US3732098A - Red light development of free radical system within 50 nanometers - Google Patents
Red light development of free radical system within 50 nanometers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3732098A US3732098A US00182703A US3732098DA US3732098A US 3732098 A US3732098 A US 3732098A US 00182703 A US00182703 A US 00182703A US 3732098D A US3732098D A US 3732098DA US 3732098 A US3732098 A US 3732098A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- radiation
- free radical
- nanometers
- development
- red light
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 title description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- -1 silver free radical Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002896 organic halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001429 visible spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
- G03C5/56—Processes using photosensitive compositions covered by the groups G03C1/64 - G03C1/72 or agents therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03D—APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING EXPOSED PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03D17/00—Dark-room arrangements not provided for in the preceding groups; Portable dark-rooms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03D—APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING EXPOSED PHOTOGRAPHIC MATERIALS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03D9/00—Diffusion development apparatus
- G03D9/006—Diffusion development apparatus using heat
Definitions
- This invention relates to the development of visible images in non-silver free radical photosensitive films containing an organic halogen compound in which at least three halogen atoms are attached to a single carbon atom and containing a dye salt progenitor compound as described, for example, in United States Pat. 3,510,300 and in other recently issued patents and publications.
- it relates to the development of visible images by the use of radiation in a very narrow band of wavelengths preferably not broader than 50 nanometers, the wavelengths of such radiation being dependent upon the specific composition of the photosensitive material being processed.
- a principal object of the invention is to increase the etficiency of the dry-working process described in the above noted patent.
- a further object is to diminish the dose of radiation required to produce useful images in the process of said patent.
- Still a further object of the invention is to diminish the occurrence of fog or other detrimental background in the finished film.
- the radiation passed by a prior art filter such as a Wratten 89B filter includes a large amount of energy at wavelengths of more than 750 nm.
- the radiation passed by a band filter used according to the present invention is in the band 730 nm. nm.
- the radiation to which the photosensitive material is exposed no longer contains large amounts of unwanted and ineffective radiation in the visible and in the infrared.
- the radiation outside the narrow band is unwanted because it does not make as great a differentiation between amplification of the latent image and fog.
- the shorter wavelengths during development cause fogging because the film has its basic sensitivity in that area.
- the films useful sensitivity might be limited to the blue and ultraviolet bands, it will have residual sensitivity of decreasing amounts into the green and red.
- Experiments with a series of narrow band interference filters can clearly identify the amount of differentiation between image and fog development relative to the visible and IR spectrum. As the wavelengths longer than the optimum are lengthened, the image to fog ratio gradually deteriorates. The image will not develop as well because the optimum has been passed. Fog development will reach a base amount and might actually increase due to thermal initiation.
- the means used to provide the radiation for development may be other suitable devices such as a light emitting diode or a laser, which emits radiation in a narrow band, instead of the narrow bandpass interference filter.
- a dry process for developing a visible image in a non-silver free radical photosensitive film containing an organic halogen compound in which at least three halogen atoms are attached to a single carbon atom and a dye salt progenitor compound wherein the image is developed by exposing the photosensitive film to a dose of red light radiation the improvement which comprises: developing said visible image by exposing said film to radiation which consists entirely of radiation in a narrow band not broader than 50 nanometers which effects development of the visible image, with greatest effectiveness, the wavelengths shorter than those in said band being visible radiation to which the film exhibited sensitivity before the exposure by which the latent image was formed and hence being radiation which would cause fogging and the wavelengths longer than those in said band being in the infrared and causing thermal fog in said film.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Non-Silver Salt Photosensitive Materials And Non-Silver Salt Photography (AREA)
- Exposure And Positioning Against Photoresist Photosensitive Materials (AREA)
Abstract
THE PROCESS DESCRIBED IN UNITED STATES PAT. 3,510,300 IS GREATLY OIMPROVED BY RESTRICTING THE RADIATION USED FOR DEVELOPING VISIBLE IMAGES IN NON-SILVER FREE RADICAL FILM TO A VERY NARROW BAND OF WAVELENGTHS NOT BROADER THAN 50 NONOMETERS.
D R A W I N G
D R A W I N G
Description
v 1973 F. w. SCHMIDT 3,732,098
RED LIGHT DEVELOPMENT OF FREE RADICAL SYSTEM WITHIN 50 NANOMETERS Filed Sept. 22 1971 730nm 1 lOnm zo'ro 25nm pk BAND WIDTH 1 l l l l 600 100 I150 800 900 I000 uoo 1200 I300 I400 I500 I600 120 WAVELENGTH (NANOMETERS) l l l O O O O O 8 K r N AJJSNBlNl NOIlVIOVB HAHN 3H INVENTOR FREDERICK W. SCHMIDT BY jaiw ATTORNEY United States Patent U.S. CI. 9648 R 3 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE The process described in United States Pat. 3,510,300 is greatly improved by restricting the radiation used for developing visible images in non-silver free radical film to a very narrow band of wavelengths not broader than 50 nanometers.
