US3750386A

US3750386A - Pendulum controlled electrodynamic clockwork

Info

Publication number: US3750386A
Application number: US00098768A
Authority: US
Inventors: E Harting
Original assignee: HERMLE F AND SOHN UHRENFAB
Current assignee: HERMLE F AND SOHN UHRENFAB
Priority date: 1969-12-17
Filing date: 1970-12-16
Publication date: 1973-08-07
Anticipated expiration: 1990-08-07
Also published as: DE1963259A1; DE1963259B2; NL149919B; NL7012160A; DE1963259C3

Abstract

The magnet of an electrodynamic clockwork is secured to a control lever connected by coupling means with a pendulum so that the magnet swings with the control lever and the pendulum to generate pulses in windings for driving the pendulum. The coupling means includes a fork embracing the pendulum and permitting the lower part of the same to assume a vertical position when the housing is displaced. Since the magnet is not carried by the pendulum, but by the control lever, the winding can be secured to the housing near the clockwork.

Description

United States Patent 11 1 Harting Aug. 7, 1973 54] PENDULUM CONTROLLED 1,884,853 10/1932 Poole 58/30 ELECTRODYNAMIC CLOCKWORK FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS [75] Inventor: Ernst-Heinrich Hurting, Gosheim, 540,468 7/1922 France 58/30 Germany 1,285,743 1/1962 France 58/23 A 746,465 3 I956 G tB 't 58 23 A [731 As'slgnee: F Uhrenfabrik, 480,225 7i1916 28/30 Goshe1m/Wuertt., Germany 22 Fil d; 1 1970 Primary Examiner-Richard B. Wilkinso n Assistant Examiner-Edith C. Simmons Jackman [21] Appl. No.. 98,768 Att0rneyMichael S. Striker [30] Foreign Application Priority Data ABSTRACT Dec 17, 1969 Germany P 19 03 25918 T magnetof an electrodynamic Clockwork is Secured to a Control lever connected by coupling means with a [52] US. Cl 58/30, 310/25, 318/129 P ulum SO that the magnet swings with the control [51] Int. Cl. G04c 3/02, H021; 33/12 lever and the pendulum to generate pulses in windings [58] Field of Search 58/29-33, 129, for driving the pendulum. The coupling means includes 130 R; 318/127-134; 310/15, a fork embracing the pendulum and permitting the 17 25 3] lower part of the same to assume a vertical position Y when the housing is displaced. Since the magnet is not [56] References Cit d carried by the pendulum, but by the control lever, the UNITED STATES PATENTS winding can be secured to the housing near the clock- 3,014,168 12/1961 Thomam, 318/132 9/1968 Sparing 318/130 13 Claims, 7 Drawing Figures PATENIEDMJB H913 V 3.750.386

' sum 1 or 4 hen-a,

PAIENIEU AUG 7 I975 isum 2 0F 4 PATENTEUMJE im SHEET 3 0F 4 PATENIED AUG 71975 SHEET 0F 4 PENDULUM CONTROLLED ELECTRODYNAMIC CLOCKWORK BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pendulum controlled electrodynamic clockwork of the type in which a gravity operated pendulum carries a permanent mag net for generating pulses by which the swinging movement of the pendulum is started or maintained after amplification. The clockwork is driven either directly by the swinging pendulum, or indirectly by means of a pulse controlled stepping mechanism.

In accordance with the prior art, a permanent magnet is secured to the'lower end of the pendulum, and moves relative to windings, which preferably include a driving coil and an exciter coil for generating pulses.

It is a disadvantage of the prior art that the windings have to be disposed in the lower region of the penduhim, and consequently spaced a relative great distance from the clockwork. The necessary electric connectio ns can be made only after the clock has been completely assembled, which isundesirable, particularly for mass production along an assembly line. Particularly, it is not possible to manufacture a complete clockwork including the electric parts which could be supplied as a unit to manufacturers who assemble the clockwork in different housings.

