US3753424A - Method and apparatus for supplying gaseous and liquid fuels to a dual-fuel engine - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for supplying gaseous and liquid fuels to a dual-fuel engine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3753424A
US3753424A US00198166A US3753424DA US3753424A US 3753424 A US3753424 A US 3753424A US 00198166 A US00198166 A US 00198166A US 3753424D A US3753424D A US 3753424DA US 3753424 A US3753424 A US 3753424A
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United States
Prior art keywords
engine
load
fuel
bore
supply
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00198166A
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English (en)
Inventor
D Haidvogel
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Steyr Daimler Puch AG
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Steyr Daimler Puch AG
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0684—High pressure fuel injection systems; Details on pumps, rails or the arrangement of valves in the fuel supply and return systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0602—Control of components of the fuel supply system
    • F02D19/0607—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0673—Valves; Pressure or flow regulators; Mixers
    • F02D19/0678—Pressure or flow regulators therefor; Fuel metering valves therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
    • F02D19/081—Adjusting the fuel composition or mixing ratio; Transitioning from one fuel to the other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
    • F02D19/10—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels peculiar to compression-ignition engines in which the main fuel is gaseous
    • F02D19/105—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels peculiar to compression-ignition engines in which the main fuel is gaseous operating in a special mode, e.g. in a liquid fuel only mode for starting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Definitions

