially of hafnium and at least one addition which is a metal selected from the group consisting of rare earth metals, lithium, magnesium, barium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten and rhenium or a metal oxide selected from the group consisting of alkali metal oxides, alkaline earth metal oxides and rare earth metal oxides, said cathode forming on its working surface during operation thereof a film comprising hafnium, at least one of said additions and at least one component of said active medium.
- a cathode according to claim 2 in which a rare earth metal is present in the amount of 0.2 to 10.0 percent by weight.
- a cathode according to claim 2 in which an oxide of a rare earth metal is present in the amount of 0.1 to 3.0 percent by weight.
- a cathode according to claim 2 in which lithium is taken in the amount of 0.05 to 0.5 percent by weight.
- a cathode according to claim 2 in which magnesium is taken in the amount of 0.1 to 1.0 percent by weight.
- a cathode according to claim 2 in which barium is taken in the amount of 0.05 to 0.5 percent by weight.
- a cathode according to claim 2 in which the alkali metal oxide or alkaline earth metal oxide is present in the amount of 0.5 to 3.0 percent by weight.
- a cathode according to claim 2 in which thorium is present in the amount of 0.1 to 3.0 percent by weight.
- a cathode according to claim 2 in which tungsten is present in the amount of 0.5 to 15.0 percent by weight.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Solid Thermionic Cathode (AREA)
- Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SU691297701A SU353494A1 (ru) | 1969-01-08 | 1969-01-08 | Катод дл электродуговых процессов в активных средах |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3758746A true US3758746A (en) | 1973-09-11 |
Family
ID=20444354
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00887742A Expired - Lifetime US3758746A (en) | 1969-01-08 | 1969-12-23 | Hafnium electrode with inclusion used in an active medium |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3758746A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR2027900A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| GB (1) | GB1297970A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| SE (1) | SE346719B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| SU (3) | SU353496A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3930139A (en) * | 1974-05-28 | 1975-12-30 | David Grigorievich Bykhovsky | Nonconsumable electrode for oxygen arc working |
| DE2545495A1 (de) * | 1974-10-10 | 1976-04-22 | Vni Pk I T I Elektroswarotschn | Lichtbogen-plasmabrenner |
| EP1126751A1 (fr) * | 2000-02-18 | 2001-08-22 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Procédé et installation de travail à l'arc plasma avec gaz à teneurs contrôlées en O2 et N2 |
| WO2015048648A1 (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-02 | Hypertherm, Inc. | Plasma torch electrode materials and related systems and methods |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE426215B (sv) * | 1978-05-11 | 1982-12-20 | Vni Pk I Tech Inst Elektrosvar | Icke-smeltande elektrod for plasmabagsvetsning och forfarande for framstellning derav |
-
1969
- 1969-01-08 SU SU691297701K patent/SU353496A1/ru active
- 1969-01-08 SU SU691297701A patent/SU353494A1/ru active
- 1969-01-08 SU SU691297701D patent/SU353495A1/ru active
- 1969-12-15 GB GB1297970D patent/GB1297970A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-12-23 US US00887742A patent/US3758746A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1969-12-29 FR FR6945272A patent/FR2027900A1/fr active Pending
-
1970
- 1970-01-07 SE SE00130/70A patent/SE346719B/xx unknown
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3930139A (en) * | 1974-05-28 | 1975-12-30 | David Grigorievich Bykhovsky | Nonconsumable electrode for oxygen arc working |
| DE2545495A1 (de) * | 1974-10-10 | 1976-04-22 | Vni Pk I T I Elektroswarotschn | Lichtbogen-plasmabrenner |
| EP1126751A1 (fr) * | 2000-02-18 | 2001-08-22 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Procédé et installation de travail à l'arc plasma avec gaz à teneurs contrôlées en O2 et N2 |
| FR2805192A1 (fr) * | 2000-02-18 | 2001-08-24 | Air Liquide | Procede et installation de travail a l'arc plasma avec gaz a teneurs controlees en o2 et n2 |
| US6407358B2 (en) | 2000-02-18 | 2002-06-18 | L′Air Liquide, Societe Anonyme a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour l′Etude et l′Exploitation des Procedes Georges Claude | Process and unit for plasma-arc working with a gas having controlled O2 and N2 contents |
| WO2015048648A1 (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2015-04-02 | Hypertherm, Inc. | Plasma torch electrode materials and related systems and methods |
| US9516738B2 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2016-12-06 | Hypertherm, Inc. | Plasma torch electrode materials and related systems and methods |
| EP3053418B1 (en) | 2013-09-30 | 2021-05-19 | Hypertherm, Inc. | Plasma torch electrode materials and related systems and methods |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE1963151B2 (de) | 1977-03-17 |
| FR2027900A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1970-10-02 |
| SE346719B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1972-07-17 |
| SU353496A1 (ru) | 1980-05-05 |
| SU353494A1 (ru) | 1980-05-05 |
| DE1963151A1 (de) | 1970-07-23 |
| GB1297970A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1972-11-29 |
| SU353495A1 (ru) | 1980-05-05 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US3734480A (en) | Lamellar crucible for induction melting titanium | |
| US3930139A (en) | Nonconsumable electrode for oxygen arc working | |
| US1501266A (en) | Arc-welding electrode | |
| US3076085A (en) | High current non-consumable hollow electrode | |
| US4678718A (en) | Process and usage of ceriated tungsten electrode material | |
| US2902587A (en) | Arc welding process and apparatus | |
| ES442956A1 (es) | Un metodo de soldadura electrica de arco protegido con gas, de gran intensidad de corriente. | |
| US3758746A (en) | Hafnium electrode with inclusion used in an active medium | |
| US2886454A (en) | Process for the manufacture of metallic carbides | |
| US2909642A (en) | Means and method for deep flux arc welding | |
| US3231332A (en) | Electrodes for electric discharge apparatus | |
| US6265687B1 (en) | Method of using a ternary gaseous mixture in the plasma projection of refractory materials | |
| EP0651065A1 (en) | Tungsten-base electrode material | |
| US2906857A (en) | Gas shielded arc cleaning | |
| US3138453A (en) | Tungsten electrodes | |
| JPS6064792A (ja) | 高速サブマ−ジア−ク溶接用焼成型フラツクス | |
| US5196273A (en) | Tantalum carbide composite materials | |
| US2867713A (en) | Gas shielded arc cutting | |
| US4810851A (en) | Method of constantly restoring an electrode during plasma treatment of materials | |
| US3163744A (en) | Non-consumable arc-melting and arc-welding electrodes | |
| US3062947A (en) | Electrode | |
| US2695945A (en) | Refractory metal electrode for inert gas-shielded arc welding | |
| US2695946A (en) | Inert gas-shielded arc welding electrode | |
| JPH01166887A (ja) | プラズマアーク発生トーチ用ノズル | |
| SU484957A1 (ru) | Сварочна проволока |