US3753699A - Refractory metal alloys for use in oxidation environments - Google Patents

Refractory metal alloys for use in oxidation environments Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3753699A
US3753699A US00214351A US3753699DA US3753699A US 3753699 A US3753699 A US 3753699A US 00214351 A US00214351 A US 00214351A US 3753699D A US3753699D A US 3753699DA US 3753699 A US3753699 A US 3753699A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
percent
alloy
refractory metal
tungsten
vanadium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00214351A
Inventor
W Anderson
R Mendelson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Northrop Grumman Space and Mission Systems Corp
Original Assignee
TRW Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TRW Inc filed Critical TRW Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3753699A publication Critical patent/US3753699A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
    • C22C27/02—Alloys based on vanadium, niobium, or tantalum

Definitions

  • AppL 214 351 nadium, tungsten, aluminum, and molybdenum provides excellent resistance to air oxidation at high tem- [52] U 8 Cl perature.
  • This invention relates to new and improved refractory metal alloys. More specifically, this invention relates to refractory metal alloys having columbium and titanium as the principal alloy ingredients; hafnium, vanadium, tungsten, aluminum, and molybdenum are minor constituents.
  • Refractory alloys have been employed as castings, forgings, etc., at high temperatures.
  • Typical examples of refractory alloys are found in US. Pat. Nos. 3,086,859; 2,940,845; 2,991,197; 2,880,088; 2,819,960; 2,754,204; and 3,368,881.
  • an object of the present invention to provide a refractory alloy which may be employed as castings, forgings, etc., in a high temperature, oxidizing environment such as air.
  • the broad range of the components in the refractory alloy is as follows:
  • FIG. 1 shows a comparison of the oxidation resistance in air of composition'4 with that of a typical prior art refractory'metal alloy having the composition 45 at. Nb; 50 at. Zr; 5 at. Ti. lt is noted that the curve of composition 4 at l,300 C is well below that of the prior art alloy when exposed to air at 1,200 C; this represents a significant improvement in oxidation resistance.
  • composition 2 performs about as well at 1,300 C as the prior art alloy does at 1,200 C. Also, at l,300 (C, composition 3' performs significantly better than does the prior art alloy at 1,200" C.
  • the melting point of the present alloy was found to be in excess of 1,700' C; this is at least comparable to refractory metal alloys of the prior art.
  • alloy compositions of this invention are markedly superior to prior art alloys in terms of resistance to air oxidation at high temperature. This factor along with their high melting point renders them well suited for use at high temperatures in air as forgings,
  • a refractory alloy consisting of:
  • compositions of this invention are: 2.
  • a refractory alloy consisting of:

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

A refractory metal alloy comprising principally columbium and titanium with lesser amounts of hafnium, vanadium, tungsten, aluminum, and molybdenum provides excellent resistance to air oxidation at high temperature. The preferred composition range is as follows: Columbium 48-54 percent; Titanium 23-25 percent; Hafnium 9.7517.5 percent; Vanadium 2-8.75 percent; Tungsten 2.25-2.75 percent; Aluminum 1.8 percent; and Molybdenum 0.7 percent; all parts by weight.

