US3731731A - Temperature control means for blood and the like fluids - Google Patents

Temperature control means for blood and the like fluids Download PDF

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Publication number
US3731731A
US3731731A US00140118A US14011871A US3731731A US 3731731 A US3731731 A US 3731731A US 00140118 A US00140118 A US 00140118A US 14011871 A US14011871 A US 14011871A US 3731731 A US3731731 A US 3731731A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
control means
temperature control
tubular body
temperature
set forth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00140118A
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English (en)
Inventor
E Kyvsgaard
C Simonsgaard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
POLYSTAN VED F KYUSGAARD
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POLYSTAN VED F KYUSGAARD
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Publication of US3731731A publication Critical patent/US3731731A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00—Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/3623—Means for actively controlling temperature of blood
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
    • A61M1/369—Temperature treatment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/44—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for cooling or heating the devices or media
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/36—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling
    • A61M2205/366—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling by liquid heat exchangers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for adjusting the temperature of blood and the like fluids under sterile conditions, comprising a reservoir in the shape of a collapsible bag, in which the fluid is contacted with the outer surface of a temperature adjusting body through which a temperature adjusting medium flows, said temperature adjusting body comprising a substantially tubular rigid body passing through the collapsible bag in the assembly plane of the latter below the fluid inlet, a tight joint being provided between the bag and the tubular body at the ends of the latter.
  • the present invention relates to temperature control means for adjusting the temperature of blood and the like fluids under sterile conditions, the fluid in question being carried to a reservoir, in which the fluid is brought into contact with an outer surface of a temperature adjusting device, through which a temperature regulating medium flows, said reservoir comprising a collapsible bag, which consists of two layers of a flexible thermoplastic sheet material, which are welded together to form a bag with a top hem for its suspen- Temperature control means of this kind are used especially during an operation where a patient is having blood supplied, which has been treated in for example an oxygenator.
  • Temperature control means for this purpose are known. They can be inserted in the tube carrying the blood from the oxygenator to the patient and may be made from stainless steel, in order to make it possible to take them apart, clean them, sterilize them, and use them again. The possibility of re-using reduces the importance of production costs, but on the other hand the sterilization is a rather extensive and costly process. For this reason, temperature control means have been proposed, which are only used once and then discarded.
  • a disposable heat exchanger which is built into a reservoir in the lower part of an oxygenator, is known.
  • the reservoir is made from hard, transparent plastic, and in a flat, vertical part, it has a cylindrical enlargement with an approximately horizontal axis.
  • a cylindrical body for the regulation of temperature has been inserted, to and from the interior of which the temperature regulating medium is supplied and discharged.
  • the blood passes in a thin layer through the interspace between the cylindrical enlargement and the temperature control body.
  • water is used for the temperature adjustment, and in order to get a well defined surface temperature of the temperature control body, the water must be supplied with a certain pressure to give a good inner circulation and, accordingly, a good transmission of heat from the water to the transmission surface. Owing to the relatively high pressure of the water supply, there is a risk that the temperature control body will break, if the discharge tube is blocked or flattened, and thus cause a leakage of water into the blood present in the apparatus.
  • the equipment should also provide a secondary security, which limits, postpones, or prevents accidents in case a defect should occur in spite of all precautions.
  • a permanent risk of leakage of water into the blood exists, owing to the necessary joints between the temperature regulating body, its water supplies and the surrounding shell. Neither does a heat exchanger of this kind make it possible to prevent air from being pumped into the circulation of the patient if the supply of blood to the heat exchanger should fail.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide temperature control means for blood and the like fluids, in which the risk of defects occurring, which might be disastrous to the patient, is reduced to a minimum.
