US3749947A - Switch devices - Google Patents

Switch devices Download PDF

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Publication number
US3749947A
US3749947A US00284154A US3749947DA US3749947A US 3749947 A US3749947 A US 3749947A US 00284154 A US00284154 A US 00284154A US 3749947D A US3749947D A US 3749947DA US 3749947 A US3749947 A US 3749947A
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United States
Prior art keywords
output
switch device
driving
projections
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00284154A
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English (en)
Inventor
T Kawada
H Takahashi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Denki Onkyo Co Ltd
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Denki Onkyo Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Denki Onkyo Co Ltd filed Critical Denki Onkyo Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/965—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch
    • H03K17/967—Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch having a plurality of control members, e.g. keyboard
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
    • H03K5/15—Arrangements in which pulses are delivered at different times at several outputs, i.e. pulse distributors
    • H03K5/15013—Arrangements in which pulses are delivered at different times at several outputs, i.e. pulse distributors with more than two outputs
    • H03K5/15026—Arrangements in which pulses are delivered at different times at several outputs, i.e. pulse distributors with more than two outputs with asynchronously driven series connected output stages
    • H03K5/15046—Arrangements in which pulses are delivered at different times at several outputs, i.e. pulse distributors with more than two outputs with asynchronously driven series connected output stages using a tapped delay line
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/23—Construction or mounting of dials or of equivalent devices; Means for facilitating the use thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
    • H04R17/04—Gramophone pick-ups using a stylus; Recorders using a stylus
    • H04R17/08—Gramophone pick-ups using a stylus; Recorders using a stylus signals being recorded or played back by vibration of a stylus in two orthogonal directions simultaneously
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S200/00—Electricity: circuit makers and breakers
    • Y10S200/20—Sound and vibration operated