Another construction according to the prior art provides the windings and the magnets in the upper part of the. pendulum. This construction permits the attach ment of the windings directly in the housing in the proximity of the clockwork. However, electrodynamic' clockworks of this type are undesirably susceptible to be influenced by tilting of the housing. If the housing and clockwork are tilted even a small angle, the magnets on the pendulum approach the windings until they touch the holder of the windings which causes stopping of the pendulum and clockwork. This could be prevented by selecting a very large air gap between the swinging magnet and the windings, but this measure results in very low efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the vertical position ofa clock of this type after the same has been attached to the wall, and this is accomplished by adjusting screws mounted on the rear wall of the housing and engaging the wall on which the housing is supported. Such adjustment operations must be carried out after the clock has been sold, and are not always successfully carried out by unskilled persons.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is one object of the invention to overcome the disadvantages of electrodynamic clockworks, and to provide an electrodynamic clockwork in which the mechanicalparts and the electric parts can be completely assembled duringmanufacture, and require no later adjustment when hungon a wall.

Another object of the invention is to provide an electrodynamic clockwork which can be-operated in angularly displaced positions of its housing.

Another object of the invention is to maintain a constant distance between swinging magnet means and windings excited by the same, irrespective of the angular position of mounting means for the pendulum of the clockwork.

With these objects in view, and in accordance with the present invention, the magnet means, preferably permanent magnets, are not directly secured to the pendulum, but to a shorter control lever which is connected with the pendulum by acoupling which permits movement of the pendulum in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the swinging movement of the pendulum and of the control lever.

The control lever is mounted for turning movement about an axis which is coaxial, or at least parallel, to the axis of the pendulum. Preferably, the windings include a driving coil and a concentric exciter coil which are directly secured to the housing of the'clockwork at the level of the permanent magnet.

In a manner known per se, the drive coil and the exciter coil can be wound as flat discs, and in order to obtain a strong driving force, it is preferred to arrange the driving coil in a position directly confronting the permanent magnet on the control lever. The thickness of the driving coil should be as low as possible, so that the exciter coil behind the same, which has a greater number of windings, is passed by the greatest possible number of lines of force of the flux of the magnet which passes the windings during its swinging movement with the control lever, and pendulum.

An embodiment of the invention comprises first and second mounting means on housing means; a pendulum including an upper part mounted on the first mounting means for swinging movement about the first axis, a lower part, and joint means connectingthe lower part with the upper part for angular movement about a second axis transverse to the first axis; control lever means, mounted on the second mounting means for angular movement about a third axis substantially coextensive with'the first axis, and being shorter than the pendulum; coupling means connecting the control lever means with the lower part of the pendulum for swinging movement with the pendulum, and for angular movement of the lower part about the second axis relative to the control lever means and into a vertical plane, due to a displacement .of the housing means with the first and second mounting means, control lever means, and-the upper part of the pendulum; magnet means secured to the control lever means for swinging movement with the same along a path; and winding means directly secured to the housing means spaced from the path so that the magnet means pass the winding means at a constant distance during swinging movement of the control lever means irrespective of angular movements of the lower part of the pendulum relative to the control lever means about the second axis into a vertical plane.

The lower part of the pendulum projects downward out of the housing means, while the lower end of the control lever means is located in the housing means. The magnet means is located in the housing means secured to the lower end of the control lever means. The coupling means preferably includes a fork forming part of the control lever means, and having a slot in which the lower part of the pendulum is located. The principle of the invention permits different arrangements of the driving and exciter coils. In one embodiment of the invention, the coils are disposed on one side of thepermanent magnet means, and can be connected without difficulty with the clockwork. However, it is also possible, to mount the magnet means on the control lever means in a position in which the magnet'means are located above thewindings.

In a further embodiment, two permanent magnets are used, which form an air gap between each other in which the windings are located so that the magnets swing on opposite sides of the coils.

All embodiments of the invention permit an angular displacement of the housing, within a limited range, in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the pendulum swings, without causing an engagement of the magnets with the windings or the holders of the same, and also without reducing the efficiency of the apparatus. A small gap can always be maintained between the magnets and the windings, so that high efficiency of the arrangement is assured.

