US3755109A - Electrolysis of alkali metal chlorides - Google Patents
Electrolysis of alkali metal chlorides Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3755109A US3755109A US00136213A US3755109DA US3755109A US 3755109 A US3755109 A US 3755109A US 00136213 A US00136213 A US 00136213A US 3755109D A US3755109D A US 3755109DA US 3755109 A US3755109 A US 3755109A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- mercury
- alkali metal
- electrolysis
- cell
- aqueous solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910000497 Amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229940041669 mercury Drugs 0.000 description 31
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229940060038 chlorine Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 235000017168 chlorine Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 235000008645 Chenopodium bonus henricus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000138502 Chenopodium bonus henricus Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000443 hydrochloric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011167 hydrochloric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/34—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
- C25B1/36—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in mercury cathode cells
- C25B1/42—Decomposition of amalgams
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/34—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
- C25B1/36—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in mercury cathode cells
Definitions
- the cell potential should be at an optimumelow, he. the distance between* the anodes and the'mercury film shouldbe'assmall and' above all as uniform as possible. Itis-unfavor-able if; owing to local variations in the thlCkHBSSlOf the mercury layer, the mean distance betweenanode and cathode hasto bemarkedly increased. such' an uneven distribution of mercury may result in the mercury film being split apartand thenhydrogen will: be formedas mentioned above.
- the present invention has as an objectthe prevention of the felty coating on the bottom of the cells in'the electrolysis of alkali metal chloridesaccording to the amalgam process.
- Treatment of the mercury according to this invention is carried out after it has left the decomposer and before it enters the electrolytic cell. or inside the latter. It may be carried out for example in packed towers into which the two liquids (mercury and the solution containingchlorine or ferric chloride) ar introduced. The treatment may also be carried out inside the electrolytic cell itself, for example by appropriate subdivision of the same.
- the treatment is carriedfurtl'ien-there-is' a risk that mercury may be dissolved in-appreciable-quanfi ties.
- the' iron content-inthe recyclecl' mer cury is notallowed'to rise'above aboutOlO I to 0:02pm centby weight, thefelt'formationreferredto above-can'- be'reliably avoided;
- Thedurationof the" treatment ac-- cording to the'invention will" naturally depend on: the amountof'mercury tobet'reated and thusdepends oh' thesize of the electrolytic-cell; lt'amountsas-a rirle'to l to 1 '0 percent'of the residence time of the-mercury'in the electrolytic cell;
- Chlorine containin'g brine havingthe highest possib'le content of activechlorineisadvantageously-used as-tliechlorinewontaining liquidi lron chlbride is also used in theform ofa-solution of-the highest possib le" concentra' tion'to' which" it'is advantageous to add from ol5 tb 15% byweight'of-HCI.
- v 1 The following Example illustrates the "invention? EXAMPLE a. 4'cubic meters per'hourof-m'ercur'y (5'4141 tons) is circulated througha" i kiloampere mercu y; cell.
- the chlorirre' content of the brine has been decreased to 50 mg of active chlorine per liter.
- the cell can be operated for months at a time without ⁇ the occurrence of the disturbances described bate.
- the aqueous solution contains about l8 g of Fe f per.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19702020480 DE2020480A1 (de) | 1970-04-27 | 1970-04-27 | Verfahren zur Elektrolyse von Alkalichloriden |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3755109A true US3755109A (en) | 1973-08-28 |
Family
ID=5769495
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00136213A Expired - Lifetime US3755109A (en) | 1970-04-27 | 1971-04-21 | Electrolysis of alkali metal chlorides |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3755109A (enExample) |
| BE (1) | BE766330A (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2020480A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2090647A5 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3542234A1 (de) * | 1985-11-29 | 1987-06-04 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren zur reinigung von kathoden bei der alkalichloridelektrolyse |
| US8440067B2 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2013-05-14 | Basf Se | Process for removing water from alkali metal amalgam |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3364128A (en) * | 1964-03-10 | 1968-01-16 | Sperry Sun Well Surveying Co | Method of purifying mercury and apparatus for using purified mercury |
| US3639118A (en) * | 1970-05-22 | 1972-02-01 | Dow Chemical Co | Process for purifying mercury |
-
1970
- 1970-04-27 DE DE19702020480 patent/DE2020480A1/de active Pending
-
1971
- 1971-04-21 US US00136213A patent/US3755109A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1971-04-23 FR FR7114565A patent/FR2090647A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-04-27 BE BE766330A patent/BE766330A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3364128A (en) * | 1964-03-10 | 1968-01-16 | Sperry Sun Well Surveying Co | Method of purifying mercury and apparatus for using purified mercury |
| US3639118A (en) * | 1970-05-22 | 1972-02-01 | Dow Chemical Co | Process for purifying mercury |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2090647A5 (enExample) | 1972-01-14 |
| BE766330A (fr) | 1971-10-27 |
| DE2020480A1 (de) | 1971-11-11 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US2389691A (en) | Electrolytic process for treating a ferrous sulphate solution | |
| US3779876A (en) | Process for the preparation of glyoxylic acid | |
| GB845511A (en) | Improvements relating to the production of metal hydroxides | |
| US2735810A (en) | Cathode | |
| US3737381A (en) | Apparatus for treating copper ores | |
| US2259418A (en) | Electrolytic manganese process | |
| US1007388A (en) | Electrolytic method of refining iron. | |
| GB1045630A (en) | Method of producing pure nickel by electrolytic refining and product thus obtained | |
| US2949412A (en) | Mercury-cell electrolysis of sodium chloride brine | |
| US1466126A (en) | Electrolytic refining or depositing of tin | |
| US2569329A (en) | Operation in electrolytic alkali chlorine cells | |
| US2810685A (en) | Electrolytic preparation of manganese | |
| US2270376A (en) | Process of treating alkali metal hydroxide solutions | |
| US883589A (en) | Electrolytic production of pure tin. | |
| US1587438A (en) | Electrolytic recovery of metals from solutions | |
| US2315830A (en) | Production of alkali metals and their amides | |
| US1878918A (en) | Manufacture of chromic acid | |
| US3508908A (en) | Production of aluminum and aluminum alloys | |
| US1432543A (en) | Art of making electrolytic iron | |
| US2546547A (en) | Electrodeposition of manganese | |
| US2673179A (en) | Process for the recovery of zinc | |
| US1173346A (en) | Method for the manufacture of chlorates and perchlorates of alkali metals. | |
| GB1141758A (en) | Electrolytic process for reclaiming spent pickling solutions | |
| US1264802A (en) | Electrolysis of sulfate of cadmium solutions. | |
| US700563A (en) | Process of extracting metals from ores and scrap containing same. |