Definitions

  • SWITCH DEVICES 75 1 Inventors: Takehiko Kawada, Hiroaki Takahashi, both of Yokohama, a a
  • a switch device comprises an elongated member made of piezoelectric material and provided-:yvith a plurality of spaced apart lateral projections and driving means connected to the member.
  • driving means When the driving means is excited by AC voltage it vibrates the elongated member in the longitudinal direction.
  • the member acts to transform the longitudinal vibration intolateral vibrations in the projections.
  • Output members are disposed to face respective projections and are selectively urged into engagement with the projections to produce output voltages.
  • the voltage across the load resistor 11b comprises a switch signal corresponding to the operation of the push button.
  • electrodes 2a and 2b on the opposite ends of polarized elements 3a to 3n-- which act as driving elements are connected across a source of alternating current 1 and output elements 4a to 4n having substantially the same member of mechanical vibration as that of the driving elements3a to 3n are disposed respectively in the directions of vibrations of the driving elements. Pairs of driving elements and output elements coaxial therewith constitute switch units 5athrough 5n. Each of the driving elements 3a through 3n.
  • each output element 4a through 4n comprises a piezoelectric element or a magnetostriction element made of lead zirconate titanate, barium titanate or the like which undergoes a mechanical vibration when excited by an excitation signal or produces an electrical signal when acted upon by a mechanical vibration.
  • piezoelectric. elements are used.
  • rectifiers a through 10n each comprising diodes 7 and 8 arid a capacitor 9,'and the outputs of respective rectifiers are connected across load resistors 1 1a through lln, respectively.
  • each output element is provided with a push button which urges the output element into engagement with a cooperating driving element.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a switch device of simplified construction in which only one driving member is used for a plurality of output members.
  • a switch device comprising an elongated member provided with a plurality of substantially equally spaced apart lateral projections along the length thereof, driving means secured tothe, elongated member, means to'apply an excitationsignal to the driving means to cause it to'vibrate mechanically, the elongated member acting to transform the longitudinal vibration imparted thereto by the driving memberinto lateral vibrations in the projections, a plurality of outpu't'members'capable of generatingelectric signals when applied with mechanical vibrations, the output members being disposed to respectively confront the projections, and means to bring a selected one of the output members into engagement with a corresponding projection thereby producing an electric signal from the selected output member.
  • FIG. 1 is the reproduction of FIG. 3 of said copending application Ser. No. 164,401;
  • FIG. 3 is a view to explain the operation of the member for changing the direction of vibration shown in FIG. 2; and V FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a ment of this invention.
  • FIG. 2- shows a preferred embodiment of the invention in which the same or corresponding portions are modified .embodidesignated by the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1.
  • the embodiment shown therein comprises a member 1 12 for transforming the direction-of vibration with a driving element 13 excitedby a source of alternating current, fixed to one end.
  • the member 12 resonates to the vibration of the driving element 1 and is provided with a plurality of equally spaced apart lateral projections 14a through 14!: along thelength thereof.
  • the output elements 4a through 4n are disposed to opposed the projections through l4n, respectively, with a definite gap therebetween. In operation, when the output voltage of the AC source 1 is impressed across the driving element 13, the
  • FIG. 2 shows a connection diagram of one example source 1 to drive member 12.
  • the member 12 When the member 12 is driven by a mechanical vibration having frequency nealy equal to the natural frequency thereof, it vibrates in the longitudinal direction, and a portion of the vibration is connected into lateral vibrations in the projections 14a through 14n, as shown by solid line and dotted-lines shown in FIG. 3.
  • lateral mechanical vibrations of the opposite phase mode are created in the projections so that it is possible to drive the output members 4a through 4n in the same manner as in FIG. 1.
  • the member 12 If the frequency of the driving vibration is increased slightly, the member 12 creates a mechanical resonance of the same phase mode; I
  • an output element for example 4b associated with the push button is caused to engage projection 14b.
  • the projection 14b is caused to vibrate in its longitudinal direction the vibration thereof is transmitted to the output member 4b to generate an output voltage across its output electrodes 6a and 6b.
  • This output voltage is rectified and smoothed out by the rectifier and the rectified voltage is supplied to the load resistor 11b whereby a switch signal is produced across the resistor while the push .button is depressed or during the internal in which the output member 4b is in engagement with the projection 14b.
  • a solid state detector comprising a crystal having an electrostrictive characteristic and excited by an AC voltage and rod like follower elements disposed along the length of the crystal with a small gap between the follower elements and the crystal so that when the crystal is excited by a signal at a given frequency the upper surface thereof vibrates up and down to collide with the lower ends of the follower elements thus creating an elastic collision between them.
  • the vibration energy applied to one end of the crystal is transmitted longitudinally to the crystal at the sonic speed so that the vibration energy transmitted to a particular one of the follower elements is delayed by a time proportional to the distance between that follower element and one end of the crystal across which the driving voltage is applied.
  • the member 12 vibrates at the resonance frequency all projections vibrate simultaneously without time lag therebetween as shown by the solid and dotted lines in FIG.
  • a member 12 having a resonance fre- I quency of 135 KHZ was manufactured. It had following dimensions: lateral width 0, length of the projections a width of the projections a, 6 mm. The length of driving element and the output elements was both 10 mm. The spacing between adjacent projections l 18 mm. The spacing 1 between a support and one side of the projection on one end l4.75 mm. The spacing 1, between the support and one end surface of the member 8.75. Since at the positions of the supports, there is no interference on the waveform by the projection,
  • said driving member comprises a piezoelectric element 4 1 the member vibrates smoothly thereby shortening the wave length.
  • FIG. 4 shows a modified embodiment of this invention wherein a member 15 for changing the direction of vibration comprises a plurality of parallel longitudinal elements 16a to 16b which are connected together by a cross-bar 17, each element having the same configuration as the member .12 of the first embodiment.
  • Projections 18 of the elements 16a to 16d are arranged in a matrix. Although only one is shown, a plurality of output elements 19 connected with push buttons, not shown, are disposed to oppose the upper surface of respective projections with small gaps therebetween. These output elements are normally biased away from the projections.
  • the member 15 for changing the direction of vibration is supported by supports having a triangular cross-sectional configuration.
  • the driving member 20 When the driving member 20 is driven by the output voltage of the source its vibration istransmitted to respective longitudinal elements 16a-16d to create transverse vibrations in respective projections 18. Under these conditions when any one of the push buttons is depressed, the output element associatedtherewith is tions and a plurality of driven elements are disposed in a matrix, it is possible to drive any one of the driven elements by a single driving element.
  • the driving element and the output elements take the form of piezoelectric elements the driving element may be of any type that can generate mechanical vibrations when excited by an electric signal and the output element may also be of any type that can generate electric signal when energized bymechanical vibrations. Further, it should be understood that the driving element may be secured to any projection of the member for changing the direc-. tion of vibration.
  • the invention provides an improved switch device of simplified construction which can selectively drive a plurality of switch units with a single driving unit.
  • a switch device comprising an elongated member provided with a plurality of substantially equally spaced apart lateral projections along the length thereof, driving means secured to saidmember, means to apply an excitation signal tosaid driving means to cause it to vi,-.
  • each one of said output members comprises a piezoelectric element including a polarized bar of piezoeleceach one of said output member includes a rectifier connected across a load resistor across which an output signal is formed.
  • said member for changing the direction of vibration comprises a plurality of parallel longitudinal elements, each provided with a plurality of spaced apart lateral projections along the length of the elements, the lateral projections being disposed in a matrix, a cross-bar interconnecting one ends of said longitudinal elements,