However, it is required that the control lever is mounted practically without play, and that the coupling means has narrow tolerances to permit no relative movement between the pendulum and the control lever during swinging movement together. Preferably, axial play of the mounting means of the control lever is eliminated by a spring which presses in axial direction against the control lever in the proximity of the mounting means of the same, or against its supporting shaft. One embodiment of the invention which operates at very low friction and practically without play, is obtained by a journal formed by a tensioned steel wire.

As noted above, it is the main purpose of the invention to provide an arrangement in which the clockwork and its electric drive means are assembled together.' In the least expensive embodiment of the invention, the windings are secured to the housing on one side of the permanent magnet on the control lever, remote from the pendulum.

In another embodiment of the invention, the windings are combined with the electronic circuit by mounting the same on the rear face of a circuit plate, for example by adhesive attachment. In this arrangement, the electronic circuit can be finished and tested before the final assembly, whereupon it is secured to the housing, for example in an open recess whose shape matches the outline of the windings. In this manner, errors in the electric connections and at the soldering points can be practically avoided since the assembly of the mechanical part, and the assembly of the electric and electronic parts are independent of each other. It is possible to establish the necessary connections in the manner of a printed circuit.

In another arrangement of the invention, the electric connection between the electronic circuit and a source of voltage, for example a dry battery, is obtained by conductor bars which are directly embedded in the housing, or secured in the interior of the housing, and whose ends abut corresponding contact faces of the battery and of the electric circuit. if the housing consists of a synthetic plastic material, it is not necessary to insulate the conductor bars, and no soldering is required during the final assembly.

It is preferred to mount two permanent magnets of opposite polarity on the control lever, in which event at least a portion of the'control lever adjacent the magnet preferably consists of a magnetizable soft iron through which the magnetic flux can close. The distance of the magnets in the direction of the swinging motion preferably corresponds to the distance of the two winding portions from each other so that during passage of the pendulum through the neutral position, a main pulse is generated which consists oftwo additive control pulses. Preferably, the coils are arranged and dimensioned that one of the two magnets just moves away from the coil surface, when the pendulum arrives at the end of the supplementary are. One pole of the magnet may cover in this end position a leg of a winding. This arrangement has the advantage that the amplitude of the pulses generated in one or the other permanent magnet, respectively, is so low that the respective pulses are suppressed, and do not have the effect of control pulses. Only when the magnet passes through the neutral position, the speed of the magnet and pendulum is so great that the two pulses generated by induction in the two coil legs together result in an effective control pulse. In successive passages of the magnet through the neutral position, controlled pulses of alternating polarity are generated. Generally, only pulses having the same polarity are used, but when suitable circuits are used, it is possible to use pulses of opposite polarity for producing driving pulses. Preferably, lack of precision which may be caused by a slanted suspension of the clockwork, is compensated by driving pulses which are generated asymmetrically to the neutral position. Such a compensation cannot be obtained for the secondary pulses so that the suppression of the same is particularly important for electrodynarnic pendulum clockworks having permanent magnets.

The novel features which are considered as characteristic for the inventionare set forth in particular in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, both as to its construction and its method of operation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following description of specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view illustrating a first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view illustrating a second embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view illustrating a third embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a fragmentary side view, partially in section, illustrating on an enlarged scale, the mounting means of the control lever used in the embodiment of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a fragmentary side view, partially in section, illustrating mounting means for the control lever in accordance with a modification of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating parts of the embodiment of FIG. I on an enlarged scale; and

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an electronic circuit used in the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring first to the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1, 4 and 6, a housing 1 is closed on the right side by cover 2. Within the housing, a pendulum 3 has an upper portion 7 clamping a-pair of leaf springs 4 whose upper end are clamped between plates 30 which are secured to a holder 28 secured by transverse pin 29.

Holder 28 is secured to a partitioning wall 5 of housing 1.

Parts

5, 28, 30, and 4 are mounting means for supporting a pendulum 3 for swinging movement about an axis defined by leaf springs 4.

