US3749314A - Liquid jet nozzle - Google Patents

Liquid jet nozzle Download PDF

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Publication number
US3749314A
US3749314A US00213363A US3749314DA US3749314A US 3749314 A US3749314 A US 3749314A US 00213363 A US00213363 A US 00213363A US 3749314D A US3749314D A US 3749314DA US 3749314 A US3749314 A US 3749314A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
section
nozzle
liquid
nozzle head
stem
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00213363A
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English (en)
Inventor
C Robinson
K Merklin
W Wood
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Marcona Corp
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Marcona Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Marcona Corp filed Critical Marcona Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3749314A publication Critical patent/US3749314A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C13/00—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use
    • A62C13/003—Extinguishers with spraying and projection of extinguishing agents by pressurised gas
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/005—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material using nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G53/00—Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes or tubes by floating the materials or by flow of gas, liquid or foam
    • B65G53/30—Conveying materials in bulk through pipes or tubes by liquid pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
    • E02F3/92—Digging elements, e.g. suction heads
    • E02F3/9206—Digging devices using blowing effect only, like jets or propellers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F7/00—Equipment for conveying or separating excavated material
    • E02F7/10—Pipelines for conveying excavated materials

Definitions

  • Liquid Jet Nozzle including nozzle head, input stem 239/225 265 35 section with straightening vanes and an output nozzle orifice. Flow pattern is re-entrant with respect to the input stream and is caused to change through a sub- ⁇ 56 ⁇ References Cited stantial angular direction and increase in velocity while maintaining minimum of turbulence.
  • a liquid stream to traverse and impact material which may be stored in a vessel such as a railroad car, ship's hold, or other container or which may be contained within a larger body of material as a pile of ore tailings or muds in order to resuspend or agitate such materials.
  • the liquid jet nozzle of the present invention particularly concerns the delivering of a moving high energy coherent liquid stream into discrete materials and, more particularly, to the pulping of such discrete materials into a pumpable slurry for transportation through pipelines.
  • the nozzle design disclosed herein also will find application in many situations in which it is desired to develop such a coherent liquid stream from a liqudi source having passed through a substantial angle, while avoiding the creation of turbulence or other dispersive forces.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a liquid jet nozzle of the above character which is particularly applicable for installation in a vessel, such as a ships hold or tank and for carrying out the repulping of mineral solids and other particulate matter therein.
  • the invention concerns a rotatable liquid jet nozzle which may, for example, be mounted for rotation in a suitable housing mounted beneath the inner bottom of a ships hold where the nozzle is supported on a cylindrical stem for rotation.
  • the nozzle generally consists of a continuously tubular member having the shape similar to the curve of a question mark. As to its line of centers the interior of the nozzle continuously reduces in circular sections, first shifting in one direction and then shifting back in the other direction at a substantial angle to the direction of alignment of the stem on which it is mounted.
  • the nozzle is confined within either a real or an imaginary extension of the cylindrical stern so that the nozzle and stem unit is capable of being lowered for concealment from impact, as for example, on ships loading, and later raised to operative position along its axis. After being raised, the cylindrical form of confinement of the entire nozzle permits its being rotated within a body of compacted material without undue resistanee.
  • the mounting stem is carried in suitable housing and extends through a sump formed in the inner bottom of the ship through which repulped slurry is withdrawn and discharged.
  • the nozzle may be suspended by other means and may operate both not only upwardly from beneath the material to be acted upon, but downwardly and into the same.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view of another embodiment showing a modification ol' the nozzle head constructed in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 wherein the overall structure of the jet nozzle of the present invention is set forth in connection with its installation in the inner bottom of the ship having a plurality of water-tight holds formed by bulkheads (not shown).
