US3735606A - Method and apparatus for the production of textile fabrics and the fabric produced thereby - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for the production of textile fabrics and the fabric produced thereby Download PDF

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Publication number
US3735606A
US3735606A US00111270A US3735606DA US3735606A US 3735606 A US3735606 A US 3735606A US 00111270 A US00111270 A US 00111270A US 3735606D A US3735606D A US 3735606DA US 3735606 A US3735606 A US 3735606A
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United States
Prior art keywords
yarns
sheet
yarn
shed
needles
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00111270A
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English (en)
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D Pollard
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Singer Co
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Singer Co
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B39/00—Knitting processes, apparatus or machines not otherwise provided for
    • D04B39/06—Knitting processes, apparatus or machines not otherwise provided for adapted for combined knitting and weaving
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/02—Cross-sectional features
    • D10B2403/024—Fabric incorporating additional compounds
    • D10B2403/0241—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing mechanical properties
    • D10B2403/02411—Fabric incorporating additional compounds enhancing mechanical properties with a single array of unbent yarn, e.g. unidirectional reinforcement fabrics

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A textile fabric is produced by employing both weav' ing and knitting techniques simultaneously.
  • the weftwise extending yarns of the fabric are formed by knitting together, within a shed, adjacent loop forming yarns present in such shed and extending in the direction of the warp yarns by needles which are caused cyclically to move into and out of the shed through the sheet of warp yarns, the loop forming yarns being shifted laterally relative to the needles for engagement with respective such needles and the needles being co-operable with different loop forming yarns on successive insertions through the sheet of warp yarns for stitch formation.
  • the co-operation of the needles with different loop forming yarns on successive insertions is achieved by a relative transverse movement of such yarns and the needles.
  • PATENTEB MAY 2 9 I975 SHEET 3 OF 8 PAI-ENIE m2 9191s 3; 7 5 5 05 SHEET 6 UF 8 FIE.
  • This invention relates to a method of and a means for producing textile fabrics, and has more particular reference to the production of a textile fabric by a combined weaving/knitting process.
  • Difiiculty is often experienced in connection with knitted fabrics on account of the lack of dimensional stability of such fabrics in both the longitudinal and the lateral directions thereof.
  • Woven fabrics do, however, present a more satisfac tory level of dimensional stability, at least in the warp and weft directions thereof, than do knitted fabrics, although the rate of production of a woven fabric is generally slower than that of a comparable knitted fabric.
  • the primary object of the present invention is to provide a method of and a means for producing a textile fabric having a higher degree of dimensional stability than a comparable knitted fabric yet which can be produced at a higher rate than can a comparable woven fabric fabric.
  • a method of forming a textile fabric includes the steps of providing a multiplicity of warp yarns in the form of a sheet thereof, providing a second multiplicity of yarns which are also fed in a warp-wise direction and may be termed knitting or loop forming yarns and which are spaced at intervals widthwise of the first mentioned sheet of warp yarns, separating selected ones of the warp yarns from the sheet thereof to form a shed to receive a loop forming, entering a loop forming yarn or yarns into the said shed and thereafter changing the selection of yarns separated from the sheet so as to form a different shed, each course being formed in the shed by knitting together selected ones of the loop forming yarns.
  • each course is formed by drawing a loop of a first loop forming yarn through a loop of an adjacent second loop forrning yarn and subsequently drawing a second loop of the first loop forming yarn through a loop of a third loop forming yarn adjacent the first loop forming yarn.
  • the invention also includes apparatus for use in practisin g the method aforesaid which comprises a first yarn feed means arranged to support a multiplicity of yarns as a sheet thereof, a second yarn feed means arranged to support a second multiplicity of yarns at spaced intervals widthwise of the first mentioned sheet, a shedding means arranged to move selected ones of the first mentioned multiplicity of yarns from the sheet thereof to form a shed and to return such selected ones to the said sheet for a subsequent and different selection and shedding, and a loop insertion means engageable with the shed and adapted for co-operation with selected ones of the second multiplicity of yarns through the sheet of the first mentioned multiplicity of yarns to carry out a knitting operation on the said selected ones of the second multiplicity of yarns, the said loop insertion means including a yarn guide means and a multiplicity of adjacent reciprocable needles and being adapted for lateral transverse movement between the needles-and guide means.
  • the guide means of the loop insertion means comprises a reed having adjacent reed spaces separated by wires and arranged to receive yarns from the first and or second yarn feed means.
  • the invention includes a fabric produced in accordance with the method or on the apparatus as aforesaid.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic perspective view of a machine for use in practising the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic side elevation showing the relative dispositions of the healds, the reed and the me dle bed at the notional'comr'nencement of a stitch making cycle;
