US3750770A - Apparatus for excavating deep holes and trenches - Google Patents

Apparatus for excavating deep holes and trenches Download PDF

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Publication number
US3750770A
US3750770A US00198665A US3750770DA US3750770A US 3750770 A US3750770 A US 3750770A US 00198665 A US00198665 A US 00198665A US 3750770D A US3750770D A US 3750770DA US 3750770 A US3750770 A US 3750770A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
screw
sleeve
interspace
threaded section
driving rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00198665A
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English (en)
Inventor
G Botto
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of US3750770A publication Critical patent/US3750770A/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
    • E02F3/413—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with grabbing device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
    • F16H25/24—Elements essential to such mechanisms, e.g. screws, nuts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16N—LUBRICATING
    • F16N19/00—Lubricant containers for use in lubricators or lubrication systems

Definitions

  • the nut screw has a sleeve ext ending at least over a portion of the driving rod beyond said screw-threaded section and defining therebetween an interspace for a lubricant.
  • a counter sleeve member telescopically engages the sleeve and surrounds at least said screw-threaded section of said driving rod and defining therebetween a further inters n m 3 7 N H 54 5 2 7 9 H m 2 m was a H 2 9% D H V 7m W 177 HU .m u bm r m P u m n N 0 "u mu m .wm m u m u P m h A7 m N W mu w l r l .f 0% Cfl w S .M M mk UIF .ll.
  • the counter sleeve member is conn UNITED STATES PATENTS ticulation member.
  • One of the interspaces is connected to an external reservoir with at least one ex wall.
  • the parent patent describes and claims an apparatus for excavating holes and trenches of the type formed from a multi-jaw grab bucket in which the jaws are joined articulated at one point by way of arms to a nut screw capable of axial movement on a screw, and at another point to a member mounted idly n the terminal section of said screw.
  • the object of the invention is'an excavation apparatus which comprises in combination the characteristic of being constituted of an implement which may be coupled to the equipment of a normal rotary drill (as a replacement for the normal bit equipment or the like), and hence able to take advantage of the considerable power and considerable weight of the rotary drill rod, and in which the implement includes a screw and nut screw mechanism, i.e. capable of exploiting to a maximum mechanical level the high power constitutionally available in said rotary drills or rotary table drillers.
  • a hydraulic station is generally provided in a casing situated above the jaws.
  • the limitation of the space available due both to the working conditions (the hole or trench to be excavated are generally of limited dimensions, and the whole of the hydraulic station must penetrate into them gradually together with the jaws) and to other constructional requirements, in practice reduces the working power to a maximum of about 25-30 HP, which is only a fraction of the power available in rotary drillers.
  • the use of a hydraulic station with the consequent presence of hydraulic and electrical'connections is a source of continuous operational disturbances which reach a point of reducing the time in which such an implement can operate in practice by up to more than 25percent.
  • the excavation apparatus which comprises jaws joined articulated to a nut screw and to a member idle on the extremity of the screw, and which is characterized in that the nut screw is prolonged in the form of a sleeve which extends beyond the end of the thread of the screw and there embraces in a sealed manner the unthreaded shank of the screw, while with said sleeve is engaged a counter sleeve in a telescopic manner, the lubricant being provided in the interspace between, at one end, the sleeve and counter sleeve, and, at the other end, the sleeve and screw, the means of articulation of the jaws of the grab being joined articulated to the sleeve and counter sleeve.
  • said interspace is connected to an external reservoir with at least one expandable wall, capable of constituting a pressure equalizing lung for receiving the lubricant expelled from the interspace by said piston effect, and for returning said lubricant into the interspace when it is in a state: of suction.
  • both the sleeve and counter sleeve are arranged in a protective casing which in-the case of the implement destined for the excavation of trenches or baffles has at least two parallel sides, the casing and the sleeve and counter sleeve comprisingmeans of reciprocal engagement in the rotary sense, said means having a certain degree of play between them so that arotation of a few degrees of the nut screw is possible: before dragging the easing into rotation.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical diagrammatical section through a grab according to the invention, in which one blade is shown in the open position whereas the other is drawn DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
  • the implement can be coupled to the driving equipment M (FIGS. and 6) of a rotary drill, and for this purpose possesses a rod 1 provided at its end with a coupling section 2 comprising a hole 3 for receiving a coupling pin at the lower end of a rotary drill rod R (FIGS. 5 and 6).
  • This coupling is made by means of a universal joint.
  • the rod is driven by a rotary plate or table T (FIGS. 5 and 6) which consequently acts with all its considerable weight on the rod 1.
  • a sleeve 4 is mounted on said rod 1 and at its top comprises a sealing and spacing cylinder 5 provided with a gland 6, so that between the sleeve 4 and rod 1 there remains an annular cylindrical interspace 7, for filling with a lubricant, preferably oil.
  • the sleeve At its lower end the sleeve comprises internally a hollow cylindrical body, internally threaded, which constitutes the nut screw and is indicated by the reference number 8, and which is rigidly fixed to the sleeve 4.
  • the rod 1 comprises a thread 11:, starting from a position slightly above that occupied in FIG. I by the sleeve 4, so that the lower end of the rod 1 constitutes the screw which engages with the nut screw.
  • the thread extends downwards, leaving however a section lbof the rod 1 at its lower extremity free of thread for the purposes hereinafter explained.
  • a counter sleeve 11 is mounted externally on the lower end of the sleeve 8 with a sealing cylinder 9 and gland 10 between them, said counter sleeve being thus able to slide telescopically on the sleeve 4.
