US3731516A - Method for making bevel gear - Google Patents
Method for making bevel gear Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3731516A US3731516A US00158011A US3731516DA US3731516A US 3731516 A US3731516 A US 3731516A US 00158011 A US00158011 A US 00158011A US 3731516D A US3731516D A US 3731516DA US 3731516 A US3731516 A US 3731516A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- punch
- die
- bevel gear
- blank
- recesses
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/28—Making machine elements wheels; discs
- B21K1/30—Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49462—Gear making
- Y10T29/49467—Gear shaping
- Y10T29/49474—Die-press shaping
Definitions
- ABSTRACT Apparatus for making bevel gear using a die having contour and profile for obtaining a bevel gear upon pressing a blank into the die cavity a first press punch has a working surface smaller than the largest outer diameter of the bevel gear to be made for pressing the blank into the die cavity, and a second press punch disposed coaxial to and surrounding the first punch and being independently axially movable relative thereto, the second punch having an annular face disposed adjacent that part of the die establishing the teeth of largest diameter of the bevel gear.
- the present invention relates to apparatus for making bevel gear using metal stock, such as a steel blank pressed into a suitably profiled press die by means of a press punch.
- Tools are known for that purpose wherein the separating joint between punch and die runs in the largest front face of the bevel gear to be made.
- the pro jections in the die for forming the gaps between respective two teeth of the bevel gear protrude into the die cavity and are bounded by an axial face in an axial plane, and these projections have points in that plane accordingly.
- the working surface of the punch as fac' ing the blank is provided with an annular groove above these points to avoid that they have to take unduly high loads.
- the excess material forms a bead on the large axial end face of the bevel gear, corresponding to the annular groove of the punch.
- this construction has significant disadvantages.
- bipart the punch There is, first, an inner punch that provides the necessary forming force for pressing the metal blank into the die and for causing the material to flow into all the recesses.
- An axially displaceable, annular punch is coaxially disposed to the inner punch and receives same as well as part of the blank prior to press working.
- the annular punch, or punch guide covers at least in parts access to the toothforming recesses of the die from above. Upon completion of pressing, the annular punch yields, and excess material flows up, around the inner punch.
- the working surface of the inner punch that imparts force directly upon the blank is smaller than the largest root circle of the bevel gear to be made. This way, the press force never acts directly on the crests of the projections of the die. It should be noted that the invention can be practiced with stationary die and moveable inner punch, or with moveable die and stationary inner punch.
- the outer punch sits on the axial end faces of the protrusions of the profiled die which form the grooves or gaps between the bevel gear teeth. This prevents flow of the worked material out of the die cavity prior to completion of filling all of the interior of the die cavity.
- the recesses of the profiled die fill with flowing material (for forming the teeth), beginning in the bottom region of the die as defining the smallest gear diameter, and progressing to regions of larger diameter.
- excess material does not have to be provided for the preferred embodiment wherein the inner punch has smaller diameter than the circle defined by the points of the protrusion, in the plane closest to the punch (which is the largest root circle of the gear); the inner punch will never impact directly on tool parts.
- providing for some excess material is advisable, to offset deviations of the blank volume from average. In case there is a negative deviation from average, a faulty gear will necessarily result unless that average is chosen to be above the minimum.
- the excess material lifts the outer punch.
- the outer punch serves as a die closing element, and closing pressure force should be sufficient, so that the outer punch can be lifted only in the last phases of press working, when deformed material can flow only against that outer punch.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a crosssectional view through a stationary press die with moveable punches for making bevel gear by press working and constructed in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 illustrates also a cross section view of a modified construction with moveable die, but still constituting an example of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, whereby each figure has a part A to the left that shows the respective punches and die in position prior to press working, whereas part B to the right shows the same parts upon completion of the working process, the parts of the figures drawn in horizontal alignment of stationary tool parts.
- a press table or basic support 1 on which is mounted a die 2 being of conventional construction.
- a die cavity 21 visible as such in part A of FIG. 1.