This invention relates to the development of visible images in non-silver free radical photosensitive films containing an organic halogen compound in which at least three halogen atoms are attached to a single carbon atom and containing a dye salt progenitor compound as described, for example, in United States Pat. 3,510,300 and in other recently issued patents and publications.
More particularly, it relates to the development of visible images by the use of radiation in a very narrow band of wavelengths preferably not broader than 50 nanometers, the wavelengths of such radiation being dependent upon the specific composition of the photosensitive material being processed.
A principal object of the invention is to increase the etficiency of the dry-working process described in the above noted patent.
A further object is to diminish the dose of radiation required to produce useful images in the process of said patent.
Still a further object of the invention is to diminish the occurrence of fog or other detrimental background in the finished film.
These and other objects of the invention will become more fully understood from the description which follows taken with the drawing which is a figure showing the relative spectral emission utilized in the present invention as compared with the relative spectral emission utilized in the prior art.
As shown in'the drawing, the radiation passed by a prior art filter such as a Wratten 89B filter includes a large amount of energy at wavelengths of more than 750 nm., whereas the radiation passed by a band filter used according to the present invention is in the band 730 nm. nm.
By the use of a narrow bandpass interference filter, the radiation to which the photosensitive material is exposed no longer contains large amounts of unwanted and ineffective radiation in the visible and in the infrared. The radiation outside the narrow band is unwanted because it does not make as great a differentiation between amplification of the latent image and fog. The shorter wavelengths during development cause fogging because the film has its basic sensitivity in that area. Although the films useful sensitivity might be limited to the blue and ultraviolet bands, it will have residual sensitivity of decreasing amounts into the green and red. Experiments with a series of narrow band interference filters can clearly identify the amount of differentiation between image and fog development relative to the visible and IR spectrum. As the wavelengths longer than the optimum are lengthened, the image to fog ratio gradually deteriorates. The image will not develop as well because the optimum has been passed. Fog development will reach a base amount and might actually increase due to thermal initiation.
Use of a narrow band of radiation for development yields higher film performance plus better energy efficiency. The latent image/ fog ratio is degraded least when a narrow band of light peaking at the appropriate wavelength is used. Higher film speeds and better gamma control result. With an interference filter, the light intensity at the film plane can be reduced more than 100 times compared to the best previous light sources and still get comparable development in the same time.
The following example compares the energy provided to develop unit density in a film formulated according to Example 4 of U.S. Pat. 3,510,300, using a Wratten It will be understod that for other formulations, other bands of radiation must be selected in order to achieve the desired results.
Further, the means used to provide the radiation for development may be other suitable devices such as a light emitting diode or a laser, which emits radiation in a narrow band, instead of the narrow bandpass interference filter.
One such means is described in a copending application filed concurrently herewith.
Having now described the invention in accordance with the patent statutes, it is not intended that it be limited except as may be required by the appended claims.
What is claimed is:
1. In a dry process for developing a visible image in a non-silver free radical photosensitive film containing an organic halogen compound in which at least three halogen atoms are attached to a single carbon atom and a dye salt progenitor compound wherein the image is developed by exposing the photosensitive film to a dose of red light radiation, the improvement which comprises: developing said visible image by exposing said film to radiation which consists entirely of radiation in a narrow band not broader than 50 nanometers which effects development of the visible image, with greatest effectiveness, the wavelengths shorter than those in said band being visible radiation to which the film exhibited sensitivity before the exposure by which the latent image was formed and hence being radiation which would cause fogging and the wavelengths longer than those in said band being in the infrared and causing thermal fog in said film.
2. The process of claim 1 in which the developing radiation is passed through a narrow bandpass interference filter.
3. The process of claim 1 in which the radiation applied to the film is obtained from a source consisting of at least one light emitting diode.
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,573,046 3/1971 Fotland et al. 9648 3,510,300 5/1970 Fotland et al. 96-27 NORMAN G. TORCHIN, Primary Examiner W. H. LOUIE, JR, Assistant Examiner U.S. Cl. X.R. 9627 R, R
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US18270371A | 1971-09-22 | 1971-09-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3732098A true US3732098A (en) | 1973-05-08 |
Family
ID=22669644
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00182703A Expired - Lifetime US3732098A (en) | 1971-09-22 | 1971-09-22 | Red light development of free radical system within 50 nanometers |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3732098A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3994728A (en) * | 1975-02-24 | 1976-11-30 | Horizons Incorporated, A Division Of Horizons Research Incorporated | Fog monitor |
-
1971
- 1971-09-22 US US00182703A patent/US3732098A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3994728A (en) * | 1975-02-24 | 1976-11-30 | Horizons Incorporated, A Division Of Horizons Research Incorporated | Fog monitor |
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