Description

EXPOSURE TIME (HOURS) I United States Patent 1 1111 3,753,699 Anderson, Jr. et a1. Aug. 21, 1973 [54] REFRACTORY METAL ALLOYS FOR USE 2,940,845 6/1960 Jatfee et a1. 75/175.5 X [N OXlDATlON ENVIRONMENTS 2,822,268 2/1958 H1x 75/174 [75] Inventors: Anderson Primary Examiner-Charles N. Lovell Huntington Beach; Ralph Attorney-Daniel T Anderson et :al Mendelson, Westminster, both of Calif. [57] ABSTRACT [73] Asslgneez TRW lnc., Redondo Beach, Callf.
A refractory metal alloy compnsmg prmclpally colum- Filed; c- 1971 bium and titanium with lesser'amounts of hafnium, va- [21] AppL 214 351 nadium, tungsten, aluminum, and molybdenum provides excellent resistance to air oxidation at high tem- [52] U 8 Cl perature.
75 174 [51] Int. Cl. C221: 27/00 The preferred composltlon f as follows' [58] Field of Search 75/134, 174, 175.5 Columbwm 48-54 Percent; Tltanwm 23-25 Percent; Hafnium 9.75-l7.5 percent; Vanadium 2-8.75 [56] References Cited 1 percent; Tungsten 2.252.75 percent; Aluminum 1.8 UNITED STATES PATENTS percent; and Molybdenum 0.7 percent; all parts by ei ht. 3,028,236 4/1962 Wlodek et a1. 75/174 w g 3,317,314 5/1967 Wlodek et a1. 75/174 2 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures I O O 4 501- /o "5OG1- 0/6 2! 501 /0 Ti |200 C 8 O PRIOR ARI/ g ALLOY PRESENT ALLOY 1300 C E U fi o 4 O C SHEET 1 0F 2 PATENTEU M1821 I973 .DC A
R VI BTW RRL PA O O O O 8 6 4 2 EXPOSURE TIME (HOURS) BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to new and improved refractory metal alloys. More specifically, this invention relates to refractory metal alloys having columbium and titanium as the principal alloy ingredients; hafnium, vanadium, tungsten, aluminum, and molybdenum are minor constituents.
Refractory alloys have been employed as castings, forgings, etc., at high temperatures.
Typical examples of refractory alloys are found in US. Pat. Nos. 3,086,859; 2,940,845; 2,991,197; 2,880,088; 2,819,960; 2,754,204; and 3,368,881.
However, their use at high temperature in an oxidizing environment is limited since the amount of oxidation continues with increasing time. Eventually, this results in failure of the alloy as it becomes converted into an oxide.
It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a refractory alloy which may be employed as castings, forgings, etc., in a high temperature, oxidizing environment such as air.
Other objects will be disclosed from the description and graph to follow.
According to the invention, the broad range of the components in the refractory alloy is as follows:
Columbium 48-54 percent; Titanium 23-25 percent; Vanadium 2-8.75 percent; Hafnium 9.75-17.5 percent; Tungsten 2.25-2.75 percent; Aluminum 1.8 percent; and Molybdenum 0.7 percent; all parts by weight percent.
A narrower range of components is as follows:
the relationship between exposure times and weight gain (due to oxidation) of the alloy compositions at various oxidation temperatures in air.
FIG. 1 shows a comparison of the oxidation resistance in air of composition'4 with that of a typical prior art refractory'metal alloy having the composition 45 at. Nb; 50 at. Zr; 5 at. Ti. lt is noted that the curve of composition 4 at l,300 C is well below that of the prior art alloy when exposed to air at 1,200 C; this represents a significant improvement in oxidation resistance.
In FIG. 2, it will be observed that composition 2 performs about as well at 1,300 C as the prior art alloy does at 1,200 C. Also, at l,300 (C, composition 3' performs significantly better than does the prior art alloy at 1,200" C.
It will also be observed in P16. 2 that small changes in the alloy composition can be critical to oxidation resistance. For example, decreasingfthe concentration of columbium (from 49.5 to 46.5 percent) while increasing the vanadium content (from 5 .3 to 8.3 percent) results in an alloy having poor oxidation resistance.
The melting point of the present alloy was found to be in excess of 1,700' C; this is at least comparable to refractory metal alloys of the prior art.
Hence, the alloy compositions of this invention are markedly superior to prior art alloys in terms of resistance to air oxidation at high temperature. This factor along with their high melting point renders them well suited for use at high temperatures in air as forgings,
castings, etc.
We claim: l. A refractory alloy consisting of:
Columbium 49.5-52.5 percent; Titanium 23-25 per- Columbium 48-54 percent; Titanium 23-25 percent; cent; Hafnium l0-l6.5 percent; Vanadium 2.25-8.5 Hafnium 9.7S-17.5 percent; Vanadium 28.75 percent; Tungsten 2.5 percent; Aluminum 1.8 percent; percent; Tungsten 2.25-2.75 percent; Aluminum and Molybedenum 0.7 percent; all parts by weight per- 1.8 percent; and Molybdenum 0.7 percent; all parts cent. by weight.
Specific alloy compositions of this invention are: 2. A refractory alloy consisting of:
Composltlon Columbium Titanium Hatnlum Vanadium Tungsten Aluminum Molybdenum 1 52.5 24.0 10.2 s. 2.5 1.8 0.7 2 52.5 24.0 13.2 5.3 2.5 1.8 0,7 t 3 52. 5 24. 0 16. 2 2. a 2. 5 1. s o. 7 4 49. 5 24. 0 16.2 5. 3 2. 5 1. s 0.1
Columbium 49.5-52.5 percent; Titanium 23-25 percent; Hafnium 10-165 percent; Vanadium 2.25-8.5 percent; Tungsten 2.5 percent; Aluminum 1.8 percent and Molybdenum 0.7 percent; all
parts by weight.