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Switches Operated By Changes In Physical Conditions (AREA)
  • Telephone Set Structure (AREA)
  • Input From Keyboards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)
US00284154A 1971-08-28 1972-08-28 Switch devices Expired - Lifetime US3749947A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP46065561A JPS4831809A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-08-28 1971-08-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3749947A true US3749947A (en) 1973-07-31

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US00284154A Expired - Lifetime US3749947A (en) 1971-08-28 1972-08-28 Switch devices

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JP (1) JPS4831809A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4137475A (en) * 1975-04-28 1979-01-30 Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Thin film, thermoplastic piezoelectric switches
US4798990A (en) * 1986-09-11 1989-01-17 Bengt Henoch Device for transmitting electric energy to computers and data nets
US5274878A (en) * 1991-07-23 1994-01-04 Cen-Tec Systems Inc. Remote control system for central vacuum systems
US5343590A (en) * 1992-02-11 1994-09-06 Lindsay Manufacturing, Inc. Low voltage central vacuum control handle with an air flow sensor
US5801475A (en) * 1993-09-30 1998-09-01 Mitsuteru Kimura Piezo-electricity generation device
US5982612A (en) * 1996-02-15 1999-11-09 Mallinckrodt & Mallinckrodt Apparatus for automatically deploying a computer keyboard into an operative position from a storage position
US20060175931A1 (en) * 2004-01-14 2006-08-10 Brantner Paul C Method and apparatus for a high output sensor system

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3112486A (en) * 1958-04-07 1963-11-26 Zenith Radio Corp Remote control system
US3395295A (en) * 1964-09-08 1968-07-30 Stanford Research Inst Solid-state detector
US3648279A (en) * 1970-05-14 1972-03-07 Rca Corp Multielectrode transducer element
US3696259A (en) * 1967-12-25 1972-10-03 Eiji Mori Device for distributing vibratory energy

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3112486A (en) * 1958-04-07 1963-11-26 Zenith Radio Corp Remote control system
US3395295A (en) * 1964-09-08 1968-07-30 Stanford Research Inst Solid-state detector
US3696259A (en) * 1967-12-25 1972-10-03 Eiji Mori Device for distributing vibratory energy
US3648279A (en) * 1970-05-14 1972-03-07 Rca Corp Multielectrode transducer element

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4137475A (en) * 1975-04-28 1979-01-30 Kureha Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Thin film, thermoplastic piezoelectric switches
US4798990A (en) * 1986-09-11 1989-01-17 Bengt Henoch Device for transmitting electric energy to computers and data nets
US5274878A (en) * 1991-07-23 1994-01-04 Cen-Tec Systems Inc. Remote control system for central vacuum systems
US5343590A (en) * 1992-02-11 1994-09-06 Lindsay Manufacturing, Inc. Low voltage central vacuum control handle with an air flow sensor
US5801475A (en) * 1993-09-30 1998-09-01 Mitsuteru Kimura Piezo-electricity generation device
US5982612A (en) * 1996-02-15 1999-11-09 Mallinckrodt & Mallinckrodt Apparatus for automatically deploying a computer keyboard into an operative position from a storage position
US20060175931A1 (en) * 2004-01-14 2006-08-10 Brantner Paul C Method and apparatus for a high output sensor system
US7274130B2 (en) * 2004-01-14 2007-09-25 Infinite Power Solutions, Inc. Method and apparatus for a high output sensor system

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Publication number Publication date
JPS4831809A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-04-26

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