  • the temperature control means of the invention comprise a temperature adjusting device in the shape of a tubular, rigid body, passing through the collapsible bag in the assembly plane of the side walls of the bag below the fluid inlet, a sealing being provided between the tubular part of the said temperature adjusting device and the bag.
  • a collapsible bag as the reservoir, and enclosing the temperature control device in the latter, has the advantage of the passage being blocked when the reservoir is emptied, since this will result in that the bag collapses, whereby the outlet is blocked. Furthermore, an easy and reliable sealing between the temperature regulating body and the bag becomes possible, for example by means of a clamp or a rubber band pressing the parts of the bag surrounding the tubular body against the latter. This kind of assembling is inexpensive. These advantages are obtained without loosing the usual advantages of reservoirs with flexible walls. The fluid follows flexible walls and is thereby prevented from splashing, whereby degassing is facilitated, and the upper part of the bag serves as a bubble trap, thus preventing bubbles and foam from penetrating into the circulation of the patient.
  • the corrugation is helical, arid the tubular body has moulded end closures, which have been moulded in situ to fill out the corrugations at the ends of the tubular body of the temperature adjusting device to provide a tight joint.
  • a helical corrugation is especially simple and consequently economical to produce. Besides, it has turned out to be of no importance whether the corrugations are extending perpendicular to the axis of the tube or not.
  • the moulded end closures and the filling out of the corrugations at the ends of the tubular body ensure a good tightening against the bag, and the simultaneous moulding simplifies the production, and the temperature adjusting body is easily provided with inand outlets, since these can be formed simultaneously with the moulding of the end closures.
  • the temperature adjusting body passes through the reservoir at both sides.
  • the temperature adjusting body obtains only with difficulty the same strength at the ends as in the tubular part of it. This is partly due to the end closures proper consisting generally of sheet metal or moulded plastic, partly to the joining, which may be adhesively along the circumference of the end closure.
  • the temperature adjusting body passes through the reservoir at both sides, an extra safety is obtained against the temperature adjusting fluid penetrating into the blood, in case the tubular body should break, owing, e.g. to an increased pressure caused by a blockade of the outlet for the temperature adjusting fluid.
  • the interspace between the bag and the transmission surface may be determined by means of two shells enclosing the bag adjacent to the temperature adjusting body.
  • the flow can be controlled in order to obtain an even utilization of the heat transmission surface.
  • the opening between the shells above the temperature regulating body is increasing in width towards the ends, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevation of the temperature control means
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view along the line II II of FIG. 1, and
  • FIG. 3 a horizontal view along the line III III of FIG. 2.
  • the control means consists of a closed bag 1, made from two layers of plastic, which have been welded together by means of a welding seam 2 along the edges.
  • the bag is suspended at its upper edge, e.g., by means of a rod 4 passing through a hem 3.
  • a closed reservoir is formed, in which, for example, the temperature of blood treated in an oxygenator or in a dialysis apparatus can be adjusted before being brought back into circulation in a patient being subjected to an operation.
  • the blood is let off from the lower rounded part of the bag, to one wall of which a connecting piece 5 of plastic has been welded for the fixing of an outlet tube 6.
  • the inlet of fluid can take place through an opening 7 in the welding seam 2 at one side of the bag 1.
  • the opening 7 is connected with an inlet channel 8, which may form an integral part of the bag 1 by providing an extra welding seam on an enlargement of the two layers of plastic, from which the bag is made.
  • the inlet channel may have a curve 10, facing downwards to form a sort of water trap, e.g., by letting the welding seam 9 join the outline of the bag below the opening 7 in the welding seams 2 of the bag.
  • the inlet channel 8 may form a part of an oxygenator or a dialysis apparatus, to which the heat exchanger is connected, but may also have coupling means to connect it with other apparatuses, since the temperature control means of the invention may be used also in other cases where a temperature adjustment of a fluid under sterile conditions is desired.