A pin 6 passes through the plates 7, and supports a pair of hooks 3a located on opposite sides of plates 7, and supporting the lower part 3b of pendulum 3 for angular movement about the horizontal axis which is perpendicular to the axis defined by the springs 4. A similar joint 60 supports the weight 31 at the lower end of part 3b. Irrespective of the position of the partitioning wall 5 and of the holder 28, the lower part 3b of pendulum 3 will always tend to assume a vertical position which is possible due to the provision of the joint 6, 3a. As shown in FIG. 1,'the pendulum 3 can move angularly the angles out of a central position which permits tilting of the housing and of the mounting means of the pendulum about corresponding angles, while the lower portion-3b of the pendulum 3 remains in a vertical position due to the action of gravity.

In contrast to the prior art, thependulum 3 is not directly connected with the clockwork 8. A control lever 9 is, mounted at the upper end thereof for angular movement about an axis which substantially coincides with the axis of pendulum 3 defined by springs 4. As best seen in FIGS. 4 and 6, a pair of journals 10a is mounted on

support walls

19 and 5 of the housing, and the journals are connected by shaft to which an armature 11 is fixedly connected. Pins 21 on armature l1 cooperate with a wheel 8a of'the clockwork 8 so that swinging of control lever 9 causes movements of the clockwork 8.

As best seen in FIG. 4, an adjusting means, shown as a leaf spring 18 is secured to wall 5 of the housing, and engages the respective journal 10a to urge

shaft

10, 10a in axial direction to an end position so that control lever 9'swings exactly in one vertical plane.

A coupling means 12 is provided at the lower end of control lever 9, and is shown to be a fork 12 having a slot whose width corresponds to the thickness of the lowervpart 3b of pendulum 3 which is located in the slot. Consequently, when the pendulumswings about the axis defined by springs 4, control lever 9 swings the same angle about the mounting means 10, 10a. In the event that the housing is angularly displaced together with the

m'ounting'means

28, 30, 4, and the mounting means 10, 10a, the axes of the respective mounting means are not horizontal anymore, but the lower part 3b of pendulum 3 assumes a position located in a vertical plane since it can turn about pin 6 under the action of the force of gravity, while the lower part 3b is guided in the slot of the fork 12 of control lever 9. The width of the slot of fork 12 is selected so that there is practically no play between the lower part 3!) and the fork l2, and control lever 9 swings in synchronism with the pendulum 3, although control lever 9 may swing in a slanted plane, while the lower part 3b of pendulum 3 swings in a vertical plane, assuming that the housing has been angularly displaced out of a position in which the axes defined by the mounting means are disposed horizontally.

The upper end of control lever 9 is secured to the 21, and abuts with its end face on a thrust bearing 23 which is inserted into a hole of the plate 19 which is secured to the housing. A spring 25 consisting of a thin elastic wire is mounted on the tensioned wire 22 between plates 26 and urges the same apart so that the position of sleeve 21', and thereby of control lever 9 is exactly determined, and the effect of any axial play eliminated.

As shown in FIG. 1, and best seen in FIG. 6, two permanent magnets 13 are secured to the lower end of control lever 9 spaced from each other by a neutral zone. Magnets 13 have opposite polarity, and each of the magnets takes up one-third of the total length of the magnet means, the neutral zone extending also over one-third. The lower end of control lever 9 consists of a magnetizable soft iron, so that the flux I is closed. The permanent magnets 13 cooperate with the driving coil 15 and the exciter coil 14 which are wound coaxially, and arranged in a position in which the thinner driving coil 15 is disposed adjacent the front face of magnets 13, spaced from the same by a small gap which is maintained constant by the action of spring 18 as described with reference to FIG. 4.

Coils

14 and 15 are mounted on the rear face of a support plate 17 which carries on its front face the circuit parts 16, preferably in the form ofa printed circuit. As shown in FIG. 1, housing 1 has an open recess with a shoulder against which the support plate 17 abuts so that the windings l4 and 15 project into the proximity resistors R, and R and four terminals a. The circuit shaft 10 by means which permit an adjustment of the I relative angular position between control lever 9'and the drive member 11.

In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the mounting means for control lever 9 are modified. A steel wire 22 passes through holes in the legs of a U-shaped member 20, which is secured to the housing 1, and is tensioned by tensioning means 24. Wire 22 passes through a sleeve 21'. to which the drive member 11 is secured to operate by pins 21 the wheel 8aof the clockwork 8, in the manner described with reference to FIG. 4. Bearing

stones

24 and 2,7 are secured in the ends of sleeve2l Bearing stone 24 projects beyond the end of the

hollow sleeve unit

16, 17 is manufactured by the Intermet'all Company, under the number TAA 780.

