US3749384A - Process and apparatus for quenching without distorting rotation-symmetrical work pieces heated to hardening temperature - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for quenching without distorting rotation-symmetrical work pieces heated to hardening temperature Download PDF

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Publication number
US3749384A
US3749384A US00199937A US3749384DA US3749384A US 3749384 A US3749384 A US 3749384A US 00199937 A US00199937 A US 00199937A US 3749384D A US3749384D A US 3749384DA US 3749384 A US3749384 A US 3749384A
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United States
Prior art keywords
axis
rollers
carriages
splashing
work piece
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00199937A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Werner
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Voestalpine AG
Voest AG
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Voestalpine AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process and apparatus for quenching rotation-symmetrical work pieces having a projecting rim portion such as a flange, without distorting them. This is achieved by supporting the work piece by groups of rollers engaging said rim portion and possibly also the adjoining zone of the arched part and creating a relative movement between the work piece and the rollers while splashing a quenching liquid ontothe work piece.
  • the invention relates to a process for quenching without distorting rotation-symmetrical work pieces heated to hardening temperature, said work pieces comprising a free margin or flange, in particular boiler floors and similar arched sheet press parts or cast parts, by means of a quenching liquid, preferably water; and to an apparatus for carrying out the process.
  • rotation-symmetrical work pieces such as boiler floors and the like, which, compared to their diameter, have a relatively small wall thickness, are directly immersed in a basin tilled with a quenching liquid discernable they have been taken out of a hardening furnace.
  • the boiler floors are more or less distorted, which fact becomes apparent primarily in a change of the diameter in the area of the projecting rim or flange.
  • This distortion is caused by a non-uniform cooling over the wall thickness and if the work piece is made of alloyed steel by the structure tranformation taking place during the rapid cooling of the steel.
  • the distortion discrenable at the quenched work piece may, however, have originated prior to hardening during other processing methods, e.g.
  • the invention is aimed at creating a process for quenching rotation-symmetrical work pieces without distorting them, using a quenching liquid, preferably water; this aim is achieved in that, while the work piece is quenched by splashing the quenching liquid on it, at least the margin or flange of the work piece is supported or straightened, respectively, by adjustable rollers arranged around the circumference of the work piece, a relative movement being effected between the work piece and the rollers.
  • a quenching liquid preferably water
  • the relative movement is preferably effected by rotating the work piece around its axis of symmetry.
  • the adjoining'annular zone of the arched partof the work piece e. g. the boiler floor, may be supported.
  • the rollers may be adjusted or tightened, respectively, by overcoming a constant counter pressure, e.g. against the action of a spring.
  • An apparatus for carrying out the process according to the invention is characterized by a group of rollers arranged stationarily around an axis, whose horizontal rotation axes converge in a stellate manner to said axis in order to form a support for the work piece, and by a further group of rollers arranged like a'wreath around said axis and being displaceable in relation thereto, i.e. adjustable against the margin or flange of the work piece and by means for splashing the quenching liquid onto the work piece.
  • a further group of rollers arranged like a wreath around the axis and adjustable in relation thereto for supporting the annular zone of the arched part of the work piece adjacent to the free margin or flange may be provided.
  • the stationary rollers are mounted to be rotatable in an inner and in an outer supporting ring and connected at their converging ends to a bevel wheel and all bevel wheels are in engagement with a spur wheel arranged centrally in the apparatus and having a vertical rotation axis, one of the rollers being drivable by a motor.
  • rollers adjustable in relation to the axis are suitably mounted in carriages guided on roller tracks, each carriage being provided with at least one roller having a vertical rotation axis and with at least one roller having a slanting rotation axis, said roller with slanting rotation axis being resiliently mounted in a support which is displaceable on the carriage frame.
  • an adjustment means is provided in the middle of the inner supporting ring, said means comprising a hydraulic cylinder and a piston extensible in downward direction with a plateshaped body fixed thereto, connecting rods articulated to the carriage frame of the individual carriages being linked to said plate-shaped body.
  • each carriage suitably splashing water containers and splashing tubes with nozzles are arranged which are connected to an annular conduit for the supply of the quenching liquid, the splashing tubes'arranged on each carriage being preferably slewable around a horizontal axis.
  • FIG. 1 is a ground planof the apparatus in simplified representation.
  • FIG. 2 is a radial sectional view of one half of the apparatus along line [1-11 in FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale.
  • FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view along line III-III of FIG. 2.
  • numeral 1 denotes twelve stationarily mounted driven rollers whose horizontal rotation axes are arranged in stellate fashion.
  • the rollers l are mounted in supporting rings 2, 3 assembled from segments.
  • the vertical axis of symmetry 4 of the apparatus passes through the star point in which the rotation axes of the rollers l intersect.
  • One of the rollers 1 is, driven by a motor 5.
  • the rollers 1 are connected at their converging ends to a bevel wheel 6 each.
  • the bevel wheels 6 are in engagement with a spur wheel 7 which is arranged centrally within the supporting ring 3 and is rotatable around the vertical axis 4; thus it will suffice when only one of the rollers l is driven to move all other rollers.
  • the supporting rings 2, 3 are connected by roller tracks 8; on each-pair of roller tracks a carriage 9 is displaceable in horizontal direction along one roller 1.
  • the number of roller track pairs corresponds to the number of horizontal rollers 1; However, in order to keep the drawing clear, only a single carriage 9 is shown in FIG. 1.
  • On each carriage 9 two rollers 10 are arranged which are rotatable around a vertical axis and not driven; their outlines are shown in FIG.
  • each carriage 9 is provided with two splashing tubes 12 which are slewable around a horizontal axis 30; the tubes are joined to a water container 13 (FIG. 2).
  • a hose 14 By means of a hose 14 the water container 13 is connected with the annular conduit 15 for the supply of quenching liquid (of water).
  • Numeral l6 denotes the connections for the hoses 14 leading to the individual carriages 9.