  • An apparatus in which the gas flow controller and the fuel injection pump are permanently coupled for simultaneous adjustment.
  • a device is provided which is associated with the gas flow controller and which, when the adjusting member of the fuel injection pump is moved from a position correspnding to 70-80 percent of the full load of the engine to positions corresponding to an injection of larger amounts of fuel, will reduce the free area of flow in the gas flow controller or will maintain said free area of flow constant.
  • the device consists of a throttling pin, which is carried by the valve member of the spring-loaded valve which constitutes the gas flow controller, and said pin protrudes into the passage bore and from the valve member is gradually tapered and subsequently formed with an enlarged or cylindrical portion.
  • the above-mentioned object is accomplished by the method according to the invention in that during an initial increase of the load from a no-load condition only the amount of liquid fuel which is injected is increased, gaseous fuel is added only when a higher partial load range has been entered, and the gaseous fuel is added in a maximum proportion under about three-fourths of the full load on the engine. Hence, no gaseous fuel at all is added in the lowermost partial load range and only liquid fuel is supplied in said range. This operation surprisingly results in a much improved exhaust gas composition in said range. Tests have shown that particularly the proportion of unburnt hydrocarbons in the exhaust gas is much reduced.
  • the gaseous fuel may be added at a rapidly increasing rate during an increase of the load above about twothirds of the full load on the engine. This enables the provision of optimum conditions regarding the composition of the exhaust gas.
  • the gaseous fuel may be admixed at a gradually increasing rate above approximately the first one-third of the full load on the engine. This practice results in a higher economy and a lower consumption of liquid fuel whereas the composition of the exhaust gas is not substantially deteriorated.
  • the gas flow controller and the adjusting member of the fuel injection pump are also coupled for simultaneous adjustment and the gas flow controller consists of a spring-loaded valve, which is closed in the no-load condition and comprises a valve pin, which is carried by the valve member and protrudes into the passage bore.
  • the control pin comprises in known manner a cylindrical portion which adjoins the valve member and has a diameter which matches the passage bore, and a preferably conically tapered portion which adjoins said cylindrical portion, the cylindrical portion having a length which is at least as large as the stroke of the valve member from its no-load position to the position corresponding to approximately one-third of the full load on the engine.
  • the apparatus meets the requirement that the engine should be supplied only with liquid fuel in the lower partial load range. As soon as the tapered portion of the pin enters the passage bore, a supply of gas is enabled too and the real two-fuel operation begins.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view showing the entire apparatus
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the gas flow controller and FIGS. 20 to is show the gas flow controller in three other positions.
  • the adjusting member 1 of a conventional fuel injection pump 2 for supplying liquid fuel into a dual-fuel engine for vehicles consists of a lever, which by a linkage 3 is coupled to a gas flow controller 4. for simultaneous adjustment. Gas is supplied to the gas flow controller 4 through a conduit 5 from a suitable tank and through conduit 6 enters the induction manifold of the engine.
  • the adjusting member 1 of the fuel injection pump 2 is indirectly connected to the accelerator pedal.
  • the gas flow controller 4 comprises a valve member 9, which is forced by a spring '7 against a valve seat member 8 and to which the linkage 3 is connected.
  • the valve member 9 is provided with a valve pin 11, which protrudes into the passage bore 10 of the valve seat member 8 and which comprises a cylindrical portion 12 which adjoins the valve member and has a diameter matching the passage bore 10, and a conically tapered portion 13 adjoining the cylindrical portion 12.
  • the valve which is formed by the gas flow rate con-- troller 4 is closed in the no-load position shown in FIG. 2 so that the vehicle engine is then supplied only with liquid fuel. Because the cylindrical portion 12 of the pin has a diameter which matches the diameter of the bore 10, the flow of gas will be blocked until the position shown in FIG. 2a is reached, which corresponds to about two-thirds of the full load on the engine. Under about three-fourths of the full load (FIG. 2b), the gas flow rate reaches a maximum and remains constant thereafter until the full-load position shown in FIG. 20 has been reached. From the position shown in FIG. 2a to the position shown in FIG. 2b, the rate at which gas flows through the bore increases fairly rapidly owing to the conically tapered portion 13 of the valve pin.
  • the cylindrical portion 12 of the valve pin 11 might alternatively be succeeded by a conical portion 14 having an acute apex angle, and this conical portion might be succeeded by an end portion 15, such as is indicated by dash-dot lines in FIG. 2.
  • the gaseous fuel will be admixed at a gradually increasing rate during an increase of the load above about onethird of the full load on the engine.
  • a method of controlling the supply of a normally gaseous and a normally liquid fuel to a dual-fuel engine for vehicles after it has been started which comprises the steps of l. supplying only the liquid fuel to the engine under a no-load condition;
  • an apparatus for supplying a normally gaseous and a normally liquid fuel to a dual-fuel engine for vehicles which apparatus comprises a fuel injection pump operable to supply the liquid fuel to the engine, an adjusting member for controlling the rate of supply of the liquid fuel, a controller for controlling the gaseous fuel supply rate, the controller comprising means defining a gaseous fuel passage bore, a spring-biased valve member axially urged toward the bore to assume a closed position wherein the valve member adjoins the bore and shuts off the supply of the gaseous fuel through the bore, a valve pin carried by the valve member for protruding into the bore, and means operatively connecting the adjusting member to the valve member for moving the valve member away from the bore in response to a movement of the adjusting member corresponding to an increase of the engine load from a no-load condition, the improvement of the valve pin comprising a cylindrical portion adjoining the valve member and having a diameter matching the bore, the cylindrical valve pin portion having a length at least equal to the length of the stroke of the valve
  • an apparatus for supplying a normally gaseous and a normally liquid fuel to a dual-fuel engine for vehicles which comprises a fuel injection pump operable to supply the liquid fuel to the engine, an adjusting memher for controlling the rate of supply of the liquid fuel, a controller for controlling the gaseous fuel supply rate, the controller comprising means defining a gaseous fuel passage bore, a valve pin arranged to be moved into and out of the bore, and means operatively connecting the adjusting member to the valve pin for the movement thereof, the improvement of the valve pin comprising a cylindrical portion having a diameter matching the bore, the means connecting the adjusting member and valve pin being arranged to move the cylindrical valve pin portion into the bore to shut off any flow of the gaseous fuel through the bore when the adjusting member is in a position corresponding to a no-load condition of the engine, and to move the cylindrical valve pin portion entirely out of the bore in response to a movement of the adjusting member corresponding to an increase of the engine load to at least about onethird of the full engine load, and

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
US00198166A 1970-12-22 1971-11-12 Method and apparatus for supplying gaseous and liquid fuels to a dual-fuel engine Expired - Lifetime US3753424A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1151870A AT304172B (de) 1970-12-22 1970-12-22 Regelung des Mischungsverhältnisses bei Zweistoff-Fahrzeugmotoren und Vorrichtung zu dieser Regelung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3753424A true US3753424A (en) 1973-08-21