Claims (1)

  1. 2. A refractory alloy consisting of: Columbium 49.5-52.5 percent; Titanium 23-25 percent; Hafnium 10-16.5 percent; Vanadium 2.25-8.5 percent; Tungsten 2.5 percent; Aluminum 1.8 percent and Molybdenum 0.7 percent; all parts by weight.
US00214351A 1971-12-30 1971-12-30 Refractory metal alloys for use in oxidation environments Expired - Lifetime US3753699A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US21435171A 1971-12-30 1971-12-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3753699A true US3753699A (en) 1973-08-21

Family

ID=22798729

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00214351A Expired - Lifetime US3753699A (en) 1971-12-30 1971-12-30 Refractory metal alloys for use in oxidation environments

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US3753699A (en)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0372322A1 (en) * 1988-12-05 1990-06-13 General Electric Company Hafnium containing niobium, titanium, aluminium high temperature alloy
EP0375953A1 (en) * 1988-12-22 1990-07-04 General Electric Company Hafnium containing high temperature alloy
US5026522A (en) * 1988-12-22 1991-06-25 General Electric Company Nb-Ti-Hf high temperature alloys
US5264293A (en) * 1992-01-02 1993-11-23 General Electric Company Composite structure with NbTiHf alloy matrix and niobium base metal
US5270122A (en) * 1992-01-02 1993-12-14 General Electric Company Composite structure with NbTiAl alloy matrix and niobium base metal reinforcement
US5273831A (en) * 1992-09-30 1993-12-28 General Electric Company Clad structural member with NbTiAlCr HF alloy cladding and niobium base metal core
US5277990A (en) * 1992-01-02 1994-01-11 General Electric Company Composite structure with NbTiAl and high Hf alloy matrix and niobium base metal reinforcement
US5296309A (en) * 1992-01-02 1994-03-22 General Electric Company Composite structure with NbTiAlCr alloy matrix and niobium base metal reinforcement
US5304427A (en) * 1992-07-02 1994-04-19 General Electric Company Composite structure with NBTIA1CRHF alloy matrix and niobium base metal reinforcement
US5306570A (en) * 1992-09-30 1994-04-26 General Electric Company Clad structural member with NbTiAl high Hf alloy cladding and niobium base metal core
US5316865A (en) * 1992-01-02 1994-05-31 General Electric Company Composite structure with NbTiAl low Hf alloy matrix and niobium base metal reinforcement
US5318859A (en) * 1992-09-30 1994-06-07 General Electric Company Clad structural member with NbTiAl alloy cladding and niobium base metal core
US5320911A (en) * 1992-09-30 1994-06-14 General Electric Company Clad structural member with NBTIALCR alloy cladding and niobium base metal core
US5366565A (en) * 1993-03-03 1994-11-22 General Electric Company NbTiAlCrHf alloy and structures
US5405708A (en) * 1992-09-30 1995-04-11 General Electric Company Clad structural member with NbTiHf alloy cladding and niobium base metal core
US5426001A (en) * 1992-09-30 1995-06-20 General Electric Company Clad structural member with NbTiAl low Hf alloy cladding and niobium base metal core
US5472794A (en) * 1994-06-27 1995-12-05 General Electric Company Composite structure with NbTiAlHfCrV or NbTiAlHfCrVZrC allow matrix and niobium base metal reinforcement
US5741376A (en) * 1996-05-09 1998-04-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force High temperature melting niobium-titanium-chromium-aluminum-silicon alloys
US8334642B2 (en) 2010-05-11 2012-12-18 Caterpillar Inc. Spark plug

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2822268A (en) * 1956-08-01 1958-02-04 Du Pont Compositions of matter
US2940845A (en) * 1958-02-24 1960-06-14 Kennecott Copper Corp Columbium-titanium base oxidationresistant alloys
US3028236A (en) * 1958-12-22 1962-04-03 Union Carbide Corp Columbium base alloy
US3317314A (en) * 1959-11-18 1967-05-02 Union Carbide Corp Columbium-base alloy

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2822268A (en) * 1956-08-01 1958-02-04 Du Pont Compositions of matter
US2940845A (en) * 1958-02-24 1960-06-14 Kennecott Copper Corp Columbium-titanium base oxidationresistant alloys
US3028236A (en) * 1958-12-22 1962-04-03 Union Carbide Corp Columbium base alloy
US3317314A (en) * 1959-11-18 1967-05-02 Union Carbide Corp Columbium-base alloy