- reference numeral 22 denotes projections that project into the die cavity and will impress the grooves of the bevel gear to be made. The crests of these projections will form the roots of the gear.
- Reference numeral 23 defines the upper annular end surface of the die, continued in axial end faces 24 of the projections 22.
- Reference numeral 3 denotes a blank to be pressed into a bevel gear.
- a punch arrangement which includes an inner punch 4 slideably received in an outer punch or punch sleeve 8. Initially, outer punch 8 sits on the annular faces 23 and 24 and, thus, closes from above the die recesses in which will be formed the teeth of the bevel gear. An ejector or counter-punch 6 is shown in the bottom of the equipment.
- Press working begins with insertion of blank 3 into the die cavity.
- the sleeve 8 is lowered and receives the upper part of blank 3.
- the die cavity is now actually closed.
- the working stroke finds punch 4 in down motion relative to die 2, and the blank is forced into the die cavity.
- Block 40 denotes schematically application of press force.
- Application of pressure force continues until the die cavity is filled completely. Bottom regions in the die corresponding to the smallest gear diameter are filled first, and filling progresses radially outwardly and to the upper portions of the die cavity, and material will be particularly forced into all of profile recesses of the die to obtain the teeth of the gear.
- the material flows predominantly in radial outward direction.
- outer punch 8 Upon completion of that filling process, outer punch 8 is lifted as now the excess material 9 has no other way to flow than up. As shown schematically in block 80, outer punch 9 is held down by a limited amount of force; only after the excess material turns to flow up, the axial counter force thereby exerted upon outer punch 8 exceeds the holding down force and that permits punch 8 to be lifted. Little resistance is offered to that up flow, so that the excess material may indeed be accommodated. Subsequently, upper punches 4 and 8 are lifted and ejector 6 removes the bevel gear 5.
- the die is secured to the press table or frame, while the several punches are moveable.
- central punch 4' remains stationary and die 2 is disposed on a moveable plunger or ram.
- the latter kind of equipment may be of particular advantage when the blank feeding device requires holding of the blank prior to pressing, for example, in outer plunger 8.
- Outer punch or sleeve 8' is axially moveable and engages die 2 to close the die cavity as before. However, sle'eve or punch 8' is moved down with the die; hold down pressure is applied as before. Upon completion of pressing, punch 8' is forced down to accommodate the excess material 9. Even though the press force is applied to the die in this example, it is still the stationary punch that presses the blank into the die cavity.
- the closing or hold down force for punches 8 or 8' may be applied in various ways. It may be of advantage to maintain the die closing force constant during the press operation.
- a hydraulic transmission is used preferably to provide the particular closing force upon punch 8 (or 8).
- the hydraulic pressure defines the limit that must be exceeded by the pressure of material flow for forcing the outer punch off the die.
- punch 4 or punch 4 cannot possibly impact directly upon the projections 22, as between the annular 24 and the working face of punch there will always be a buffer or barrier layer of material 9. Also, the axial end faces 24 of the projections 22 remain protected by the outer punch 8.