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00198166A Expired - Lifetime US3753424A (en) 1970-12-22 1971-11-12 Method and apparatus for supplying gaseous and liquid fuels to a dual-fuel engine

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3753424A (de)
AT (1) AT304172B (de)
AU (1) AU462488B2 (de)
FR (1) FR2119455A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1275387A (de)
IT (1) IT940585B (de)

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3895618A (en) * 1973-06-28 1975-07-22 Braun Anton Differential fuel supply system for internal combustion engines
US3905773A (en) * 1972-12-26 1975-09-16 Production Operators Inc System for supplying inert gas
EP0044743A1 (de) * 1980-07-23 1982-01-27 Ermino Tessari Mittel zum Umstellen eines Diesel-/Gasmotors
US4411243A (en) * 1980-02-29 1983-10-25 Daimler-Benz Ag Externally operated internal combustion engine
US4463734A (en) * 1982-05-14 1984-08-07 Akeroyd Richard T Dual fuel diesel engine
US4499885A (en) * 1982-11-02 1985-02-19 Weissenbach Joseph Supplemental system for fuel agency
US4520766A (en) * 1982-05-14 1985-06-04 Akeroyd Richard T Dual fuel valve
GB2166267A (en) * 1984-10-10 1986-04-30 Gaspower Int Fuel control system on duel fuel compression ingnition engine
US4754733A (en) * 1986-02-12 1988-07-05 Sulzer Brothers Limited Fuel injection device for reciprocating internal combustion engine
US5355854A (en) * 1993-03-12 1994-10-18 Aubee Thomas A Supplemental gaseous fuel system for a diesel engine
US6152197A (en) * 1996-06-24 2000-11-28 Gerardot; Nolan P. Motor fuel dispensing method
US6575147B2 (en) * 1999-02-25 2003-06-10 Go-Tec Internal combustion system adapted for use of a dual fuel composition including acetylene
US20040139943A1 (en) * 2003-01-17 2004-07-22 Kern Robert D. Method of controlling a bi-fuel generator set
US20070295288A1 (en) * 2006-06-22 2007-12-27 Wulff Joseph W Carbide supercell for dry acetylene generation and an internal combustion engine using the same
US20120085322A1 (en) * 2010-10-12 2012-04-12 Alfred Trzmiel Internal Combustion Engine as well as Retrofitting/Conversion Kit for such an Internal Combustion Engine
US20120085326A1 (en) * 2010-10-10 2012-04-12 Feng Mo Method and apparatus for converting diesel engines to blended gaseous and diesel fuel engines
US9016262B2 (en) 2010-11-24 2015-04-28 Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc Fuel injector connector device and method
US20150308357A1 (en) * 2012-12-06 2015-10-29 Schaeffler Engineering GmbH Engine control unit for a self-igniting internal combustion engine and method for operating a self-igniting internal combustion engine
US9752515B1 (en) 2017-04-03 2017-09-05 James A. Stroup System, method, and apparatus for injecting a gas in a diesel engine
US10927776B2 (en) * 2019-05-13 2021-02-23 Caterpillar Inc. Transient controller and method for dual fuel engine

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2441732A1 (fr) * 1978-11-14 1980-06-13 Transports Entr Cie Gle Fse Dispositif pour alimenter un moteur diesel partiellement par du gaz de petrole liquefie
GB2122681A (en) * 1982-06-28 1984-01-18 Maxwell Charles Washbourne Operating compression ignition engines on both gaseous and liquid fuels
GB8425577D0 (en) * 1984-10-10 1984-11-14 Flintheath Ltd Fuel control system

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2612145A (en) * 1951-11-07 1952-09-30 Worthington Corp Apparatus for automatically switching from gas fuel to oil fuel in dual fuel internalcombustion engines
US2767691A (en) * 1955-02-07 1956-10-23 Phillips Petroleum Co Dual-fuel engines and processes of operating same
US2781030A (en) * 1954-02-10 1957-02-12 Nordberg Manufacturing Co Dual fuel variable speed engine control
US2928382A (en) * 1957-10-10 1960-03-15 Schweizerische Lokomotiv Dual fuel internal combustion engine
US3443551A (en) * 1966-12-07 1969-05-13 Marvin T Laubach Diesel engine propane accessory