  • an interspace 7a is hence formed in hydraulic communication with the interspace 7 by way of the "ion of engagement of the thread In with the internal thread of the nut screw 8.
  • a bearing 12 is mounted which externally supports a cylindrical body 13 welded rigidly to the lower end of the counter sleeve 11, said counter sleeve 11 being thus rotably supported idly both on the lower end of the rod 1 and on the lower end of the sleeve 4.
  • a cover 14 provided with holes 15, and end plates 16, 17 centrally provided with a screw 18 functioning as a plug are welded to the cylindrical body 13.
  • Pivot rings 19, 20, in which the pivots 21, 22 ofthe blades 23, 24'engage, are rigidly welded to the plate 17.
  • Pivot rings 27 and 28 are articulated on said blades 23 and 24 by way of pivot pins and 26, and are welded to the lower ends of tie rods 29, 30 respectively, which at their upper ends comprise eyelets 31, 32, which house pivot pins 33 for their articulated coupling to a tie flange 34 held rigid by means of two rings 35, 36, welded to the sleeve 4.
  • the bolts 37 and 38 connect together the two half flanges which constitute the flange 34.
  • a channel 130 external to the cylindrical body 13 together with channels 7b and 7c are provided for the passage of oil from the interspace 7a to the bearing 12 and the other members idly rotating at the end lb of the rod.
  • a channel 39 is provided according to the invention connected to the interspace 7a, which extends until it reaches a reservoir 40 which comprises at least one expandable wall, for example a wall of resilient material or a wall which may be retracted in the manner of a cylinder piston.
  • a reservoir is illustrated comprising at least one wall of resiliently expandable material.
  • the pressure equalizing reservoir comprises two heads 41, 42, which form upper and lower caps whose internal opposing sides comprise tapered zones 43, 44, connected by a tube 45, whose walls are provided with perforations 46. Externally the two heads 41 and 42 are connected together by a cylindrical tube 47 provided with perforations 48. Between the cylindrical tube 47 and the heads 42 there is a cylindrical tube 4Q of resiliently yieldable material, for example synthetic rubber.
  • the parts 41 and 42 areinternally hollow and are of sheet metal, and the tube 47 is alsoof sheet metal. Upperly there is an aperture 50 for oil make-up in the case of any oil loss. Fixing lugs 51 are provided upperly and fixing plates 52 lowerly.
  • the pressure equalizing reservoir so described is placed inside a casing which also contains the sleeve, counter sleeve, nut screw and screw assembly, the casing being of circular cross section in the case of circular excavations, whereas in the case of trench or baffle excavations it comprises at least two opposing parallel sides and end pieces connecting the parallel sides together.
  • a mechanism which can slip if the resistance to rotation exceeds a certain limit.
  • a mechanism could for example comprise a torque limiter L (FIG. 5) or a hydraulic motor assembly H (FIG. 6) known to be capable of considerable flexibility in the transmission of the rotation torque.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show cross sections of solutions to this problem. More particularly the halves of the tie flange 34 comprise projections 53 which rest between the substantially vertical ribs 54 fixed to the substantially parallel walls of the casing.
  • a polygonal, preferably square frame 55 is rigid with the counter sleeve 11 and a frame 56 of form substantially analogous to that of the frame 55 but slightly above it and capable of containing and circumscribing the frame 55 is rigid with the casing.
  • the nut screw 8 is made of a less resistant material than the steel screw la, for example a special bronze alloy.
  • the rod for very large depths may be formed from a number of components which slide one on the other in a telescopic manner.
  • An apparatus for excavating holes and trenches including a multi-jaw grab bucket with a driving rod having a screw-threaded section and in which the jaws are articulated at one point thereof through connecting arms to a nut screw screwed on said screw-threaded section and at another point thereof to an articulation member idle on the extremity of said driving rod, wherein according to the improvement, said nut screw has a sleevelike portion extending at least over a portion of said driving rod beyond said screw-threaded section thereof and defining therebetween a first interspace for a lubricant, a counter sleeve member telescopically engaging said sleeve-like portion and surrounding at least said screw-threaded section of said driving rod and defining therebetween a further inter space for a lubricant, said counter sleeve member being connected with said articulation member and sealing means for said interspaces.
  • both said sleeve portion and counter sleeve member are arranged in a protective casing, which in the case of the implement for excavating trenches or baffles has at least two parallel sides, the casing and the sleeve portion and counter sleeve member comprising means of reciprocal engagement in the rotational sense, said means having a certain degree of play between them, by which a rotation of a few degrees of the nut screw is possible before the casing is dragged into rotation.
  • an apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein when constructed with an external polygonal casing, the apparatus comprises a mechanism adapted for slip such as for example a torque limiter or ahydraulic mechanism interposed between the source of motive power and the rod of the implement.
  • a mechanism adapted for slip such as for example a torque limiter or ahydraulic mechanism interposed between the source of motive power and the rod of the implement.
  • At least one of said interspaces is connected to an external reservoir with at least one expandable wall, capable of constituting a pressure equalizing lung for receiving the lubricant expelled from said interspace by a piston effect, and for returning said lubricant to said interspace when suction conditions are set up in it.
  • said reservoir with at least one expandable wall includes an internal tubular body, with rigid perforated walls, in communication with said interspace, and comprising an enlarged lower head and an enlarged upper head, and an external tubular member of elastically deformable material such as e.g. synthetic rubber, the whole assembly being enclosed by an external rigid perforated shell.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
US00198665A 1971-03-01 1971-11-15 Apparatus for excavating deep holes and trenches Expired - Lifetime US3750770A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT21195/71A IT987518B (it) 1971-03-01 1971-03-01 Apparecchiatura per lo scavo di fori e trincbe di notevole pro fondita