- a first press punch having a working surface smaller than the largest outer diameter of the bevel gear to be made, for providing pressure force to the blank for pressing the blank into the die cavity towards the end of small diameter to assume shape of a bevel gear;
- a second press punch disposed coaxial to and directly surrounding the first punch in sliding contact therewith, being capable of closing the die cavity around the first punch, and being independently axially moveable relative thereto, the second punch having an annular face disposed adjacent and covering the recesses of the die establishing the teeth of largest diameter of the bevel gear during press working by the first punch;
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19702034043 DE2034043A1 (de) | 1970-07-09 | 1970-07-09 | Vorrichtung zur spanlosen Herstellung von Kegelzahnrädern |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3731516A true US3731516A (en) | 1973-05-08 |
Family
ID=5776244
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00158011A Expired - Lifetime US3731516A (en) | 1970-07-09 | 1971-06-29 | Method for making bevel gear |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3731516A (sv) |
AT (1) | AT302780B (sv) |
BE (1) | BE761062A (sv) |
CH (1) | CH525739A (sv) |
DE (1) | DE2034043A1 (sv) |
FR (1) | FR2098261B1 (sv) |
GB (1) | GB1303568A (sv) |
NL (1) | NL7100456A (sv) |
SE (1) | SE369382B (sv) |
Cited By (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3887978A (en) * | 1973-04-21 | 1975-06-10 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Manufacturing of bevel gear by cold forming of blanks in a press die |
US4008599A (en) * | 1974-09-28 | 1977-02-22 | Kabel-Und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshutte Aktiengesellschaft | Apparatus for making bevel gear |
US4275924A (en) * | 1978-08-07 | 1981-06-30 | Keiper Automobiltechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Hinge mount having a wobble gear adjuster for a tiltable seat back of a motor vehicle seat |
US4299112A (en) * | 1977-10-20 | 1981-11-10 | Kabushiki Kaisha Wako | Method and device for producing synchronizer ring |
WO1981003632A1 (en) * | 1980-06-12 | 1981-12-24 | K Castles | Punch and die assembly |
US4341106A (en) * | 1977-04-13 | 1982-07-27 | Gleason Works | Apparatus for controlling the movement of a reciprocatory hydraulically driven element of a metal forming machine |
US4422236A (en) * | 1981-10-01 | 1983-12-27 | General Electric Company | Method of extruding parts with captured fixture |
US4509395A (en) * | 1980-07-08 | 1985-04-09 | Feintool Ag Lyss | Process for precision cutting |
US4586360A (en) * | 1983-07-08 | 1986-05-06 | Dako-Werkzeugfabriken David Kotthaus Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method of and apparatus for the fine cutting (punching) of articles |
US4856167A (en) * | 1987-02-12 | 1989-08-15 | Eaton Corporation | Method for producing near net ring gear forgings |
US5787753A (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 1998-08-04 | Colfor Manufacturing, Inc. | Apparatus and method for forging a pinion gear with a near net shape |
US6324931B1 (en) | 2000-04-19 | 2001-12-04 | Dana Corporation | Straight bevel gears with improved tooth root area geometry and method for manufacturing forging die for making thereof |
US20030079516A1 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2003-05-01 | Nsk Ltd. | Method for manufacturing a hollow rack shaft |
US20040093729A1 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2004-05-20 | Roeske Klaus Jurgen | Forging method and apparatus |
US20050132769A1 (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-06-23 | Parker Glen C. | Forged knurled socket housing and method of manufacture |
US20120222463A1 (en) * | 2011-03-04 | 2012-09-06 | Kennametal Inc. | Method for manufacturing an insert pocket of a cutter body |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2191957B1 (sv) * | 1972-07-10 | 1975-03-07 | Glaenzer Spicer Sa | |