  • FIG. 2A is a plan view, partly broken away, corresponding to FIG. 2;
  • FIGS. 3, 3A to FIGS. 7, 7A are views similar to FIGS. 2-2A showing successive stages in the formation of a stitch.
  • FIG. 8 is a view of a fabric produced in accordance with the invention, the drawing showing the opposite face of the fabric to that shown in FIGS. 2A to 7A.
  • apparatus for use in producing the composite woven/knitted fabric of the present invention comprises a loom sley 11 mounted for pivotal movement in conventional manner about an axis extending transversely of and spaced from a sheet 12 of yarns, a reed 13 supported on the sley and cyclically movable with such sley, two heddle frames 14 each carrying a multiplicity of heddle wires 14a for co-operation with the individual warp yarns 12a of the sheet thereof for shedding purposes, a yarn supply means 15 and a fabric take-up means 16.
  • the apparatus will include a suitable drive means (not shown) for the oscillation of the sley 11 and for the fabric take-up means, whilst a dobby (not shown) will be provided for controlling the lifting and lowering of the heddle frame 14.
  • the apparatus corresponds to a conventional weaving loom, both as regards construction and operation.
  • the reed is movably mounted on the sley for controlled adjustment in the longitudinal direction thereof in a manner and for a purpose hereafter to be made apparent.
  • a fixed needle plate 18 extends widthwise of the apparatus forwardly of the reed 13, the needle plate being supported on the framework 19 of the apparatus, a multiplicity of adjacent parallel grooves 18a is provided in the underside of the needle plate each slidably to receive a needle 21 into engagement therewith, the said grooves extending in a direction parallel to the individual yarns 12a and in number being two less than the number of wires 13a in the reed.
  • a needle bar 22 is mounted on the sley 11 in spaced parallel disposition relative thereto, the needle bar being arranged at the fabric take-up side of the sley and being co-operable with the needles 21 in the grooves 18a in the needle plate 18 to effect the sliding movement of the needles upon relative motion between the needle bar 22 and needle plate 18 consequent upon pivotal movement of the sley 11, the hook ends of the needles, once set according to the required stitch length, remaining at a constant distance from the reed at all times.
  • the needles 21 are conveniently of the compound type and have a tongue 212zslidable therein and movable to and from a position wherein the hook 21b at the remote end of the needle is closed.
  • the tongue In order to facilitate the longitudinal movement of the tongue the latter embodies a lateral butt 21c which extends through a slot in the body 21d of the needle and is co-operable .with a suitable actuator (not shown) for control purposes.
  • the needles and their operation are conventional and, if preferred, other known forms of hook-ended needles, for example latch-needles or bearded-needles" could be used.
  • a heddle frame 23 is provided rearwardly of the warp heddle frames 14, loop forming yarns 24a being provided in the form of a sheet 24 thereof and such yarns passing through the wires of the respective heddle frame 23 and the reed 13 in a like manner to the warp yarns 12a.
  • the loop forming yarn supply comprises a separate beam 25, having regard to the difierence in rate of yarn utilisation of the warp and loop forming yarns. It will no doubt be found preferable to provide a separate beam or yarn package for the selvedge loop forming yarns.
  • the sley 11 and the warp heddle frames 14 undergo the usual motions of a weaving loom in that the latter move up and down to form a shed to receive a filling yarn whilst the former moves back and forth to provide access to the shed for the introduction of the loop forming yarn 24a and to beat-up the loops after the insertion thereof.
  • a warp let-off mechanism not shown, will be provided to control the rate of release of warp yarns, the latter being provided in the form of a beam, whilst a further let-off mechanism, not shown, will control the feed of loop forming yarns.
  • two warp yarns 12a 12a, l2'a, l2'a' 12"a, 12"a', andasingle loop forming yarn 24a 24'a 24"a are passed through each reed space, except at the selvedge regions, the loop forming yarn 24a lying between those warp yarns 12a 12a which engage the same reed space.
  • the loop forming yarns lying at the outer edges of sheet of yarns passing through the reed.
  • FIGS. 2-2A to 7-7A of the drawings assuming the cycle of stitch formation to commence with the relative disposition of parts shown in FIGS. 2-2A, at such commencement the sley will be at the beat-up position, the reed 13 will be centrally placed relative to the sley, the needles 21 will be fully retracted into the needle plate, and each will be aligned with its respective reed wire 13a, the needle tongues 21a will be in the closed position to hold a respective loop in position on the hook, the heddle frame 23 will be fully down, and the warp heddle frames 14, will be moving to form a new shed.
  • the stitch-forming cycle proceeds by the rearwards movement of the sley 11 and thus a corresponding movement of the needles 21, the continued opening of the shed and the progressive shift of the loop 1 .1" onto the shank of the needle by which it was formed, the tongue of such needle having been retracted to release the loop for movement up the shank.
  • the reed remains in its central position and thus, as the hook moves to enter the shed, it enters such shed between adjacent warp yarns of two succeeding reed spaces.
  • FIGS. 3-3A relative disposition of parts consistent with this stage of the stitch forming cycle is shown in FIGS. 3-3A.
  • the reed is displaced, say to the left, by an amount slightly in excess of one reed space, and the adjacent warp yarn and next adjacent loop forming yarn from the right are passed under the open hook of the needle.