  • a displacement means 17 which is adapted to be hydraulically operated is arranged for a uniform displacement of the carriages 9; the structure of this displacement means and how it functions will be explained in greater detail with reference to FIG. 2.
  • Numeral 18, FIG. 1, denotes horizontally arranged, stationary splashing tubes which are mounted between the rollers 1 and joined to the annular conduit 15.
  • Numeral 19 denotes the upwardly directed nozzles for the outflow of the quenching liquid (water).
  • K denotes a boiler floor which according to the steel quality has been taken at a temperature of 800 to l,lC from a bogie type kiln or chamber furnace (not shown in the drawing) and supported on the rollers l.
  • the floor center M coincides with the vertical axis 4; on this axis lie the point of intersection of the axes of the rollers l and the center of the circular path on which the rotation axes of the rollers are arranged.
  • the rollers 10 are brought in abutment on the flange R of the boiler floor by actuating the adjustment means 17.
  • the adjustment means 17 comprises a hydraulic cylinder 20 which is fixed by means of a plate 21 and ribs 22 to the supporting ring 3, and a piston 23 which is displaceable within the cylinder; the supporting ring 3 is, in turn, mounted on a foundation, not shown in the drawing.
  • a'plate-shaped body 24 is fixed.
  • connection rods 25 are linked, each of which, in turn, is articulately connected via a holding means 26 with a carriage frame 27 of the carriages 9.
  • Each carriage frame 27 is displaceable by means of wheels 28 on the roller tracks 8 in direction of the double arrow shown in FIG. 2.
  • Numeral 29 denotes an opening in the carriage frame 27 which is penetrated by a roller 1 (FIG. 3).
  • the upper part of the carriage frame 27 contains a support 31 on which the roller 11 is mounted to be resilient or limitedly yielding; the means for resilient mounting are not shown.
  • the support 31 is adjustable by means of a threaded spindle 32 in vertical direction so that the roller 11 may be tightened to or elastically pressed against any shape of boiler floors, i.e. to the annular zone adjacent to the flange R.
  • Numeral 33 denotes a splashing water container connected to the supporting body 3, which container is connected to the annular conduit by a conduit not shown.
  • the boiler floor K is uniformly quenched on its inner side by the water issuing from the nozzles 19 of the splashing water container 33 and of the stationary splashing tubes 18 and simultaneously at its outer side by the water issuing from the nozzles 19 of the slewable splashing tubes 12.
  • the position of the rollers 10 may be read from an indicator not shown, which is mechanically and electrically connected to the adjustment means 17 or to the carriages 9, respectively, and on a dial or an indicator tape directly indicates the outer diameter of the flange R to which the rollers 10 are adjusted.
  • this indicator it is possible to correct the diameter of the boiler floor K during quenching by displacing the rollers 10; the rollers 10 may, if desired, also be used for effecting a certain shaping work to which end they may also be driven.
  • the rollers 11 are provided so as to prevent the flange R from evading in upward direction because of the lateral pressure exerted by the rollers 10; the rollers 11 may be adjusted in height by the threaded spindle being actuated. Owing to their resilientmounting enabling them to yield to a degree, the pressure exerted by them cannot lead to an undesired deformation of the boiler floors.
  • the apparatus may also comprise further rollers or roller groups adjustable to one or several annular zones of the boiler floors K; for example, it is possible to provide supporting rollers for supporting boiler floors having a particularly small wall thickness which are adjust- .able to the inner side of the floors; such rollers may likewise be mounted on the carriages 9. Further, a central supporting roller may be provided which acts from within in the area of the boiler floor center M; such roller may be displaceable by means of a hydraulic lifting cylinder in direction of the axis 4, so that the arch (arch depth) of the boiler floor K'is changeable to some limited extent, the lifting cylinder may be mounted above the displacement means 17 and penetrate the splashing water container 33.
  • the apparatus may be reset without undue expenditure so as to be used for rotation-symmetrical work pieces of different shapes (arch curves) and different outer diameters.
  • the rollers l l and the slewable splashing means 12 may simultaneously be adjusted or moved, respectively, by .telecontrolled shifting elements, so that a fully mechanised, automated operation is possible.
  • a time relay may be provided (not shown in the drawing) which may be timed to the desired quenching period, so that the water supply is automatically started and ended.
  • Apparatus for distortion-free quenching rotationsymmetrical work pieces having a projecting rim portion and heated to hardening temperature comprising a group. of rollers arranged stationarily around an axis and having horizontal rotation axes converging in stellate manner to said axis so as to form a support for the work piece, at least one further group of rollers arranged like a wreath around said axis and being displaceable in relation to said axis and adjustable against said rim portion, and means for splashing quenching liquid onto said work piece.
  • rollers are each mounted to be rotatable in an inner and in an outer supporting ring and connected at their converging ends to a bevel wheel, and all bevel wheels are in engagement with a spur wheel arranged centrally in the apparatus and having a vertical rotation axis, one of said rollers being drivable by a motor.
  • rollers adjustable in relation to said axis are mounted in carriages guided on roller tracks, each carriage being provided with at least one roller with a vertical rotation axis and with at least one roller with a slanting rotation axis, said roller with slanting rotation axis being resiliently mounted in a support which is displaceable on a frame of said carriage.
  • rollers are mounted in inner and outer supporting rings and said rollers adjustable in relation to said axis are mounted on carriages guided on roller tracks extending between said rings, an adjustment means being provided in the middle of the inner supporting ring for a uniform displacement of said carriages in radial direction of said axis, said adjustment means comprising a hydraulic cylinder and a piston extensible in downward direction, with a plate-shaped body fixed thereto, connecting rods articulated to a frame of each of said carriages being linked to said plate-shaped body.
  • rollers adjustable in relation to said axis are mounted on radially movable carriages provided with splashing tubes slewable around a horizontal axis for a controlled angle of impingement of said splashing liquid on said work piece.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
US00199937A 1970-11-30 1971-11-18 Process and apparatus for quenching without distorting rotation-symmetrical work pieces heated to hardening temperature Expired - Lifetime US3749384A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1074670A AT319306B (de) 1970-11-30 1970-11-30 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum verzugfreien Abschrecken von auf Härtetemperatur erhitzten rotationssymmetrischen Werkstücken