US5245851A (en) * | 1989-09-19 | 1993-09-21 | M.H. Center Limited | Differential pinion, metal mold for plastic working the same, and method for plastic working with the metal mold |
FR2654025B1 (fr) * | 1989-11-07 | 1994-06-03 | Perrier Jean | Procede et outillage pour le forgeage a froid de pignons dentes. |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2925748A (en) * | 1954-07-19 | 1960-02-23 | Ralph R Ross | Fastening apparatus |
GB836706A (en) * | 1953-11-12 | 1960-06-09 | Kabel Und Metallwerke Neumeyer | Improvements relating to the production of hollow metal bodies by pressing |
GB940467A (en) * | 1962-04-12 | 1963-10-30 | Oreste Flavio Alfredo Biginell | Improved method and apparatus for extruding hollow bodies |
US3174318A (en) * | 1958-01-23 | 1965-03-23 | Daniel M Fox | Method of forming articles from ductile materials |
US3258834A (en) * | 1964-02-13 | 1966-07-05 | Prec Forge Company | High energy rate forging method |
US3286498A (en) * | 1964-02-03 | 1966-11-22 | Gen Electric | Compressive forming |
GB1190150A (en) * | 1968-01-08 | 1970-04-29 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Method of Producing Bevel Gears by Cold Forming |
US3540255A (en) * | 1967-12-13 | 1970-11-17 | Lamson & Sessions Co | Method and apparatus for making hollow metal articles |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR48184E (fr) * | 1937-02-26 | 1937-11-03 | Système d'alimentation pour moteurs à explosions permettant d'utiliser, à volonté, les hydrocarbures légers ou les hydrocarbures lourds | |
US3370450A (en) * | 1965-10-21 | 1968-02-27 | Trw Inc | Forging machine and method |
-
1970
- 1970-07-09 DE DE19702034043 patent/DE2034043A1/de active Pending
- 1970-12-22 FR FR7046308A patent/FR2098261B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1970-12-30 BE BE761062A patent/BE761062A/xx unknown
-
1971
- 1971-01-13 NL NL7100456A patent/NL7100456A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1971-02-10 AT AT112071A patent/AT302780B/de active
- 1971-03-17 SE SE03427/71A patent/SE369382B/xx unknown
- 1971-06-25 CH CH932971A patent/CH525739A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-06-29 US US00158011A patent/US3731516A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1971-07-08 GB GB3211071A patent/GB1303568A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB836706A (en) * | 1953-11-12 | 1960-06-09 | Kabel Und Metallwerke Neumeyer | Improvements relating to the production of hollow metal bodies by pressing |
US2925748A (en) * | 1954-07-19 | 1960-02-23 | Ralph R Ross | Fastening apparatus |
US3174318A (en) * | 1958-01-23 | 1965-03-23 | Daniel M Fox | Method of forming articles from ductile materials |
GB940467A (en) * | 1962-04-12 | 1963-10-30 | Oreste Flavio Alfredo Biginell | Improved method and apparatus for extruding hollow bodies |
US3286498A (en) * | 1964-02-03 | 1966-11-22 | Gen Electric | Compressive forming |
US3258834A (en) * | 1964-02-13 | 1966-07-05 | Prec Forge Company | High energy rate forging method |
US3540255A (en) * | 1967-12-13 | 1970-11-17 | Lamson & Sessions Co | Method and apparatus for making hollow metal articles |
GB1190150A (en) * | 1968-01-08 | 1970-04-29 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Method of Producing Bevel Gears by Cold Forming |
Cited By (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3887978A (en) * | 1973-04-21 | 1975-06-10 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Manufacturing of bevel gear by cold forming of blanks in a press die |
US4008599A (en) * | 1974-09-28 | 1977-02-22 | Kabel-Und Metallwerke Gutehoffnungshutte Aktiengesellschaft | Apparatus for making bevel gear |
US4341106A (en) * | 1977-04-13 | 1982-07-27 | Gleason Works | Apparatus for controlling the movement of a reciprocatory hydraulically driven element of a metal forming machine |
US4299112A (en) * | 1977-10-20 | 1981-11-10 | Kabushiki Kaisha Wako | Method and device for producing synchronizer ring |
US4275924A (en) * | 1978-08-07 | 1981-06-30 | Keiper Automobiltechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Hinge mount having a wobble gear adjuster for a tiltable seat back of a motor vehicle seat |
