US374999A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

-( 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

- A. BITTER, Jr.

FURNACE. No. 374,999. Patented Dec. 20, 1887;

Q 4 V MM/h (No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2. A. BITTER, Jr.

FURNACE.

Patented Dec. 20, 1887.

attorney (Nb Model.) a Sheets-Sheet 3.

A. BITTER, Jr.

FURNAGR I No. 374,999. Patented Dec. 20, 1887.

ATTEST INVENTOR:

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANDREW BITTER, JR, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 374,999, dated December 20, 1887.

Application filed January 10, 1884. Serial No.117.067.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that-I, ANDREW BITTER, J r., a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boiler Furnaces; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming apart of this specification.

The present invention relates more especially to that class of furnaces described in Letters Patent No. 290,270, issued to me Decem' ber 18, 1883, for improvement in steam-boiler furnaces; and the objects of the present improvement are, first, to afford means for sustaining the voussoirs or arch-bricks composing the arched furnace-top in proper position against any tendency to undue settling of any one of the same with relation to another, due to the excessive changes of temperature to which the furnace-arch is exposed in the present type of furnace second, to provide a cheap and durable means for forming the fuelfeeding pockets of the furnace, and at the same time furnish an abutment for the sustaining bars or frame of the arch-bricks; third, to furnish means for agitating the fuel within the fuel-pockets, so as to cause the same to feed faster or slower onto the inclined fire-grates of the furnace; fourth, to afford means whereby the feed-opening or capacity of the fuelpockets can be adjusted, as required, in the regulation of the fire; and, fifth, to providemeans for the introduction of a supply of cold air into the rear part of the ash-pit and underneath the rear portion of the fire-grates, in order to equalize the temperature in the ash-pit and prevent burning out of the rear end of the fire-grates. I attain such objects by the construction of parts illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a horizontal steam-boiler furnace to which my improvements are adapted. Fig. 2 is a view, one-half in front elevation and one-half in transverse section, through the furnace-chamber. Fig. 3 is a half-horizontal section at lines a m and w m, respectively, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a (No model.)

posing said arch; and Fig. 5, an enlarged detail transverse section of the furnace.

Similar letters of reference indicate like parts in the several views.

The present invention relates, mainly, to means for sustaining the furnace-arch in proper shape, in order to resist in a very perfect manner the natural tendency to settle, due to the excessive changes of temperature to which it is exposed. This I attain by the use of metallic arch bars A, extending from abutment to abutment, around which the arch-bricks or voussoirs B are built. (See Figs. 1 and 4.) It is preferable to make the arch-bars A of an inverted-T shape, yet any other suitablyshaped bar may be used, as found most de' sirable or convenient, the arch-bricks having recesses b of a shape corresponding to that of such bars. By this construction a double purpose is attained first, an effective support for the archbricks, and, second, the incasement of the arch bars and the protection of the same from the direct action of the fire. The archbars rest upon flanged abutment-plates G, suitably attached to the furnace side walls, and it is preferred to so construct these plates that they will form protecting-linings c for the fuelfeeding pockets D.

The end pocket liner pieces, -c',are made tubular, as shown, so as to form a passage or conduit from the top of the furnace to the interior or fire'chamber ofthe same, thepurpose of such tubular construction being threefoldfirst, to introduce a supply of fresh air to promote combustion of the fuel; second, to prevent buckling of the liner by the excessive heat to which it is exposed, and, third, to conduct back into the fire-chamber any gusts of smoke or gases escaping from the mouths of the feedingpockets.

In order to prevent the melting or sagging down of the rear portion of the fire-grate in this class of furnaces, and which is caused by the excessive temperature to which such por tion of the grate is exposed, I employ the following means to prevent such i nj urions results, to wit: a current of cool air introduced into the rear portion of the ash-pit and immediately underneath the rear portion of the fire grate through a line or passage, E, extending from the front of the furnace horizontally through the side walls of the same and arranged as near to the ground as practical. By this construction the temperature at the rear' end of the ash-pit can be brought to a uniform degree with that of the balance of the pit and afford a supply of cold air to all parts of the fire-grate, and thus effectually prevent any portion of the same from becoming unduly heated.

To more effectually regulate and control the temperature in theash-pit, I provide said passage E with an adjustable door or damper, e, and also provide an adjustable door or damper, F, preferably of a butterfly form, as shown, in the ash-pit doorway, so that by the regulation of such doors or dampers e F the admission of air and the consequent temperature of the ash-pit can be regulated and controlled as circumstances may require. 7

The amount of fuel contained in the fuelpockets D is controlled by a hinged chokeplate,d, arranged at one side of the same, and which, when in its down position, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5, permits of the pocket being filled to its full capacity with fuel, and when turned to its up position, as shown in full lines in Fig. 5, limits or decreases the holding capacity of the pockets in accordance with the use of the furnace in heavy or light firing.

To agitate and feed the fuel from the feedpocket-s down onto the inclined furnace-grates I provide a semi-rotary shaker or agitator, d,

. to stir up and agitate the fuel, so as to cause it to feed down onto such grates, movement being communicated to such shaker by a crank-arm, d", arranged outside of the furnace. 7 I am aware that prior to my invention it was a common expedient to employ iron girders to form the pier or abutment-points for a series of arches that forms the roof of a fur nace or the horizontal partition or floor of a building. I am also aware that a supply of heated air has been conducted vertically down through the side walls of a furnace and discharged underneath the fire-grates to promote combustion. I therefore do not claim either of these features of construction, broadly.

I am further aware that it is not new to tie or brace cylindrical, 850., walls of grairrbins, &c., by circular or annular tension-bars, as

bricks or voussoirs 13, having recesses b in their sides to receive the arch-bars, in combination with the furnace side walls, essentially as set forth.

8. An arch for furnaces, consisting of shaped arch-bars A,extendin.g from abutment to abutment, and arch-bricks B, having recesses bin their sides, essentially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. An arch for furnaces,provided with fuelfeeding pockets D, the lining-frame of which forms abutments for the arch-supporting bars A, essentially as set forth.

5. In an arch for furnaces,having fuel-feeding pockets D, the end liners,c,made tubular, for the purpose set forth.

6. In a furnace of the form described, the vertical fuel-feeding pockets D, adapted to carry the fuel down onto the fire-grates and provided with a hinged choke-plate, cl, as described, and for the purpose set fort-h.

7. In a furnace of the form described, the vertical fuel-feeding pockets D, adapted to conduct the fuel down onto the fire-grates, and provided with a hinged choke-plate, d, and a semi-rotary agitator, d, as described, and for the purpose set forth.

8. In a furnace, the conduit E, arranged as herein described, and provided with a damper, 0, in combination with the ash-pit doorway provided with a hinged door or damper, F, essentially as set forth.

In testimony whereof witness my hand this 5th day of January, 1884.

ANDREW BITTER, JR.

In presence of ROBERT BURNS, A. CAMPBELL.

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