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2612145A (en) * 1951-11-07 1952-09-30 Worthington Corp Apparatus for automatically switching from gas fuel to oil fuel in dual fuel internalcombustion engines
US2781030A (en) * 1954-02-10 1957-02-12 Nordberg Manufacturing Co Dual fuel variable speed engine control
US2767691A (en) * 1955-02-07 1956-10-23 Phillips Petroleum Co Dual-fuel engines and processes of operating same
US2928382A (en) * 1957-10-10 1960-03-15 Schweizerische Lokomotiv Dual fuel internal combustion engine
US3443551A (en) * 1966-12-07 1969-05-13 Marvin T Laubach Diesel engine propane accessory

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3905773A (en) * 1972-12-26 1975-09-16 Production Operators Inc System for supplying inert gas
US3895618A (en) * 1973-06-28 1975-07-22 Braun Anton Differential fuel supply system for internal combustion engines
US4411243A (en) * 1980-02-29 1983-10-25 Daimler-Benz Ag Externally operated internal combustion engine
EP0044743A1 (de) * 1980-07-23 1982-01-27 Ermino Tessari Mittel zum Umstellen eines Diesel-/Gasmotors
US4463734A (en) * 1982-05-14 1984-08-07 Akeroyd Richard T Dual fuel diesel engine
US4520766A (en) * 1982-05-14 1985-06-04 Akeroyd Richard T Dual fuel valve
US4499885A (en) * 1982-11-02 1985-02-19 Weissenbach Joseph Supplemental system for fuel agency
GB2166267A (en) * 1984-10-10 1986-04-30 Gaspower Int Fuel control system on duel fuel compression ingnition engine
US4754733A (en) * 1986-02-12 1988-07-05 Sulzer Brothers Limited Fuel injection device for reciprocating internal combustion engine
US5355854A (en) * 1993-03-12 1994-10-18 Aubee Thomas A Supplemental gaseous fuel system for a diesel engine
US6152197A (en) * 1996-06-24 2000-11-28 Gerardot; Nolan P. Motor fuel dispensing method
US6575147B2 (en) * 1999-02-25 2003-06-10 Go-Tec Internal combustion system adapted for use of a dual fuel composition including acetylene
US20040139943A1 (en) * 2003-01-17 2004-07-22 Kern Robert D. Method of controlling a bi-fuel generator set
US6863034B2 (en) 2003-01-17 2005-03-08 Robert D. Kern Method of controlling a bi-fuel generator set
US20070295288A1 (en) * 2006-06-22 2007-12-27 Wulff Joseph W Carbide supercell for dry acetylene generation and an internal combustion engine using the same
US7607409B2 (en) 2006-06-22 2009-10-27 Wulff Joseph W Carbide supercell for dry acetylene generation and an internal combustion engine using the same
US20120085326A1 (en) * 2010-10-10 2012-04-12 Feng Mo Method and apparatus for converting diesel engines to blended gaseous and diesel fuel engines
US20120085322A1 (en) * 2010-10-12 2012-04-12 Alfred Trzmiel Internal Combustion Engine as well as Retrofitting/Conversion Kit for such an Internal Combustion Engine
US9016262B2 (en) 2010-11-24 2015-04-28 Intellectual Property Holdings, Llc Fuel injector connector device and method
US20150308357A1 (en) * 2012-12-06 2015-10-29 Schaeffler Engineering GmbH Engine control unit for a self-igniting internal combustion engine and method for operating a self-igniting internal combustion engine
US9752515B1 (en) 2017-04-03 2017-09-05 James A. Stroup System, method, and apparatus for injecting a gas in a diesel engine
US10161318B2 (en) 2017-04-03 2018-12-25 James A. Stroup System, method, and apparatus for injecting a gas in a diesel engine
US10927776B2 (en) * 2019-05-13 2021-02-23 Caterpillar Inc. Transient controller and method for dual fuel engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2119455A5 (de) 1972-08-04
IT940585B (it) 1973-02-20
GB1275387A (en) 1972-05-24
AT304172B (de) 1972-12-27
AU3677071A (en) 1973-06-14
AU462488B2 (en) 1975-06-26

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