Publications (1)

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US3749384A true US3749384A (en) 1973-07-31

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US00199937A Expired - Lifetime US3749384A (en) 1970-11-30 1971-11-18 Process and apparatus for quenching without distorting rotation-symmetrical work pieces heated to hardening temperature

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Country Link
US (1) US3749384A (xx)
JP (1) JPS518729B1 (xx)
AT (1) AT319306B (xx)
CH (1) CH575998A5 (xx)
CS (1) CS161925B2 (xx)
DE (1) DE2100407C3 (xx)
FR (1) FR2116160A5 (xx)
GB (1) GB1328036A (xx)
IT (1) IT965015B (xx)
PL (1) PL77030B1 (xx)
SE (1) SE383532B (xx)
YU (1) YU34544B (xx)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3932238A (en) * 1975-01-24 1976-01-13 Drever Company Method and apparatus for quenching pipe
US4461462A (en) * 1981-11-18 1984-07-24 Nippon Steel Corporation Apparatus for cooling steel pipe

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1524578A (en) * 1922-11-25 1925-01-27 Christer P Sandberg Heat treatment of steel tires and wheels

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1524578A (en) * 1922-11-25 1925-01-27 Christer P Sandberg Heat treatment of steel tires and wheels

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3932238A (en) * 1975-01-24 1976-01-13 Drever Company Method and apparatus for quenching pipe
US4461462A (en) * 1981-11-18 1984-07-24 Nippon Steel Corporation Apparatus for cooling steel pipe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2100407A1 (de) 1972-05-31
YU34544B (en) 1979-09-10
GB1328036A (en) 1973-08-22
YU300871A (en) 1979-02-28
DE2100407C3 (de) 1981-01-08
SE383532B (sv) 1976-03-15
JPS518729B1 (xx) 1976-03-19
IT965015B (it) 1974-01-31
CH575998A5 (xx) 1976-05-31
FR2116160A5 (xx) 1972-07-07
PL77030B1 (xx) 1975-02-28
AT319306B (de) 1974-12-10
CS161925B2 (xx) 1975-06-10
DE2100407B2 (de) 1980-04-24

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