  • the inner bottom is provided with an opening 12 therein which drains into a sump l4, terminating in its lower portion in a flange ring 16 to which a sealing member 18 and upper housing member 20 are secured, as with bolts 22 and 24.
  • the central portion of the sump is provided with an opening 26 which leads to one side to a discharge outlet 28 to remove material entering the sump.
  • a jet nozzle 30 Centrally disposed within the sump l4 and the opening 26 therein is a jet nozzle 30 to be hereinafter described.
  • the lower end 32 of the upper housing is fitted with a high pressure liquid inlet housing 34 which is sealed from the upper housing by a packing gland 36 and an additional seal 38.
  • the lower end of the inlet housing is provided with a stem bearing and seal 40 which, together with the upper bearing and seal 36, 38, provide support for the stem 42 of the jet nozzle.
  • Means 43 are provided for rotating the jet nozzle and for controlling its elevation, such means being similar to that shown in the aforereferenced application and need not be repeated in detail here.
  • a high pressure source 44 of liquid is connected to the inlet housing through a suitable flange connection 46.
  • the upper end of the shaft extends around the head 52 and is closed with a sealing cap 56 which may be made of metal but is preferably of suitable elastomer material which cushions the impact of material falling thereupon, and in certain applications, as a seal over to the opening of the sump with which it may be associated.
  • the sealing cap extends slightly beyond the perimeter of the nozzle head to provide protection for the nozzle and to effect a closure seal when the unit is lowered into the sump as shown at 58 in FIG. 3.
  • a plurality of straight vanes 58 are positioned (FIG. 2), which may take any of various conformations, that being shown in FIG.
  • the liquid jet nozzle head of the present invention which generally consists of a successive first and second sections 70, 72 terminating at the end of the second portion in a nozzle orifice 74.
  • the first and second sections of the nozzle head carry the liquid through a sweeping are, first in a general direction away from the orifice nozzle along arrow 76 and then back towards it along arrow 78.
  • the entire first and second sections 70, 72 are enclosed within a cylindrical extension 80 of the stem and are connected thereto by a suitable weld at 82. In this way, the entire assembly is adapted for rotation about the axis of cylindrical extension 80 while presenting a minimum of proturbances or other means which might come in contact with adjacent ore or other solids or other matter and impair the ability of the unit to rotate.
  • the first and second sections taken together generally include a forward wall 84 immediately beneath the orifice nozzle 74 and a rear wall 86 which continues from the orifice nozzle into the cylindrical section and becoming gradually more and more tangent therewith.
  • the front wall 84 is re-entrant with respect to the cylindrical surface between the orifice nozzle and the cylindrical stem section at 82 and serves as a continuous throat like closure, while, together with the rear wall, and sid walls 88, 90, forms a generally tubular channel of constantly reducing diameter from the stem section to the orifice nozzle.
  • the nozzle head of the present invention can be described as continuous smooth development of two sections, the lower section extending from line 82 up to about line 92, the latter being the limit of extent of the reentrant dip.
  • This lower section takes the form of an eccentric reducer, having the approximate shape of the frustrum of an oblique cone, the lower front, back, and side walls of which are gradually curved into conformity and convert into tangency with the stem cylinder 42.
  • the oblique cone has a substan tially straight back wall which continues in tangency with the extension, either imaginary or real, of the-stem cylinder, up to the upper limit of this section.
  • the front wall of the section falls inwardly towards the back wall, while maintaining generally circular sections through the side wall.
  • the upper section of the nozzle head extends from line 92 to the orifice nozzle and generally includes a member having the shape of a concentric elbow, the initial diameter of which corresponds to the upper diameter of the lower section 70 and symmetrically reduces in size in a uniformly, continuous manner, to the orifice nozzle.
  • the upper and lower sections are so aligned that their line of centers lies in a plane such that the center line 76 moves rearwardly toward the back wall in the lower section 70 and center line 78 stipulate sively moves forward toward the front wall in the upper angle with respect to the cylindrical stem as it approaches the orifice nozzle.
  • Nozzle orifice 74 is mounted to the end of the nozzle head upper section and is aligned as the converging frustrum 96 of a cone terminating at its outer end in a short cylindrical section 97. The outer edge of the latter is relieved away to form a circular knife edge 98 orifice which facilitates clean separation of flow of the liquid stream as it leaves the orifice.
