US3732385A - Gas-blast switch - Google Patents

Gas-blast switch Download PDF

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Publication number
US3732385A
US3732385A US00232125A US3732385DA US3732385A US 3732385 A US3732385 A US 3732385A US 00232125 A US00232125 A US 00232125A US 3732385D A US3732385D A US 3732385DA US 3732385 A US3732385 A US 3732385A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
gas
electrode
switch
switching pin
switching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00232125A
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English (en)
Inventor
V Stephanides
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rockwell Automation Switzerland GmbH
Original Assignee
Sprecher und Schuh AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sprecher und Schuh AG filed Critical Sprecher und Schuh AG
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Publication of US3732385A publication Critical patent/US3732385A/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts

Definitions

  • the 1 burning-off surface of the electrode is arranged in a widened discharge channel of a Laval nozzle directly
  • UNITED STATES PATENTS the switching pin during the switching-out operation being retracted in the flow direction of the extinguish- Trencham et al R gas into the discharge channel of the Laval nozzle 2,290,004 7/1942 T Subscriben ..200/l48 R FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 1,202,869 10/1965 Germany ..200/l48R 5 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures PATENTEDNAY 3.732.385
  • the present invention relates to a new and improved gas-blast switch of the type embodying a switching pin and an electrode having a burning-off surface, wherein, when the switch is closed the switching pin and the electrode are electrically conductively connected with one another, whereas during the switching-off or disconnection operation the switching pin and electrode are spaced from one another owing to a relative movement carried out, through the action of a drive, between such switching pin and electrode in order to draw or extend the are along its length and which are is present during the separation or spacing of such components, the are being flushed by a flowing stream of extinguishing or quenching gas.
  • Gas-blast switch constructions are known to the art wherein the arc to be extinguished is drawn into a blast or discharge nozzle.
  • This blast nozzle is arranged between the electrodes taking-up the base points of the arc throughout the arc extinguishing or quenching path.
  • the extinguishing gas is compressed at one side of the blast nozzle and upon freeing the nozzle opening it flows to the other side of such blast nozzle at which prevails a lower pressure.
  • the are conducted through the blast nozzle is flushed or blown with the extinguishing or quenching gas.
  • the thermal energy is radiated to the regions surrounding the are, so that at the narrowest cross-section or throat of the blast nozzle or the axial discharge channels the extinguishing gas and the walls are markedly heated-up. Owing to thermal expansion of the extinguishing gas a pressure increase occurs in front of the blast nozzle and in front of the axial discharge channels.
  • the expansion of the plasma is also quite intensive for certain extinguishing gases because, apart from the thermal expansion of .thc extinguishing gas at the plasma region there also occurs disassociation, again bringing about a volume increase.
  • disassociation again bringing about a volume increase.
  • sulphur hexafluoride which consists of 7 atoms per molecule
  • Another and more specific object of the present in vention relates to an alternating current-gas-blast switch having a novel construction of arc extinguishing system wherein during the interruption of current flow there is not present any pressure build-up at the flow path of the extinguishing gas, there is possible rapid removal of the ionized gas out of the extinguishing path, a pronounced cooling of the region about the base of the arc, slight thermal radiation to the walls neighboring the extinguishing zone, and removal of practically the entire energy of the arc by the flowing extinguishing gas.
  • the gas-blast switch of the present invention contemplates that the burning-off surface of the electrode is arranged following the widening discharge channel of a Laval nozzle directly after the narrowest location of such nozzle, whereby the switching pin during the switching-out operation is retracted in the flow direction of the extinguishing gas in the discharge channel of the Laval nozzle.
  • the wall of the discharge channel of the Laval nozzle is advantageously formed of an insulating material.
  • Laval nozzle allows the extinguishing gas to flow at supersonic velocities at a portion of the discharge channel of the nozzle.
  • the extinguishing gas attains the velocity of sound at the constricted or throat portion disposed between the inflow channel and the discharge channel, from which location it then can flow further at supersonic velocity with sufficiently small counter-pressure at the discharge channel.
  • Extinguishing or quenching of the are partially occurs at the extinguishing gas flowing at supersonic velocity.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a gas-blast switch constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention in closed condition;
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view illustrating details of the drive component
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the gas-blast switch of this development in an open condition.
  • FIG. 1 of the drawings illustrates the gas-blast switch of this invention in its closed condition
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the drive of the switch depicted in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the gas blast switch of FIG. 1 in its open condition.
  • Current is supplied by means of the terminals 1 and 2 to the switch construction.
  • the operating current flows through the agency of the flexed or bent ring-shaped pipe 3, the pipe or conduit 4, the contacts 5 and 6, the contact support 7, the pre-compression cylinder 8, the rods 9 and the roller contacts 10.
  • the switchout or disconnection spring 11 is loaded or stressed and fixedly retained by the locking pawl 12 or equivalent structure as same has been depicted in FIG. 2. Release of the switch construction takes place by opening the pawl 12, either manually or by means of an electromagnet for instance.
  • the switch-out or disconnection spring 11 now moves the insulating rod 13, the rods 9 leading out of the switch casing or tank 14 through the agency of the packing sleeves 15, the precompression cylinder 8 together with the electrode 16 forming the narrowed or constricted portion ofthe Laval nozzle, generally indicated at reference character 100, the contact support 7, the contacts 5, as well as the wall 17 formed of insulating material and which forms the discharge or outflow channel 18 of the Laval nozzle.
  • the extinguishing or quenching gas present in the compartments or spaces 19 and 20 is thus compressed, but can hardly discharge or escape in that the constricted portion of the Laval nozzle 100 at the electrode 16 is still closed for the most part by the switching or tripping pin 21.
  • the contacts 5 and 6 are separated. The current then initially flows between the contact spring or blade 22 and the switching pin 21, later between the switching pin 21 and the electrode 16.
  • Compression is completed when the space 19 has been compressed down to practically null volume.
  • the compressed insulating gas is located within the smaller cylinder 23 at the space or compartment 20 where the pressure is now two-fold to 12-fold that of the starting of the switching pin 21 departs from the narrowest location or throat of the Laval nozzle at the electrode 16 and thus frees the gas current.
  • the accelerated gas jet arrives at the pipe or tube 4, then flows along the conducting surfaces 29 through the inflow orifice or slot 30 into the flexed ring-shaped or annular pipe 3. At this location it is circularly deflected, thus'forms a turbulent or vortex ring at which the kinetic energy of the gas stream is stored until dampened by frictional forces.
  • the pressure waves propagated back to the nozzle and the electrode 16 remain weak, as they are only caused by the partial reflections at the conducting surfaces 29 and due to frictional forces.
  • a gas insulation path 31 is established between the pipe or tube 4 and the wall 17 of the discharge channel 18.
  • thereturn flowing gas out of the flexed ring-shaped pipe or tube 3 after dampening the turbulent or vortex flow, can admix with the outer gas volume at location 32. In this way there is countered the possibility of a brief reduction in the electrical strength of the gas in the open separation path during return flow of the heated gas out of the pipe 4 and out of the flexed ring-shaped pipe 3 to the discharge or outflow channel 18.
  • the gas-blast switch can be again connected or switched-in and the switching-out or. disconnection spring 11 can be loaded.
  • the locking mechanism 35 is released, where-upon the switching-in spring 33 drops and the locking mechanism 34 snaps-in. It is now possible to again disconnect the switch.
  • the switch-in spring 33 is stressed by a non-illustrated motor drive with the aid of the lever 36 whereupon the locking mechanism 35 is again engaged.
  • the switch is sealed by the insulators 37, the tubularshaped flexed tube or pipe 3 with the connection flanges 38, the switch casing or tank 14 and the grounded housing 39.
  • a gas-blast switch comprising a switching pin and an electrode having a burning-off surface, the switching pin and electrode being electrically conductively connected with one another when the switch is in a closed condition, drive means for carrying out a relative separation movement of the switching pin and elec trode away from one another during the switching-out operation of the gas-blast switch in order to draw the arc prevailing between the switching pin and the electrode in the lengthwise direction during such relative separation movement, the are being flushed by a flowing extinguishing gas stream, Laval nozzle means having a widened discharge channel following the narrowest location of said nozzle means, said burning-off surface of said electrode being arranged in the widened discharge channel of the Laval nozzle means directly after said narrowest location of said nozzle means, the switching pin during the switching-out operation being retracted in the flow direction of the extinguishing gas into the discharge channel of said Laval nozzle means.
  • the gas-blast switch as defined in claim 4 further including contacts arranged substantially parallel to the electrode and the switching pin, said contacts conducting the operating current when the switch is closed and upon opening the switch are opened prior to interrupting the electrical contact between the electrode and the switching pin.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
US00232125A 1971-05-05 1972-03-06 Gas-blast switch Expired - Lifetime US3732385A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH665071A CH518617A (de) 1971-05-05 1971-05-05 Druckgasschalter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3732385A true US3732385A (en) 1973-05-08