In the collector emitter circuit of theworking transistor T, the driving coil 15 is connected over the voltage U furnished by the battery B. The exciter coil 14 is connected in the base-emitter circuit of transistor T,. The RC-circuit includes a resistor R and a capacitor C, for producing a bias voltage. Capacitor C is provided for suppressing self-oscillation. The above components are already capable of performing the required function. The current pulses induced by permanent magnets 13 in the exciter coil 14 control transistor T, so that the driving coil 15 is excited by an impulse during the passage of the magnet means 13 through the neutral position, and transmits through permanent magnet 13 an impulse to control lever 9.

Transistor T,, resistors R, and R,, and the diode D serve for stabilizing the voltage. Resistors. R, and R, form a voltage divider parallel to the driving coil 15, and are connected with the base of transistor T,. A part of the current induced in exciter coil 14 is conducted away through transistoriT,. Whenthe voltage induced in the driving coil 15 is increased, the voltage differential at resistor R, is increased, and thereby the basetor of transistor T serves the purpose of preventing faulty currents.

The embodiment of FIG. 2 differs from the embodiment of FIG. 1 by the provision ofa transverse horizontal arm 9 on control arm 19 to which the magnets 13 are secured. The support plate 17 and the electronic components 16 thereon are secured in the interior of housing 1, and carry on the top face thereof the

windings

14 and 15 so that the same are spaced a constant distance from the curved path of'the lower face of magnets 13.

In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the transverse arm 9" has an end portion parallel with control lever 9, and magnets 13 are secured on opposite sides of the coils l4 and 15 which are secured to the top face of the supportingv plate 17 which is secured to the housing and carries on the bottom face thereof, the electronic parts 16, as described with reference to FIG. 7.

In all embodiments of the invention, the relative position between the swinging electromagnets 13 and the

stationary windings

14 and 15 remains the same, and the gap between is accurately maintained, irrespective of whether the housing 1 is placed in a position in which the axes ofcontrol lever 9 and pendulum 3 are horizontal or not. If the housing 1 is placed in a position in which the axis of pendulum 3 defined by springs 4 is not horizontal, the joint 6 permits the lower part of pendulum 3 to move into a vertical plane, and the position of control lever 9 and of the magnets 13 thereon is not influenced in any manner due to the slot in the coupling fork 12 which permits angular movement of the lower part 3b of the pendulum 3 relative to control lever 9. Since the slot in the fork 12 is narrow and has a width corresponding to the thickness of the lower part 3b of pendulum 3, control lever 9 and pendulum 3 swing in synchronism about substantially coinciding axes defined by shaft and springs 4, and pulses are induced by the swinging magnets 13 in the exciter coil 14 which causes exciting of the driving coil 15 by transistor T so that control lever 9 receives a driving pulse which maintains control lever 9 and pendulum 3 in swinging motion.

It will be understood that each of the elements described above, or two or more together, may also find a useful application in other types of pendulum controlled electrodynamic clockworks differing from the types described above.

While the invention has been illustrated and described as embodied in an electrodynamic clockwork in which permanent magnets are mounted on a control lever which is connected with a pendulum for swinging motion, but permits limited angular movement of the pendulum into a vertical plane when the housing is tilted, it is not intended to be limited to the details shown, since various modifications and structural changes may be made without departing in any way from the spirit of the present invention.

Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of the present invention that others can by applying current knowledge readily adapt it for vari-' ous applications without omitting features that, from the standpoint of prior art, fairly constitute essential characteristics of the generic or specific aspects of this invention and, therefore, such adaptations should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalence of the following claims.

What is claimed as new and desired to be protected by Letters Patent is set forth in the appended claims.