  • the present nozzle head appears to induce sufficient reduction or compensation in liquid vortex formation as to induce a marked improvement in the resulting jet coherence as measured by jet force of impact and divergence at significant distances from the nozzle.
  • Some additional improvement can be obtained by inserting a second set of straightening vanes 99 immediately before the nozzle orifice as shown in FIG. 5 and by using curved converging vanes (not shown) to continuously connect vanes 99 toward the nozzle.
  • the nozzle of the present invention serves to change the direction and velocity (momentum) of a liquid stream through a substantial angle.
  • a substantial angle refers to an angle of about 90 since stream coherence after redirection through about 90 is a principal objective of the present invention. It has been found, however, that the present invention produces very satisfactorry results when applied to redirection through angles less than 90, even as low as 45.
  • the eccentric collar portion of the nozzle remains about the same, while the reducing elbow portion is changed to reflect the desired amount of redirection.
  • This serves to illustrate a common feature of nozzles constructed in accordance with the present invention, in that the lower or eccentric portion reduces the cross section of the stream without redirecting the stream and cooperates with the other portion to equalize stream velocities.
  • the other reducing portion makes the major change in overall stream direction. In operation the re-entrant path taken by the stream along to arrow 84 tends toward a more nearly equal path length with streams travelling along the back wall along arrow 86. This tend to equalize the velocities of the liquid stream as a whole when taken as a function of progressively rotating cross-sectional areas (FIG. 4) and this reduction in velocity differential is believed to explain the greatly improved performance of the present nozzle.
  • a nozzle head including a cross section of a continuously reduced diameter and adapted to accept a liquid under pressure and to change the momentum of said liquid through a substantial angle and to increase the velocity thereof, comprising a first reduction section consisting of substantially a continuous development of an eccentric reducing collar having the shape of a frustrum of an oblique cone, having a back wall lying on a surface of tangency with an associated source of fluid, and a second section consisting of a member having the shape of a concentric elbow having a bend which lies in the same plane as the center lines of said reducing collar, and oriented to continue back away from the direction of the bend of said reducing collar so that the back wall of said nozzle forms the surface of a generally continuously or redirected elbow lying in a continuously turning surface while the front wall thereof assumes a re-entrant shape, first turning toward said back wall, and then reversing into converging parallelism with the said back wall.
  • stem means comprising a first section-having the shape of a circular cylinder, means for at least partially rotating said stem means about its axis, means for coupling said cylindrical section to a source of liquid under pressure, a nozzle head connected to the one end of said cylindrical section, said head having a first portion formed to fit continuously in alignment with cylindrical section and other portions of progressively reduced cross sections, said nozzle head terminating in a nozzle orifice opening in a plane at a substantial angle to said stem means, said nozzle head including first and second reducing sections, said first reducing section approximating an eccentric reducer having a back wall toward which the center line of said eccentric reducer approaches, said back wall being aligned as a continuation of said stem means, and a front wall, the center of which reentrantly progresses toward said back
  • stem means comprising a first section having the shape of a circular cylinder, means for at least partially rotating said stem means about its axis, means for coupling said cylindrical section to a source of liquid under pressure, a nozzle head connected to the one end of said cylindrical section, said head having a first portion formed to fit continuously in alignment with cylindrical section and other portions of progressively reduced cross sections, said nozzle head terminating in a nozzle orifice opening in a plane at a substantial angle to said stem means, said nozzle head including front and rear walls, the center of the rear wall being substantially in alignment with the cylindrical stem section, said front wall being reentrant with respect to an extension of the cylindrical stem section as a whole and forming a continuous throatlike closure which together with said rear wall,
  • nozzle head of continuously reducing cross section, said nozzle head being constructed and arranged to be confined throughout its extent within an extension of said cylindrical section, thereby serving to change the direction and velocity of the flow of liquid by a substantial angle within that dimension.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
US00213363A 1971-12-29 1971-12-29 Liquid jet nozzle Expired - Lifetime US3749314A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US21336371A 1971-12-29 1971-12-29