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3750770A true US3750770A (en) 1973-08-07

Family

ID=11178196

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00198665A Expired - Lifetime US3750770A (en) 1971-03-01 1971-11-15 Apparatus for excavating deep holes and trenches

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3750770A (fr)
BE (1) BE779940R (fr)
BR (1) BR7201203D0 (fr)
CA (1) CA961510A (fr)
CH (1) CH550291A (fr)
DE (1) DE2209876A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES400972A2 (fr)
FR (1) FR2128474B2 (fr)
GB (1) GB1382454A (fr)
IT (1) IT987518B (fr)
NL (1) NL7202530A (fr)
ZA (1) ZA721203B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2740101A1 (de) * 1977-09-06 1979-03-15 Casagrande & C Spa Bohrgreifer
US6357552B1 (en) * 1998-10-22 2002-03-19 Netzsch Oilfield Products Gmbh Submersible pump assembly for downhole use
US20190127948A1 (en) * 2017-05-03 2019-05-02 Liebherr-Werk Nenzing Gmbh Slurry wall grab having a hybrid drive

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE50209376D1 (de) * 2001-10-23 2007-03-15 Bosch Gmbh Robert Getriebe-antriebseinheit mit einem adapter
CN112253024B (zh) * 2020-12-08 2023-03-24 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 油气井油管清砂装置及清砂方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1618294A (en) * 1926-03-30 1927-02-22 Olson Joseph Underreamer
US2203246A (en) * 1938-11-01 1940-06-04 Estate Of Emil H Zum Berge Underreamer
US2645458A (en) * 1950-07-29 1953-07-14 Yost Merrill Hole boring rig
US3113629A (en) * 1960-11-29 1963-12-10 Benoto Sa Boring apparatus whose opening is adjustable
US3194329A (en) * 1964-06-11 1965-07-13 Calweld Inc Hydraulic grab bucket

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1618294A (en) * 1926-03-30 1927-02-22 Olson Joseph Underreamer
US2203246A (en) * 1938-11-01 1940-06-04 Estate Of Emil H Zum Berge Underreamer
US2645458A (en) * 1950-07-29 1953-07-14 Yost Merrill Hole boring rig
US3113629A (en) * 1960-11-29 1963-12-10 Benoto Sa Boring apparatus whose opening is adjustable
US3194329A (en) * 1964-06-11 1965-07-13 Calweld Inc Hydraulic grab bucket

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2740101A1 (de) * 1977-09-06 1979-03-15 Casagrande & C Spa Bohrgreifer
US6357552B1 (en) * 1998-10-22 2002-03-19 Netzsch Oilfield Products Gmbh Submersible pump assembly for downhole use
US20190127948A1 (en) * 2017-05-03 2019-05-02 Liebherr-Werk Nenzing Gmbh Slurry wall grab having a hybrid drive
US11041283B2 (en) * 2017-05-03 2021-06-22 Liebherr-Werk Nenzing Gmbh Slurry wall grab having a hybrid drive

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7202530A (fr) 1972-09-05
BE779940R (fr) 1972-06-16
ES400972A2 (es) 1975-01-16
FR2128474B2 (fr) 1977-12-23
IT987518B (it) 1975-03-20
GB1382454A (en) 1975-01-29
CH550291A (de) 1974-06-14
CA961510A (en) 1975-01-21
DE2209876A1 (de) 1972-11-02
FR2128474A2 (fr) 1972-10-20
ZA721203B (en) 1972-11-29
BR7201203D0 (pt) 1973-05-10

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