1 claim:

1. Pendulum controlled electrodynamic clockwork, comprising housing means; first and second mounting means on said housing means; a pendulum including an upper part mounted on said first mounting means for swinging movement about a first axis, a lower part, and a joint means connecting said lower part with said upper part for angular movement about a second axis transverse to said first axis; control lever means mounted on said second mounting means for angular movement about a third axis substantially coextensive with said first axis, in a first plane perpendicular to said third axis, and being shorter than said pendulum; coupling means connecting said control lever means with said lower part of said pendulum for swinging movement with said'pendulum, and for angular movement of said lower part about said second axis relative to said control lever means into avertical plane upon a displacement of said housing means with said first and second mounting means, said control lever means, and said upper part; magnet means secured to said control lever means for swinging movement with the same along a path located in a second plane parallel to said firstplane; and winding means directly secured to said housing means and having a surface parallel to said first and second planes and uniformly spaced from said path so that said magnet means pass said winding means at a constant distance during swinging movement of said control lever means irrespective of angular movements of said lower part of said pendulum relative to said control lever means about said second axis into a vertical plane. I

2. Pendulum controlled electrodynamic clockwork comprising housing means; first and second mounting means on said housing means; a pendulum including an upper part mounted on said first mounting means for swinging movement about a first axis, a lower part, and joint means connecting said lower part with said upper part for angular movement about a second axis transverse to said first axis; control lever means mounted on said second mounting means for angular movement about a third axis substantially coextensive with said first axis in a first plane perpendicular to said third axis, and being shorter than said pendulum; means for adjusting said control lever means in the direction of said third axis; coupling means connecting said control lever means with said lower part of said pendulum for swinging movement with said pendulum, and for angular movement of saidlower part about said second axis relative to said control lever means into a vertical plane upon a displacement of said housing means with said first and second mounting means, said control lever means, and said upper part; magnet means secured to said control lever mans for swinging movement with the same along a path located in a second plane parallel to said first plane; and winding means directly secured to said housing means and having a surface parallel to said first and second planes and uniformly spaced from said path so that said magnet means pass said winding means at a constant distance during swinging movement of said control lever means irrespective of angular movements of said lower part of said pendulum relative to said control lever means about said second axis into a vertical plane.

3. Pendulum controlled electrodynamic clockwork, comprising housing means; first and second mounting means on said housing means said second mounting means including a shaft means mounted in said housing means; a pendulum including an upper part mounted on said first mounting means for swinging movement about a first axis, a lower part, and joint means connecting said lower part with said upper part for angular movement about a second axis transverse to said first axis; control lever means mounted on said second mounting means secured to said shaft means for angular' movement about a third axis substantially coextensive with said first axis said second mounting means including a shaft means mounted in said housing means, and being shorter than said pendulum; coupling means connecting said control lever means with said lower part of said pendulum for swinging movement with said pendulum, and for angular movement of said lower part about said second axis relative to said control lever means into a vertical plane upon a displacement of said housing means with said first and second mounting means, said controllever means, and said upper part; spring means abutting said shaft means for urging said shaft means in axial direction until said shaft means abuts said housing means; magnet means secured to said control levermeans for swinging movement with the same along a path secured to said'shaft means; and winding means directly secured to said housing means spring means abutting said shaft means for urging said shaft means in axial direction until said shaft means abuts said housing means; spaced from said path so that said magnet means pass said winding means at a constant distance during swinging movement of said control lever means irrespective of angular movements of said lower part of said pendulum relative to saidcontrol lever means about said second axis into a vertical plane.

4. Pendulum controlled electrodynamic clockwork,

comprising housing means; first and second mounting means on said housing means, said second mounting means including a tensioned wire secured to said housing means, and a sleeve mounted on said wire for turning movement; a pendulum including an upper part mounted on said first mounting means for swinging movement about a first axis, a lower part, and joint means connecting said lower part with said upper part for angular movement about a second axis transverse to said first axis; control lever means mounted on said second mounting means for angular movement about a third axis substantially coextensive with said first axis in a first plane perpendicular to said third axis, and being shorter than said pendulum, said control lever means being secured to said sleeve; coupling means connecting said control lever means with said lower part of said pendulum for swinging movement with said pendulum, and for angular movement of said lower part about said second axis relative to said control lever means into a vertical plane upon a displacement of said housing means with said first and second-mounting means, said control lever means, and said upper part; magnet means secured to said control lever means for swinging movement with the same along a path located in a second plane parallel to said first plane; and winding' means directly secured to said housing means and having a surface parallel to said first and second planes wherein said lower part of said pendulum projects downward out of said housing means; 'wherein the lower end of. said control lever means is located in said housing means; and wherein said magnet means is located in said housing means secured to said lower end of said control lever means.