  • the loop forming yarns 24a, 24'a 24"a lie at a slightly higher level than the lower warp yarns 12a 12a, 12a, l2a 12"a 12"a in the region of the end of the needle and that the loop already lying on the shank of a given needle is formed from a different loop forming yarn from that which now underlies the needle.
  • the longitudinal shift of the reed and the continuing rearward movement of the sley is shown in FIGS. 4-4A and FIGS. 5-5A.
  • the heddle frame 23 is raised to bring the respective loop forming yarns into a position for engagement with the hooks which they underlie and continued forward movement of the sley, and thus of the needles, completes this engagement, as is shown in FIGS. 6-6A.
  • the tongue will also move to its closed position to retain the loop on the needle and to permit of the drawing of a new loop through the loop existing on the needle shank, the latter loop being slipped from the needle at this stage.
  • the warp heddle frames move to a central position to assist beat-up and the reed resumes its central position relative to the sley, an intermediate stage in this procedure being shown in FIGS. 7-7A and the final stage being illustrated by a view similar to FIG. 2 but with the warp heddle frames changed over.
  • FIG. 8 A fabric constructed in accordance with the invention is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 8, the weft being shown in readily recognisable loop form whereas, due to the beat-up, such loops will be compacted to lie more transversely of the fabric.
  • the lateral shift of the reed is not limited to a single reed space or thereabouts, nor is the shedding of the warp yarns limited to the use of two heddle frames, since a greater lateral displacement of the loop forming yarns and a more sophisticated weave structure for the warp yarns can be introduced if desired.
  • a plurality of courses may be inserted in a given shed before the changeover thereof, if desired.
  • the loop forming yarns can be controlled by a plurality of heddle, or individually, if desired in order that selected loop forming yarns can be incorporated in the fabric as part of the structure thereof to the exclusion of others as required.
  • certain of the warp yarns can be utilised for the formation of loops and the loop forming yarns fulfil the function of warp yarns by adjusting the shedding to lift the requisite yarns into the path of the hooks at an appropriate stage in the stitch forming cycle.
  • the heddle frame 23 or frames will be positioned rearwardly of the warp frames, in no sense is the invention restricted to such a relative disposition since such heddle frame or frames 23 can be located forwardly of or indeed between the warp heddle frames.
  • such relative movement may be effected in other ways, such as, for example, by moving the needle plate.
  • a method of forming a textile fabric by using a plurality of spaced heddles, a laterally moveable reed member supported on a sley and a plurality of loop forming needles comprising, providing a first sheet of individual yarns, providing a second sheet of individual yarns, feeding said second sheet of yarns such that they are spaced at intervals relative to the yarns of said first sheet, separating selected yarns of said first sheet by moving said heddles in a direction substantially perpendicular to said second sheet to form a shed, inserting at least one yarn by said loop forming needles from said second sheet into said shed, forming a loop on said needles from said yarn from said second sheet, initiating relative lateral shifting movement between the yarns of said first and second sheets, again separating selected yarns from said first sheet by moving said heddles to form a shed different from said first shed, and inserting at least one other yarn by said loop forming needles from said second sheet into said shed and knitting together said yarns from said second sheet by
  • said knitting step comprises drawing a loop of one of said yarns from said second sheet through a loop of another yarn of said second sheet.
  • said knitting step further comprises knitting together yarns from said first and second sheets.
  • said second separating step comprises separating selected yarns of said first sheet in a direction substantially perpendicular to said second sheet to form a shed with said selected yarns being separated in opposite directions from said first-mentioned separation, and repeating the steps of inserting, forming and knitting.
  • Apparatus for forming a textile fabric comprising a first yarn feed means for feeding a first sheet of yarns, a second yarn feed means for feeding a second sheet of yarns, yarn guide means for guiding the yarns of said first and second sheets such that the yarns of said second sheet are disposed between yarns of said first sheet, yarn separating means for separating selected yarns of one of said sheets in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of yarn feed to form a shed, reciprocable needle means for inserting selected yarns of the other of said sheets into said shed and for knitting the yarns inserted into said shed, and said yarn guide means and said reciprocable needle means being laterally displaceable relative to one another for knitting selected yarns of the other of said sheets in different laterally disposed sheds formed by said yarn separating means.
  • said yarn guide means comprises a reed including a support means supporting a plurality of laterally spaced wires for guiding the yarns of said first and second sheets.
  • said reciprocable needle means includes a plurality of needles slidably supported in a fixed needle plate.
  • said yarn separating means comprises a plurality of longitudinally spaced heddles, said heddles being operative for displacing selected yarns in directions above and below the plane including their respective sheet of yarns.
  • Apparatus as claimed in claim 10 further comprising means for lifting the yarns of the other of said sheets for cooperation with said reciprocable needles.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Looms (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
US00111270A 1970-02-03 1971-02-01 Method and apparatus for the production of textile fabrics and the fabric produced thereby Expired - Lifetime US3735606A (en)