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0372322A1 (en) * 1988-12-05 1990-06-13 General Electric Company Hafnium containing niobium, titanium, aluminium high temperature alloy
US5006307A (en) * 1988-12-05 1991-04-09 General Electric Company Hafnium containing niobium, titanium, aluminum high temperature alloy
EP0375953A1 (en) * 1988-12-22 1990-07-04 General Electric Company Hafnium containing high temperature alloy
US4956144A (en) * 1988-12-22 1990-09-11 General Electric Company Hafnium containing Nb-Ti-Al high temperature alloy
US5026522A (en) * 1988-12-22 1991-06-25 General Electric Company Nb-Ti-Hf high temperature alloys
US5264293A (en) * 1992-01-02 1993-11-23 General Electric Company Composite structure with NbTiHf alloy matrix and niobium base metal
US5270122A (en) * 1992-01-02 1993-12-14 General Electric Company Composite structure with NbTiAl alloy matrix and niobium base metal reinforcement
US5316865A (en) * 1992-01-02 1994-05-31 General Electric Company Composite structure with NbTiAl low Hf alloy matrix and niobium base metal reinforcement
US5277990A (en) * 1992-01-02 1994-01-11 General Electric Company Composite structure with NbTiAl and high Hf alloy matrix and niobium base metal reinforcement
US5296309A (en) * 1992-01-02 1994-03-22 General Electric Company Composite structure with NbTiAlCr alloy matrix and niobium base metal reinforcement
US5304427A (en) * 1992-07-02 1994-04-19 General Electric Company Composite structure with NBTIA1CRHF alloy matrix and niobium base metal reinforcement
US5306570A (en) * 1992-09-30 1994-04-26 General Electric Company Clad structural member with NbTiAl high Hf alloy cladding and niobium base metal core
US5273831A (en) * 1992-09-30 1993-12-28 General Electric Company Clad structural member with NbTiAlCr HF alloy cladding and niobium base metal core
US5318859A (en) * 1992-09-30 1994-06-07 General Electric Company Clad structural member with NbTiAl alloy cladding and niobium base metal core
US5320911A (en) * 1992-09-30 1994-06-14 General Electric Company Clad structural member with NBTIALCR alloy cladding and niobium base metal core
US5405708A (en) * 1992-09-30 1995-04-11 General Electric Company Clad structural member with NbTiHf alloy cladding and niobium base metal core
US5426001A (en) * 1992-09-30 1995-06-20 General Electric Company Clad structural member with NbTiAl low Hf alloy cladding and niobium base metal core
US5366565A (en) * 1993-03-03 1994-11-22 General Electric Company NbTiAlCrHf alloy and structures
US5472794A (en) * 1994-06-27 1995-12-05 General Electric Company Composite structure with NbTiAlHfCrV or NbTiAlHfCrVZrC allow matrix and niobium base metal reinforcement
US5741376A (en) * 1996-05-09 1998-04-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force High temperature melting niobium-titanium-chromium-aluminum-silicon alloys
US8334642B2 (en) 2010-05-11 2012-12-18 Caterpillar Inc. Spark plug

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3753699A (en) Refractory metal alloys for use in oxidation environments
JP2004052112A (en) Molybdenum alloy
US2669513A (en) Titanium base alloys containing aluminum and tin
Fiedler et al. The ternary system nickel-tungsten-carbon
US2977225A (en) High-temperature alloys
US2756489A (en) Metal alloy
US3259491A (en) Copper base alloys and process for preparing same
US2955937A (en) Oxidation resistant chromium alloy
US2798806A (en) Titanium alloy
US3150971A (en) High-temperature tungsten base alloys
US2469718A (en) Alloys
US3008823A (en) Titanium base alloy
US3918965A (en) Iridium-hafnium alloy
US3177076A (en) Forgeable high temperature cast alloys
US3811874A (en) Oxidation resistant iron base alloy
US2743174A (en) Uranium-titanium alloys
US3303024A (en) Nickel-base brazing alloys
US3595644A (en) Hafnium base alloy (cr-ai)
US3188206A (en) Columbium alloy
JP3280020B2 (en) High specific strength intermetallic compounds and alloys based on niobium or tantalum
US3152891A (en) High strength niobium-base alloys
US3341370A (en) Hafnium-containing columbium-base alloys
US3168380A (en) Columbium base alloys
US3622308A (en) Hafnium base alloy (iridium)
US3115407A (en) Multicomponent columbium alloys