US3753018A - Wall-stabilized high-pressure mercury and metal iodide vapour discharge lamp with outer envelope - Google Patents

Wall-stabilized high-pressure mercury and metal iodide vapour discharge lamp with outer envelope Download PDF

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Publication number
US3753018A
US3753018A US00160656A US3753018DA US3753018A US 3753018 A US3753018 A US 3753018A US 00160656 A US00160656 A US 00160656A US 3753018D A US3753018D A US 3753018DA US 3753018 A US3753018 A US 3753018A
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United States
Prior art keywords
outer envelope
neon
discharge vessel
lamps
pressure mercury
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00160656A
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English (en)
Inventor
L Beijer
A Driessen
C Jacobs
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US Philips Corp
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US Philips Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/24—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
    • H01J61/26—Means for absorbing or adsorbing gas, e.g. by gettering; Means for preventing blackening of the envelope
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/18—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H01J61/34—Double-wall vessels or containers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to wall-stabilised high-pressure mercury vapour discharge lamps having an ignition voltage of less than 500 volts and consisting of a quartz glass discharge vessel and an outer envelope encompassing this vessel, the dischargevessel containing in addition to mercury a mixture of neon and argon as well as iodide of at least one of the elements sodium, lithium, cadmium, thallium, indium, tin, dysprosium, gallium, lead and scandium.
  • the conventional wall-stabilized highpressure mercury vapour discharge lamps have been considerably improved as regards their output and light composition by introducing iodides of other metals into the discharge space and by constructing and operating the lamp in such a manner that intensive lines of the metals of the added iodides occur in the spectrum of the emitted light.
  • lamps may be manufactured in this manner which emit substantially white light and make a very satisfactory colour rendition possible.
  • the output has been brought to the very high values of from 90 to H lumens/Watt due to these steps.
  • sodium, lithium, cadmium, thallium, indium, tin, dysprosium and scandium is preferably used and in many cases more than one of these elements is present as an iodide in the discharge vessel. lf instead of or in addition to these elements lead and/or gallium is introduced into the discharge vessel an increase of the ultraviolet radiation is obtained.
  • an ignition gas is used in the discharge vessel, so as to decrease the ignition voltage.
  • the object is to bring the ignition voltage at any rate below 500 volts, because 500 volts is the lower limit of the so-called EHT range in many countries.
  • voltages of more than 500 volts all kinds of safety precautions are to be taken which render an installation of course more expensive.
  • argon was used for this purpose as an ignition gas at a pressure of, for example, to 40 Torr at C.
  • a known drawback of the use of neon in the quartz glass discharge vessel is that it must be surrounded by an outer envelope likewise containing a given quantity of neon. If this is not the case neon disappears through the wall of the discharge vessel with the result that the ignition voltage starts to increase again.
  • This necessity of an outer envelope is not a drawback in itself because the discharge vessels referred to herein must be surrounded anyway by an outer envelope which must be evacuated or filled with nitrogen so as to reduce the heat radiation of the discharge vessel in order to obtain and maintain a sufficient vapour pressure of the iodides therein.
  • Lamps having an evacuated outer envelope usually contain a getter, for example, barium so as to maintain the vacuum. Lamps in which neon must be present in the outer envelope for the above-mentioned reason must also contain nitrogen in the outer envelope because otherwise flash-over between the current supply wires occurs easily. In these types of lamps a great drawback occurs. lt is true that the lamps ignite at a sufiiciently low voltage even after hundreds of operating hours, but they extinguish immediately after inition. Such a phenomenon has never been observed in otherwise identical lamps which did not have additions of other elements and iodine in the discharge vessel.
  • a wall-stabilised highpressure mercury vapour discharge lamp having an ignition voltage of less than 500 volts consists of a quartz glass discharge vessel and an outer envelope encompassing this vessel, which discharge vessel contains in addition to mercury a mixture of neon and argon as well as iodide of at least one of the elements sodium, lithium, cadmium, thallium, indium, tin, dysprosium, scandium, gallium and lead and is characterized in that the space between the discharge vessel and the outerenvelope contains a mixture of nitrogen and neon and that a selective hydrogen getter is present in this space.
  • the neon-argon mixture in the discharge vessel is preferably composed of from 0.1 to 5.0 percent by volume of argon and from 99.9 to 95.0 percent by volume of neon.
  • the pressure of this mixture ranges from 10 to I00 torr at 20 C. The highest outputs are obtained at these values.
  • the outer envelope contains preferably such a quantity of nitrogen that the pressure at 20C is between and 400 torr.
  • the neon pressure in the outer envelope preferably ranges from 50 to 300 torr at 20 C. At these pressures the disappearance of neon into effect, it will now be described in detail, by way of example with reference to the accompanying diagrammatic drawing and a number of tests.
  • the drawing shows a lamp according to the invention intended for a load of 400 watts.
  • the lamp has a quartz glass discharge vessel 1 the two ends of which have pinches 2 and 3 in which the seals 4 and 5 are provided. These seals are connected within the discharge vessel 1 to the electrodes 6 and 7.
  • the current is applied to the electrodes 6 and 7 through the seals 4 and 5 and the wires 12 and 13.
  • the wires 12 and 13 constitute a bracket in whichthe discharge vessel 1 is suspended by means of the pinches 2 and 3.
  • the assembly of discharge vessel together with the bracket is present in an outer envelope 8 of hard glass one end of which has a pinch 9 through which the current supply wires 10 and 11 extend in a vacuum-tight manner.
  • the bracket l2, 13 is provided with resilient strips 14 and 15 by which the bracket is resiliently supported within the outer envelope 8.
  • a getter ring 16 containing zirconium metal is secured to the wire 13.
  • the discharge vessel 1 has an internal diameter of 15.5 mms and a content of 7.5 cubic cms. The distance between the electrodes is 41 mms.
  • the discharge vessel 1 contains a mixture of neon and 1 percent by volume of argon at a pressure of 40 torr. In addition to mercury the discharge vessel also includes the elements sodium, thallium and indium in the form of iodides.
  • the outer envelope is filled with nitrogen up to a pressure of 200 torr and neon up to a pressure of 80 torr. r
  • the ignition voltage of a plurality of lamps according to the invention having a construction and a filling as described above with reference to the drawing was measured at different instants during their active lifetime.
  • the measurements are summarized in column A of the Table below.
  • the lamps B are completely analogous to the lamps according to the invention (A) with the difference that the zirconium gettering in the outer envelope is absent.
  • the lamps C have a discharge vessel filled with argon up to a pressure of 20 torr and an evacuated outer envelope. Furthermore a barium getter is present in the outer envelopes of the lamps C.
  • the construction and filling of the lamps C is otherwise equal to that of the lamps A.
  • a bimetal strip may be secured to one of the current supply wires in the outer envelope of lamps according to the invention, which metal strip serves as an external ignition electrode and which in the cold condition engages the end of the discharge vessel near the electrode which is not connected to the said current supply wire.
  • the metal strip moves in such a manner that the contact with the wall of the discharge vessel is interrupted. This is necessary because it was found that the added elements present in the discharge vessel could disappear by electrolytical process through the quartz glass wall if in the hot condition a metal strip continued to engage the wall.
  • this metal strip relative to the nearest electrode, has a voltage which is equal to the operating voltage of the lamp.
  • lamps according to the invention for a load of 400 W and provided with the above-described ignition electrode could be ignited at the mains voltage of 220 V without using an ignition apparatus.
  • a wall-stabilised high-pressure mercury vapour discharge lamp having an ignition voltage of less than 500 volts and consisting of a quartz glass discharge vessel and a sealed outer envelope encompassing said vessel, which vessel contains in addition to mercury a mixture of neon and argon as well as iodide of at least one of the elements sodium, lithium, cadmium, thallium, indium, tin, dysprosium, gallium, lead and scandium, wherein the space between the discharge vessel and the outer envelope contains a mixture of nitrogen and neon and that a selective hydrogen getter is present in said space.