WO1981003632A1 (en) * | 1980-06-12 | 1981-12-24 | K Castles | Punch and die assembly |
US4509395A (en) * | 1980-07-08 | 1985-04-09 | Feintool Ag Lyss | Process for precision cutting |
US4422236A (en) * | 1981-10-01 | 1983-12-27 | General Electric Company | Method of extruding parts with captured fixture |
US4586360A (en) * | 1983-07-08 | 1986-05-06 | Dako-Werkzeugfabriken David Kotthaus Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method of and apparatus for the fine cutting (punching) of articles |
US4856167A (en) * | 1987-02-12 | 1989-08-15 | Eaton Corporation | Method for producing near net ring gear forgings |
US5787753A (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 1998-08-04 | Colfor Manufacturing, Inc. | Apparatus and method for forging a pinion gear with a near net shape |
US20030079516A1 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2003-05-01 | Nsk Ltd. | Method for manufacturing a hollow rack shaft |
US20030196469A1 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2003-10-23 | Nsk Ltd. | Method for manufacturing a hollow rack shaft |
US6779271B2 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2004-08-24 | Nsk Ltd. | Method for manufacturing a hollow rack shaft |
US6898853B2 (en) * | 2000-03-09 | 2005-05-31 | Nsk Ltd. | Method for manufacturing a hollow rack shaft |
US6324931B1 (en) | 2000-04-19 | 2001-12-04 | Dana Corporation | Straight bevel gears with improved tooth root area geometry and method for manufacturing forging die for making thereof |
US20040093729A1 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2004-05-20 | Roeske Klaus Jurgen | Forging method and apparatus |
US7000444B2 (en) * | 2001-03-29 | 2006-02-21 | Bishop Innovation Limited | Forging method and apparatus |
US20050132769A1 (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-06-23 | Parker Glen C. | Forged knurled socket housing and method of manufacture |
US7080539B2 (en) | 2003-12-22 | 2006-07-25 | Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc. | Forged knurled socket housing and method of manufacture |
US7802940B2 (en) | 2003-12-22 | 2010-09-28 | Federal-Mogul World Wide, Inc | Forged knurled socket housing |
US20120222463A1 (en) * | 2011-03-04 | 2012-09-06 | Kennametal Inc. | Method for manufacturing an insert pocket of a cutter body |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2098261B1 (sv) | 1975-07-04 |
FR2098261A1 (sv) | 1972-03-10 |
AT302780B (de) | 1972-10-25 |
DE2034043A1 (de) | 1972-01-13 |
BE761062A (fr) | 1971-05-27 |
CH525739A (de) | 1972-07-31 |
GB1303568A (sv) | 1973-01-17 |
NL7100456A (sv) | 1972-01-11 |
SE369382B (sv) | 1974-08-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3731516A (en) | Method for making bevel gear | |
EP0116877B1 (en) | Method and apparatus of producing a stepped hollow article | |
KR100286623B1 (ko) | 금속관 액압벌징 가공방법 및 그 장치 | |
US3605475A (en) | Method and apparatus for extruding gear blanks | |
JPS622886B2 (sv) | ||
US3835686A (en) | Method of manufacturing a steel component having a head part and a hollow shank part | |
US3887978A (en) | Manufacturing of bevel gear by cold forming of blanks in a press die | |
EP0092253B1 (en) | Metal sheet forming process with hydraulic counterpressure | |
JP5246588B2 (ja) | 歯車の製造装置及び製造方法 | |
US4038860A (en) | Plastic molding process for metal | |
JP3269726B2 (ja) | 歯車部品の精密冷間鍛造装置 | |
JPH10296382A (ja) | 据込み鍛造方法 | |
US3719068A (en) | Method of manufacturing an article having a cylindrical peripheral wall and integral thin-walled portions inwardly thereof | |
JPS6182944A (ja) | 大径フランジ付き軸部品の製造方法 | |
US2544455A (en) | Method of making print rolls | |
JPH078402B2 (ja) | フランジ付きボスの成形方法 | |
US3021003A (en) | Extrusion device | |
US3552173A (en) | Arrangement for the extrusion of tubular elements fabricated by means of a press and also the presses used to obtain these elements | |
US3158262A (en) | Metal extrusion | |
JP2002130315A (ja) | 等速ジョイント内輪の製造方法 | |
US2826940A (en) | Method of piercing type for hobbing punches | |
CN111069414B (zh) | 零件冲孔加工装置及方法 | |
JPS6228040A (ja) | 歯車の押出成形方法 | |
JPH10211539A (ja) | ギヤの製造方法 | |
DE2029116A1 (sv) |