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GB515470 1970-02-03

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US3735606A true US3735606A (en) 1973-05-29

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US00111270A Expired - Lifetime US3735606A (en) 1970-02-03 1971-02-01 Method and apparatus for the production of textile fabrics and the fabric produced thereby

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US (1) US3735606A (fr)
AU (1) AU2498571A (fr)
BE (1) BE762485A (fr)
CA (1) CA933843A (fr)
CH (1) CH541648A (fr)
DE (1) DE2104443A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES387880A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2079217B1 (fr)
NL (1) NL7101428A (fr)
SU (1) SU427519A3 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA71549B (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4579151A (en) * 1984-07-24 1986-04-01 Stani Vyzkumny Ustav Textilni Machine for making a partly woven partly knitted fabric

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CS190005B1 (en) * 1976-09-07 1979-05-31 Jindrich Horacek Selvage weave of the woven and knitted textiles,method of making the said selvage weave and method for performing the same
CS243555B1 (en) * 1983-07-15 1986-06-12 Josef Mohelnicky Knitted fabric production machine
DE8912060U1 (de) * 1989-10-10 1991-02-07 Norddeutsche Schleifmittel-Industrie Christiansen & Co (GmbH & Co), 2000 Hamburg Unterlage für Schleifmittel
ATE145678T1 (de) * 1992-07-08 1996-12-15 Tecnit Gmbh Textilmaterial aus webmaschenware

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1692567A (en) * 1928-11-20 Producing a fabric by combined knitting and weaving
US1799563A (en) * 1931-04-07 Assionok
US1980666A (en) * 1933-01-30 1934-11-13 Jr George Crompton Loom and fabric

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1692567A (en) * 1928-11-20 Producing a fabric by combined knitting and weaving
US1799563A (en) * 1931-04-07 Assionok
US1980666A (en) * 1933-01-30 1934-11-13 Jr George Crompton Loom and fabric

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Shinn, Co WE Knit , The Knitter , Aug. 1968 pages 42 47. *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4579151A (en) * 1984-07-24 1986-04-01 Stani Vyzkumny Ustav Textilni Machine for making a partly woven partly knitted fabric

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Publication number Publication date
FR2079217A1 (fr) 1971-11-12
ZA71549B (en) 1971-10-27
CH541648A (fr) 1973-09-15
FR2079217B1 (fr) 1973-01-12
CA933843A (en) 1973-09-18
DE2104443A1 (de) 1971-08-26
BE762485A (fr) 1971-07-16
SU427519A3 (ru) 1974-05-05
ES387880A1 (es) 1974-01-01
AU2498571A (en) 1972-08-10
NL7101428A (fr) 1971-08-05

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