Publications (1)

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US3749314A true US3749314A (en) 1973-07-31

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US00213363A Expired - Lifetime US3749314A (en) 1971-12-29 1971-12-29 Liquid jet nozzle

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (1) US3749314A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5247166B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AR (1) AR199891A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU448963B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE793451A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR7204760D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA958734A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES410445A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2170603A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1413838A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT973001B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7217735A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO137419C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE394636B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3934935A (en) * 1974-08-26 1976-01-27 Bechtel International Corporation Hydraulic mining of oil bearing formation
US4915452A (en) * 1989-04-17 1990-04-10 Dibble Merton F Hydraulic borehole mining system and method
US20220023691A1 (en) * 2018-11-26 2022-01-27 Minimax Viking Research & Development Gmbh Fire suppression system and method for a helicopter landing pad
US20240076760A1 (en) * 2022-09-07 2024-03-07 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method of recycling a component with rare earth element recovery

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6250497U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1986-08-21 1987-03-28

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1234561A (fr) * 1959-09-03 1960-10-18 Dispositif de propulsion notamment pour bateau et bateau équipé de ce dispositif
US3149784A (en) * 1962-06-15 1964-09-22 Donald G Griswold Long-range rotary water sprinkler
US3567126A (en) * 1969-02-18 1971-03-02 Telsco Ind Rotary sprinkler having impulse-type turbine
US3583638A (en) * 1969-02-20 1971-06-08 Ashley F Ward Irrigation sprinkler
US3589683A (en) * 1969-08-28 1971-06-29 Peter G Robin Vessel and closure for hydraulic agitation of dentures and the like
US3655132A (en) * 1969-12-17 1972-04-11 Leisure Group Inc Rotary sprinkler

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1234561A (fr) * 1959-09-03 1960-10-18 Dispositif de propulsion notamment pour bateau et bateau équipé de ce dispositif
US3149784A (en) * 1962-06-15 1964-09-22 Donald G Griswold Long-range rotary water sprinkler
US3567126A (en) * 1969-02-18 1971-03-02 Telsco Ind Rotary sprinkler having impulse-type turbine
US3583638A (en) * 1969-02-20 1971-06-08 Ashley F Ward Irrigation sprinkler
US3589683A (en) * 1969-08-28 1971-06-29 Peter G Robin Vessel and closure for hydraulic agitation of dentures and the like
US3655132A (en) * 1969-12-17 1972-04-11 Leisure Group Inc Rotary sprinkler

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3934935A (en) * 1974-08-26 1976-01-27 Bechtel International Corporation Hydraulic mining of oil bearing formation
US4915452A (en) * 1989-04-17 1990-04-10 Dibble Merton F Hydraulic borehole mining system and method
US20220023691A1 (en) * 2018-11-26 2022-01-27 Minimax Viking Research & Development Gmbh Fire suppression system and method for a helicopter landing pad
US12042681B2 (en) * 2018-11-26 2024-07-23 Minimax Viking Research & Development Gmbh Fire suppression system and method for a helicopter landing pad
US20240076760A1 (en) * 2022-09-07 2024-03-07 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method of recycling a component with rare earth element recovery

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE394636B (sv) 1977-07-04
JPS5247166B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-11-30
JPS4877406A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-10-18
AU5040972A (en) 1974-05-30
AR199891A1 (es) 1974-10-08
NO137419C (no) 1978-03-01
DE2263513A1 (de) 1973-07-19
ES410445A1 (es) 1976-05-16
NO137419B (no) 1977-11-21
CA958734A (en) 1974-12-03
AU448963B2 (en) 1974-05-30
IT973001B (it) 1974-06-10
FR2170603A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-09-14
DE2263513B2 (de) 1976-12-30
NL7217735A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-07-03
GB1413838A (en) 1975-11-12
BE793451A (fr) 1973-04-16
BR7204760D0 (pt) 1973-06-26

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