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  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
US00160656A 1970-07-31 1971-07-08 Wall-stabilized high-pressure mercury and metal iodide vapour discharge lamp with outer envelope Expired - Lifetime US3753018A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7011321A NL7011321A (xx) 1970-07-31 1970-07-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3753018A true US3753018A (en) 1973-08-14

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00160656A Expired - Lifetime US3753018A (en) 1970-07-31 1971-07-08 Wall-stabilized high-pressure mercury and metal iodide vapour discharge lamp with outer envelope

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3753018A (xx)
BE (1) BE770698A (xx)
CA (1) CA943614A (xx)
FR (1) FR2103731A5 (xx)
GB (1) GB1333272A (xx)
NL (1) NL7011321A (xx)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3895251A (en) * 1974-02-19 1975-07-15 Gte Sylvania Inc Arc discharge lamp having reduced starting voltage
US4020377A (en) * 1975-04-30 1977-04-26 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh High pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp
US4171498A (en) * 1976-12-06 1979-10-16 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh High pressure electric discharge lamp containing metal halides
US4199701A (en) * 1978-08-10 1980-04-22 General Electric Company Fill gas for miniature high pressure metal vapor arc lamp
US4333032A (en) * 1978-09-25 1982-06-01 Gte Products Corporation High pressure sodium lamp containing barium getter
US4481446A (en) * 1979-04-26 1984-11-06 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Metal vapor discharge lamp
US4622485A (en) * 1984-02-14 1986-11-11 Hitachi, Ltd. Discharge lamp with neon gas in outer tube
EP0321867A2 (de) * 1987-12-22 1989-06-28 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Hochdruckentladungslampe
US5164630A (en) * 1990-09-19 1992-11-17 Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh Single-based high-pressure discharge lamp
US5225738A (en) * 1990-12-14 1993-07-06 North American Philips Corporation Metal halide lamp with improved lumen output and color rendition
US6459192B1 (en) * 1999-07-27 2002-10-01 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Electric lamp
DE10143714C1 (de) * 2001-08-30 2002-12-19 Siemens Ag Lampe mit einem Lampenkörper und außen an diesem entlang geführter Leitungszuführung sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
US20050170182A1 (en) * 2002-08-20 2005-08-04 Honeywell International, Inc. High temperature oxidation inhibitors for carbon-carbon friction materials
US20100019642A1 (en) * 2005-09-14 2010-01-28 General Electric Company Gas-filled shroud to provide cooler arctube
US20110279010A1 (en) * 2010-05-13 2011-11-17 Eye Lighting International Of North America, Inc. Ruggedized lamp construction, and method
WO2015101953A1 (en) * 2014-01-06 2015-07-09 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Switchless quartz metal halide lamp for probe-start and pulse-start lighting systems