  • the bag 1 has extensions 11 near the bottom of each of the two side seams.
  • the side seams are interrupted in each of these extensions along the part parallel to the side edge.
  • the extensions 11 thus form sleeves, which are preferably placed opposite one another, and through which a heat transmission surface 12 is passed, preferably in the form of a temperature adjusting body 13 of cylindrical outline.
  • a rubber band 14 is placed, said band being secured with a clamp of stainless steel. Thereby a tight joint is provided between the bag 1 and the temperature adjusting body 13.
  • two half-shells 15 of a cylindrical shape corresponding to that of the heat transmission surface 12 are enclosing the bag.
  • the interspace between the half-shells along the rims 16,17, the halfshells themselves, and the heat transmission surface determine the distribution of flow over the transmission surface.
  • the heat transmission surface 12 has been made with a corrugated surface in order to obtain a considerable heat transmission by compact dimensions.
  • FIG. 3 shows a section through the heat transmission surface, where the corrugations 18 are to be seen.
  • the heat transmission surface may advantageously be made from a compensation tube of a resistance seam welded sheet of stainless steel. This makes the corrugation helical, which is, however, without importance for the flow passing the temperature adjusting body.
  • the flow passes the channels formed between the corrugations, said channels being outwardly defined by the sheet material of the bag, which is kept close to or at a small distance from the corrugations by means of the halfshells 15.
  • the temperature adjusting body 13 has end closures 19, through which the inlet 20 and the outlet 21 for the temperature adjusting fluid are carried.
  • the end closures 19 can be moulded in situ from plastic and simultaneously the corrugation at the ends of the tube may be filled out to provide a surface, against which the plastic can tighten.
  • the material for the end clo sures may be filled into a rubber mould, in which the end of the corrugated tube is inserted prior to the setting of the plastic. If desired, the rubber mould may be left on the end closure.
  • the inlet 20 and the outlet 21 may be throughgoing tubes, to avoid expansion of the temperature adjusting body 13 in the longitudinal direction due to the fluid pressure.
  • the corrugated tube is submitted to a compression test before being cut in the necessary length for a transmission surface. Consequently, a considerable safety against leakage is obtained against penetration of the temperature regulating medium into the bag, where the blood is.
  • the end closures in the proposed construction are rather weak, and will break before the transmission surface, if, by accident, an increase of pressure in the temperature adjusting medium takes place, giving additional safety.
  • the inlet tube 20 and the outlet tube 21 are provided with holes 23, placed at short intervals, preferably tangentially to the axis of the tubular body.
  • the halfshells 15 may have end walls, which prevent a longitudinal expansion of the corrugated heat transmission surface by enclosing the end closures of the temperature adjusting body.
  • a filter may be built into the lower part of the bag between the tubular body and the outlet to retain solid particles and the like.
  • Temperature control means for adjusting the temperature of blood and the like fluids under sterile conditions comprising a reservoir consisting of a collapsible bag made from two sheets of flexible plastic welded together at the edges, and being suspended from a support at the top, and
  • a temperature adjusting means in the shape of a substantially tubular rigid body extending through the collapsible bag in the plane of assembly of the latter below an inlet for the fluid, and being provided with an inlet and an outlet for a temperature adjusting medium,
  • Temperature control means as set forth in claim 1, in which the tubular body has ribs or corrugations extending substantially perpendicular to its axis.
  • Temperature control means as set forth in claim 2, in which the tubular body has helical corrugations, and moulded end closures, the outside corrugations being filled up at the ends of the tubular body.
  • Temperature control means as set forth in claim 1, in which two half-shells enclose the collapsible bag adjacent the tubular body.
  • Temperature control means as set forth in claim 5, in which the half-shells have end walls enclosing at least the border of the end closures of the tubular body.
  • Temperature control means as set forth in claim 5, in which the opening between the half-shells increases in width towards the ends of the half-shells.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
US00140118A 1970-05-14 1971-05-04 Temperature control means for blood and the like fluids Expired - Lifetime US3731731A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK245670AA DK123073B (da) 1970-05-14 1970-05-14 Varmeveksler til temperering af blod eller lignende væsker under sterile forhold.

