Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
  • D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
  • D06L1/12—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using aqueous solvents
  • D06L1/14—De-sizing
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
  • D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
  • D06L1/02—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using organic solvents
  • D06L1/06—De-sizing
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
  • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
  • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
  • D06L4/13—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen using inorganic agents
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
  • D06L4/00—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs
  • D06L4/10—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen
  • D06L4/17—Bleaching fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods; Bleaching leather or furs using agents which develop oxygen in an inert solvent

Definitions

• Desizing consists of removing any sizing compound that may have been added during weaving. Scouring removes fats, oils or waxes that may be on the fabrics and which interfere with uniform dyeing and bleaching. After desizing and scouring the fabric is bleached to whiten the fabric and make it more receptive to finishing chemicals. Various tests are performed on the fabric to determine the effectiveness of the desizing, scouring and bleaching operations and the receptiveness of the treated fabric to post-bleaching processes. The properties of the fabric normally tested are the reflectance (whiteness), average drop absorbency, the drop absorbency range, percent water extractables, percent enzyme extractables and percent fats, oils and waxes.
• Fabrics having acceptable values for the above properties have been obtained by separate desizing, scouring and bleaching treatments. For example, fabrics are desized with enzymes, hot caustic, alkaline peroxygens or bromine. Following this desizing step the fabric is scoured with an alkali to remove the fats, oils and waxes as well as other impurities that the desizing process fails to remove. Good drop absorbency properties are usually obtained by this scouring process. Subsequently, the fabric is bleached to obtain high whiteness (reflectivity) employing bleaching chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide.
• bleaching chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide.
• a significant disadvantage of the Gallagher process is 3,740,188 Patented June 19, 1973 ice that a commercially acceptable product can only be consistently obtained at cold bleaching temperatures, that is from about 50 to 120 R, which temperatures require substantial bleaching times of from 6 to 24 hours.
• a combination desizing, scouring and bleaching process which is capable of continuous production of consistently high quality bleached textiles that are very suitable for post-bleaching finishing treatments such as dyeing, stain repelling and permanent press treatment.
• This process comprises dampening the fibers with an aqueous alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution containing a dipersulfate, a petroleum distillate fraction solvent, a stabilizer and a surfactant and heating the dampened fibers to a processing temperature of 180 F. to 275 F., and preferably about 212 F., for between 1.0 and minutes whereby a high quality desized, scoured and bleached fiber is obtained.
• This invention provides a combination desizing, scouring and bleaching process for textiles comprising dampening the textile fibers with a bleach containing as essential ingredients an aqueous alkaline hydrogen peroxide, a dipersulfate, a petroleum distillate fraction solvent, a stabilizer and a surfactant and heating the dampened fibers to a processing temperature of about 180 F. to 275 F. for between 1.0 and 90 minutes.
• Both synthetic and cotton fibers and combinations thereof can be desized, scoured and bleached by the process of this invention.
• the processing temperature preferably is about 212 F., and normally is obtained by contacting the dampened fabric with steam at ambient pressure. However, temperatures somewhat lower than 212 F, e.g. about 180 F., can be employed although the processing time increases as the temperature decreases below 212 F. Temperatures above 212 F. can be obtained by performing the process in a pressure type bleaching vessel in which temperatures as high as about 275 F. can be obtained. At these elevated temperatures above 212 F. processing time is decreased and good results obtained in as little as one minute.
• the process is performed by dampening the textile fibers with the bleach solution so that the dampened fibers contain about 50 to 150 parts by weight of bleach solution for each parts by weight of fiber.
• the dampening of the fibers is carried out by conventional means, for example, they can be immersed in the bleaching bath, removed from the bath and squeezed to remove excess bleach. Other suitable means will be apparent to one skilled in fiber-treating.
• the bleaching solution is an aqueous solution containing as essential ingredients:
• a wetting agent or surface active agent such as Triton X-100 or other nonionic or anionic wetting agents such as an alkyl aryl sodium sulfonate or an alkyl aryl polyether alcohol.
• the preferred amount of the petroleum distillate fraction solvent is between 0.8% to 1.0% because greater amounts do not produce sufiicient improvement in relation to their added cost and increased disposal problem.
• the preferred characteristics of the petroleum distillate fraction solvent are, Aniline Point between 100 F. and 150 F., Kairi-Butanol Value between 32 and 47, a Solubility Parameter between 7.5 and 8.1, Flash Point, TCC between 100 F. and 145 F., Initial Boiling Point greater than 300 F. and Final Boiling Point less than 410 F.
• a typical composition of such a solvent is (vol. percent) Aromatics between 10% and 33%, Olefins less than 1%, Naphthenes between 26% and 43%, Paraflins between 32% and 60% and a Bromine Number between 0.08 and 0.28.
• Additives for adjusting or buifering the pH of this solution are not required as long as the essential ingredients are contained within their desired concentrations.
• Non-cotton content was determined using AATCC tentative test method 97-1960 with the results obtained as percent enzyme extractables, percent water extractables and percent fats, oils and waxes.
• Absorbency was determined using AATCC test method 79-1968.
• the greige textile fabric treated was a 100% cotton broadcloth, 2.6 yards per pound and 66 x 66 threads per inch. Before treatment the fabric contained 6.2% water extractables, 5.2% enzyme extractables and 0.82% fats, oils and waxes. All percentages herein are weight percentages unless otherwise stated and percentages of hydrogen peroxide stated herein are Weight percentages of 50% hydrogen peroxide solution.
• EXAMPLE A (COMPARATIVE) A cotton broadcloth sample was dampened to 100% saturation with an aqueous solution containing 3% hydrogen peroxide (50% solution), 2% sodium silicate (42 B.), 0.8% sodium hydroxide, 0.25% petroleum distillate fraction solvent and 0.1% nonionic wetting agent. The dampened fabric was heated to 212 F. with steam for 90 minutes and then washed. The fabric was then analyzed and had the properties reported in Table I, column A.
• Example A The procedure of Example A was repeated with comparative bleaching solutions B and C having the composition reported in Table I and with bleaching solutions I and 11 having composition within the scope of this invention as reported in Table I.
• the efiects of each bleach solution upon the fabrics are reported in Table I.
• a comparison of the results reported in Table I substantiates the consistently high quality results obtained with the process of this invention.
• the best mode contemplated for practicing this invention is by employing the solution composition, process time and temperature used in Example II.
• the solution composition can vary from the amounts used in Example II, that is, the preferred composition ranges are:
• a stabilizing amount of silicate usually about 2% sodium silicate
• a combination desizing, scouring and bleaching process for greige textile fibers comprising dampening the fibers with from 50 to parts by weight of a solution, based on 100 parts by weight of fibers, consisting essentially of water, between 0.5% and 5.0% hydrogen peroxide, between 0.1% and 2.0% of an alkali, between 0.1% and 1.5% of a water-soluble dipersulfate of an alkali metal or ammonium, at least about 0.1% of a paraflinic-naphthenic nonolefinic petroleum distillate fraction solvent, a stabilizing amount of a water-soluble silicate and at least about 0.005% of a nonionic or anionic wetting agent, heating the dampened fibers to a processing temperature of about F. to 275 F. for between 1.0 and 90.0 minutes, and then washing the fibers.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=22611356

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (5)

• 1971
  • 1971-08-02 US US00168402A patent/US3740188A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1972
  • 1972-08-01 JP JP7653272A patent/JPS5625552B1/ja active Pending

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