6. Electrodynamic clockwork as claimed in claim 2 wherein said winding means include a thin driving coil, and a thick exciter coil coaxial and adjacent with the same; and wherein said driving coil is located adjacent said path of said magnet means.

7. Electrodynamic clockwork as claimed in claim 2 wherein said winding meansare located at the same side of said magnet means; and wherein said pendulum is located on the other side of said magnet means.

8. Electrodynamic clockwork as claimed in claim 2 wherein said control lever means includes a substantially horizontal arm; wherein said magnet means are secured to said arm in said housing means; and wherein said winding means are located under said magnet means secured to said housing means.

9. Electrodynamic clockwork as claimed in claim 2 wherein said magnet means include first and second magnets; wherein said control lever means includes a substantially horizontal arm supporting said first and second magnetsspaced from each other for movement along two spaced paths; and wherein said winding means are supported in said housing means located between said first and second magnets and passed by said first and second magnets on opposite sides during movement of said first and second magnets along said paths.

10. Electrodynamic clockwork as claimed in claim 2 wherein said connecting means include a fork projecting transversely from said control lever means and having a slot narrowly embracing said lower part of said pendulum means for permitting movement of said lower part to said vertical plane while motion is transmitted from said lower part to said control lever means through said fork.

ll. Electrodynamic clockwork as claimed in claim 1 wherein said housing means has an open recess; wherein said winding means include a support plate secured to said recess, and'circuit means and windings mounted on said support plate and located in said housing means opposite said pathv of said magnet means.

12. Electrodynamic clockwork as claimed in claim 2 wherein said control lever means has a lower end portion to which said magnet means is secured; and wherein said lower end portion consists of a magnetizable material so that the flux of said magnet means closes in said lower magnetiz'able end portion.

13. Electrodynamic clockwork as claimed in claim 2 wherein said magnet means includes two permanent magnets spaced from each other a distance corresponding to the diameter of said winding means.

l i v y

Claims

1. Pendulum controlled electrodynamic clockwork, comprising housing means; first and second mounting means on said housing means; a pendulum including an upper part mounted on said first mounting means for swinging movement about a first axis, a lower part, and a joint means connecting said lower part with said upper part for angular movement about a second axis transverse to said first axis; control lever means mounted on said second mounting means for angular movement about a third axis substantially coextensive with said first axis, in a first plane perpendicular to said third axis, and being shorter than said pendulum; coupling means connecting said control lever means with said lower part of said pendulum for swinging movement with said pendulum, and for angular movement of said lower part about said second axis relative to said control lever means into a vertical plane upon a displacement of said housing means with said first and second mounting means, said control lever means, and said upper part; magnet means secured to said control lever means for swinging movement with the same along a path located in a second plane parallel to said first plane; and winding means directly secured to said housing means and having a surface parallel to said first and second planes and uniformly spaced from said path so that said magnet means pass said winding means at a constant distance during swinging movement of said control lever means irrespective of angular movements of said lower part of said pendulum relative to said control lever means about said second axis into a vertical plane.

2. Pendulum controlled electrodynamic clockwork comprising housing means; first and second mounting means on said housing means; a pendulum including an upper part mounted on said first mounting means for swinging movement about a first axis, a lower part, and joint means connecting said lower part with said upper part for angular movement about a second axis transverse to said first axis; control lever means mounted on said second mounting means for angular movement about a third axis substantially coextensive with said first axis in a first plane perpendicular to said third axis, and being shorter than said pendulum; means for adjusting said control lever means in the direction of said third axis; coupling means connecting said control lever means with said lower part of said pendulum for swinging movement with said pendulum, and for angular movement of said lower part about said second axis relative to said control lever means into a vertical plane upon a displacement of said housing means with said first and second mounting means, said control lever means, and said upper part; magnet means secured to said control lever means for swinging movement with the same along a path located in a second plane parallel to said first plane; and winding means directly secured to said housing means and having a surface parallel to said first and second planes and uniformly spaced from said path so that said magnet means pass said winding means at a constant distance during swinging movement of said control lever means irrespective of angular movements of said lower part of said pendulum relative to said control lever means about said second axis into a vertical plane.