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3506295A1 (de) * 1985-02-22 1986-08-28 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH, 8000 München Kompakte hochdruckentladungslampe
US6586878B1 (en) 1999-12-16 2003-07-01 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Metal halide lamp with improved getter orientation
DE10101508A1 (de) * 2001-01-12 2002-08-01 Philips Corp Intellectual Pty Hochdruckentladungslampe

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2176134A (en) * 1936-03-27 1939-10-17 Gen Electric Electric gaseous discharge device
US3626229A (en) * 1970-04-29 1971-12-07 Gen Electric Jacketed alkali metal halide vapor lamp with getter

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2176134A (en) * 1936-03-27 1939-10-17 Gen Electric Electric gaseous discharge device
US3626229A (en) * 1970-04-29 1971-12-07 Gen Electric Jacketed alkali metal halide vapor lamp with getter

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3895251A (en) * 1974-02-19 1975-07-15 Gte Sylvania Inc Arc discharge lamp having reduced starting voltage
US4020377A (en) * 1975-04-30 1977-04-26 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh High pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp
US4171498A (en) * 1976-12-06 1979-10-16 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh High pressure electric discharge lamp containing metal halides
US4199701A (en) * 1978-08-10 1980-04-22 General Electric Company Fill gas for miniature high pressure metal vapor arc lamp
US4333032A (en) * 1978-09-25 1982-06-01 Gte Products Corporation High pressure sodium lamp containing barium getter
US4481446A (en) * 1979-04-26 1984-11-06 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Metal vapor discharge lamp
US4622485A (en) * 1984-02-14 1986-11-11 Hitachi, Ltd. Discharge lamp with neon gas in outer tube
EP0321867A2 (de) * 1987-12-22 1989-06-28 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Hochdruckentladungslampe
EP0321867A3 (de) * 1987-12-22 1991-01-02 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Hochdruckentladungslampe
US5164630A (en) * 1990-09-19 1992-11-17 Patent Treuhand Gesellschaft Fur Elektrische Gluhlampen Mbh Single-based high-pressure discharge lamp
US5225738A (en) * 1990-12-14 1993-07-06 North American Philips Corporation Metal halide lamp with improved lumen output and color rendition
US6459192B1 (en) * 1999-07-27 2002-10-01 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Electric lamp
DE10143714C1 (de) * 2001-08-30 2002-12-19 Siemens Ag Lampe mit einem Lampenkörper und außen an diesem entlang geführter Leitungszuführung sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
US20050017641A1 (en) * 2001-08-30 2005-01-27 Ursus Kruger Lamp comprising a lamp body and line feed, which is guided along the exterior of the lamp body, and method for producing the lamp
US20050170182A1 (en) * 2002-08-20 2005-08-04 Honeywell International, Inc. High temperature oxidation inhibitors for carbon-carbon friction materials
US20100019642A1 (en) * 2005-09-14 2010-01-28 General Electric Company Gas-filled shroud to provide cooler arctube
US8049425B2 (en) * 2005-09-14 2011-11-01 General Electric Company Gas-filled shroud to provide cooler arctube
US20110279010A1 (en) * 2010-05-13 2011-11-17 Eye Lighting International Of North America, Inc. Ruggedized lamp construction, and method
US8432093B2 (en) * 2010-05-13 2013-04-30 Eye Lighting International Of North America, Inc. Ruggedized lamp construction, and method
WO2015101953A1 (en) * 2014-01-06 2015-07-09 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Switchless quartz metal halide lamp for probe-start and pulse-start lighting systems

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2134509B2 (de) 1976-07-15
FR2103731A5 (xx) 1972-04-14
NL7011321A (xx) 1972-02-02
BE770698A (fr) 1972-01-31
DE2134509A1 (de) 1972-02-03
CA943614A (en) 1974-03-12
GB1333272A (en) 1973-10-10

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