Family

ID=4312887

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00232125A Expired - Lifetime US3732385A (en) 1971-05-05 1972-03-06 Gas-blast switch

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US3732385A (enExample)
CH (1) CH518617A (enExample)
DE (1) DE2203605A1 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2135286B1 (enExample)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111785550A (zh) * 2020-06-11 2020-10-16 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 一种隔离开关间隙装置及隔离开关

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2275872A (en) * 1939-06-27 1942-03-10 Gen Electric Gas blast electric circuit breaker
US2290004A (en) * 1936-07-30 1942-07-14 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Electric circuit breaker
DE1202869B (de) * 1964-01-24 1965-10-14 Continental Elektro Ind Ag Druckgasschalter mit mindestens zwei Leistungsschaltstellen pro Pol
GB1154874A (en) * 1965-09-10 1969-06-11 Siemens Ag Electrical Switches of the Gas-Blast Type

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2290004A (en) * 1936-07-30 1942-07-14 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Electric circuit breaker
US2275872A (en) * 1939-06-27 1942-03-10 Gen Electric Gas blast electric circuit breaker
DE1202869B (de) * 1964-01-24 1965-10-14 Continental Elektro Ind Ag Druckgasschalter mit mindestens zwei Leistungsschaltstellen pro Pol
GB1154874A (en) * 1965-09-10 1969-06-11 Siemens Ag Electrical Switches of the Gas-Blast Type

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111785550A (zh) * 2020-06-11 2020-10-16 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 一种隔离开关间隙装置及隔离开关

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2135286A1 (enExample) 1972-12-15
DE2203605A1 (de) 1972-11-16
CH518617A (de) 1972-01-31
FR2135286B1 (enExample) 1975-07-18

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