3. Pendulum controlled electrodynamic clockwork, comprising housing means; first and second mounting means on said housing means said second mounting means including a shaft means mounted in said housing means; a pendulum including an upper part mounted on said first mounting means for swinging movement about a first axis, a lower part, and joint means connecting said lower part with said upper part for angular movement about a second axis transverse to said first axis; control lever means mounted on said second mounting means secured to said shaft means for angular movement about a third axis substantially coextensive with said first axis said second mounting means including a shaft means mounted in said housing means, and being shorter than said pendulum; coupling means connecting said control lever means with said lower part of said pendulum for swinging movement with said pendulum, and for angular movement of said lower part about said second axis relative to said control lever means into a vertical plane upon a displacement of said housing means with said first and second mounting means, said control lever means, and said upper part; spring means abutting said shaft means for urging said shaft means in axial direction until said shaft means abuts said housing means; magnet means secured to said control lever means for swinging movement with the same along a path secured to said shaft means; and winding means directly secured to said housing means spring means abutting said shaft means for urging said shaft means in axial direction until said shaft means abuts said housing means; spaced from said path so that said magnet means pass said winding means at a constant distance during swinging movement of said control lever means irrespective of angular movements of said lower part of said pendulum relative to said control lever means about said second axis into a vertical plane.

4. Pendulum controlled electrodynamic clockwork, comprising housing means; first and second mounting means on said housing means, said second mounting means including a tensioned wire secured to said housing means, and a sleeve mounted on said wire for turning movement; a pendulum including an upper part mounted on said first mounting means for swinging movement about a first axis, a lower part, and joint means connecting said lower part with said upper part for angular movement about a second axis transverse to said first axis; control lever means mounted on said second mounting means for angular movement about a third axis substantially coextensive with said first axis in a first plane perpendicular to said third axis, and being shorter than said pendulum, said control lever means being secured to said sleeve; coupling means connecting said control lever means with said lower part of said pendulum for swinging movement with said pendulum, and for angular movement of said lower part about said second axis relative to said control lever means into a vertical plane upon a displacement of said housing means with said first and second mounting means, said control lever means, and said upper part; magnet Means secured to said control lever means for swinging movement with the same along a path located in a second plane parallel to said first plane; and winding means directly secured to said housing means and having a surface parallel to said first and second planes and uniformly spaced from said path so that said magnet means pass said winding means at a constant distance during swinging movement of said control lever means irrespective of angular movements of said lower part of said pendulum relative to said control lever means about said second axis into a vertical plane.

5. Electrodynamic clockwork as claimed in claim 2 wherein said lower part of said pendulum projects downward out of said housing means; wherein the lower end of said control lever means is located in said housing means; and wherein said magnet means is located in said housing means secured to said lower end of said control lever means.

7. Electrodynamic clockwork as claimed in claim 2 wherein said winding means are located at the same side of said magnet means; and wherein said pendulum is located on the other side of said magnet means.

9. Electrodynamic clockwork as claimed in claim 2 wherein said magnet means include first and second magnets; wherein said control lever means includes a substantially horizontal arm supporting said first and second magnets spaced from each other for movement along two spaced paths; and wherein said winding means are supported in said housing means located between said first and second magnets and passed by said first and second magnets on opposite sides during movement of said first and second magnets along said paths.

11. Electrodynamic clockwork as claimed in claim 1 wherein said housing means has an open recess; wherein said winding means include a support plate secured to said recess, and circuit means and windings mounted on said support plate and located in said housing means opposite said path of said magnet means.

12. Electrodynamic clockwork as claimed in claim 2 wherein said control lever means has a lower end portion to which said magnet means is secured; and wherein said lower end portion consists of a magnetizable material so that the flux of said magnet means closes in said lower magnetizable end portion.