Publications (1)

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US3731731A true US3731731A (en) 1973-05-08

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US00140118A Expired - Lifetime US3731731A (en) 1970-05-14 1971-05-04 Temperature control means for blood and the like fluids

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US3731731A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5112960B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK123073B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2091563A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1348537A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3941356A (en) * 1974-11-13 1976-03-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health, Education And Welfare Method and apparatus for continuous mixing of blood plasma and additives
US4138464A (en) * 1976-05-10 1979-02-06 Lewin John E Blood oxygenator with integral heat exchanger
US4559999A (en) * 1983-04-08 1985-12-24 Shiley, Inc. Heat exchanger for extracorporeal circuit
US4585056A (en) * 1984-04-18 1986-04-29 Norton Company Heat exchanger
EP0174319A4 (en) * 1984-02-27 1986-07-08 Omnis Surgical Inc HEAT EXCHANGER FOR MASS TRANSFER DEVICE.
US4735775A (en) * 1984-02-27 1988-04-05 Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. Mass transfer device having a heat-exchanger
US4960167A (en) * 1987-02-24 1990-10-02 Hypeco Ab Heat exchanger
US5421405A (en) * 1993-12-07 1995-06-06 Avecor Cardiovascular, Inc. Heat exchanger
US20080031773A1 (en) * 2006-08-03 2008-02-07 Terumo Cardiovascular Systems Corporation Thermoelectric temperature control for extracorporeal blood circuit

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2405610A1 (fr) * 1977-10-07 1979-05-04 Leboeuf Lola Dispositif a plaques chauffantes electriques pour appareil de transfusion du sang
JPH02124630U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1989-03-27 1990-10-15
IT1255820B (it) * 1992-08-10 1995-11-16 Nicola Ghelli Scambiatore di calore in circuito ematico extracorporeo
CN108159529A (zh) * 2018-03-07 2018-06-15 李建平 一种静脉穿刺护理装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3103928A (en) * 1960-11-14 1963-09-17 Cyrus R Broman Flow device
US3171475A (en) * 1962-04-06 1965-03-02 Baxter Laboratories Inc Apparatus for blood handling
US3640283A (en) * 1970-03-02 1972-02-08 Baxter Laboratories Inc Disposable blood-warming container

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3103928A (en) * 1960-11-14 1963-09-17 Cyrus R Broman Flow device
US3171475A (en) * 1962-04-06 1965-03-02 Baxter Laboratories Inc Apparatus for blood handling
US3640283A (en) * 1970-03-02 1972-02-08 Baxter Laboratories Inc Disposable blood-warming container

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3941356A (en) * 1974-11-13 1976-03-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Health, Education And Welfare Method and apparatus for continuous mixing of blood plasma and additives
US4138464A (en) * 1976-05-10 1979-02-06 Lewin John E Blood oxygenator with integral heat exchanger
US4559999A (en) * 1983-04-08 1985-12-24 Shiley, Inc. Heat exchanger for extracorporeal circuit
EP0174319A4 (en) * 1984-02-27 1986-07-08 Omnis Surgical Inc HEAT EXCHANGER FOR MASS TRANSFER DEVICE.
US4735775A (en) * 1984-02-27 1988-04-05 Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. Mass transfer device having a heat-exchanger
US4585056A (en) * 1984-04-18 1986-04-29 Norton Company Heat exchanger
US4960167A (en) * 1987-02-24 1990-10-02 Hypeco Ab Heat exchanger
US5421405A (en) * 1993-12-07 1995-06-06 Avecor Cardiovascular, Inc. Heat exchanger
WO1995016174A1 (en) * 1993-12-07 1995-06-15 Avecor Cardiovascular Inc. Heat exchanger
US20080031773A1 (en) * 2006-08-03 2008-02-07 Terumo Cardiovascular Systems Corporation Thermoelectric temperature control for extracorporeal blood circuit
US7588549B2 (en) * 2006-08-03 2009-09-15 Terumo Cardiovascular Systems Corporation Thermoelectric temperature control for extracorporeal blood circuit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK123073B (da) 1972-05-15
JPS5112960B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-04-23
GB1348537A (en) 1974-03-20
DE2123620B2 (de) 1977-01-27
FR2091563A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-01-14
DE2123620A1 (de) 1971-12-02

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