US3729284A - Jolting tables - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to jolting tables for manufacturing structural members from concrete. Such tables normally comprise a vibratory plate on a support structure which is used as a mould base for the member and a jolter is mounted below this plate. In accordance with the invention, the support structure is rigid and the plate is freely mounted thereon without resilient cushioning in such a fashion that it may be laterally displaceable within predetermined limits: the jolter is movable along a jolting rail that extends substantially over the whole length of the plate, said rail being secured directly to the inside of the plate. The support structure is rigidly connected to a base member which may be a prepared slab of concrete or the ground. The support framework may be made from steel or wooden members.

Description

United States Patent [191 Hubmann m1 9 3,729,284 [451 Apr. 24, 1973 JOLTING TABLES [76] Inventor: Georg Hubmann, Harlachinger Foreig ppli at on Priority Da a UNITED STATES PATENTS Haponski ..259/l R X Newport et al. ..259/DlG. 42

Primary Examiner-J. Spencer Overholser Assistant ExaminerDeWalden W. Jones Atl0rneyKelman & Berman [57] ABSTRACT This invention relates to jolting tables for manufacturing structural members from concrete. Such tables normally comprise a vibratory plate on a support structure which is used as a mould base for the member and a jolter is mounted below this plate. In accordance with the invention, the support structure is rigid and the plate is freely mounted thereon without resilient cushioning in such a fashion that it may be laterally displaceable within predetermined limits: the jolter is movable along a jolting rail that extends substantially over the whole length of the plate, said rail being secured directly to the inside of the plate. The support structure is rigidly connected to a base member which may be a prepared slab of concrete or the ground. The support framework may be made from steel or wooden members 7 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures Patented April 24, 1973 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 XNVENTORI GCDF? HIAbVhQ Patented April 24, 1973 3,729,284

4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORI 620k? H BYI a Q e Patented April 24, 1973 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 'INVENTOR; Georg HM b qnn BYI l'fibqam a v ama 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTORi Gaol 3 7 45 "Ian BY '4 Mo/ I 4] JOLTING TABLES The present invention relates to jolting tables for producing finished structural parts made of concrete, for example for use as ceilings, walls or supports, said table consisting of a plate located to vibrate on a supporting structure, for use as a mould base for said finished parts and vibratable by a jolter mounted therebelow.

.Iolting tables of this type are known, and are used primarily in concrete factories but not on the building sites on which the finished parts are used. The supporting structures in such known tables consist of heavy welded or cast structures on which a steel or cast plate mounted on resilient cushions or vibration mounts is arranged as the mould base.

Since the transport of the finished parts from the concrete factory to the building site on which the finished parts are to be used as constructional parts, causes high transport costs due to the great weight and the large dimensions of such finished structural parts, it would be very advantageous to be able to set up ajolting table directly at a building site. This is, however, uneconomical with the known heavy jolting tables made of steel, since the assembly and disassembly thereof is only possible with very great effort.

It is, therefore, an object of the invention to provide a jolting table for use in making finished concrete structural parts, which table can be assembled rapidly and also by unskilled labor in a cheap manner at a building site and afterwards disassembled. It is a further object that such a table shall be made of cheap material present on most building sites, and which requires, for assembly and disassembly, no kind of hoisting apparatus and no kind ofheavy vehicles for transporting to and from such building site.

To this end, the invention consists in a jolting table for manufacturing finished structural parts of concrete, comprising a plate located to vibrate on a support structure, for use as a mould base for the finished part and vibratable by ajolter mounted therebelow, wherein said plate is freely mounted on a rigid support structure without resilient cushioning to be laterally displaceable within predetermined limits, a jolting rail extending substantially over the entire length of said plate to enable said jolter to be moved therealong, being secured directly to the underside of said plate, and wherein said support structure is rigidly connected to a base member.

A jolting table having these features is not only mountable and dismountable in a cheap manner with materials'generally present at building sites without skilled labor and without large lifting equipment, but surprisingly it also offers jolting properties which con respond substantially to the hitherto known heavy stationary tables of a comparable capacity. It is so cheap to manufacture that it is as a rule cheaper to scrap the table after dismounting than to transport it to a new building site and erect it again. Thus, the usually costly careful'dismantling and further transporting of the jolting table can be avoided.

It is sufficient if the supporting structure for the plate forming the mould base consists of vertical wooden stakes embedded in a base or the floor on which wooden beams extending in the longitudinal direction of the table rest, which are rigidly connected to the stakes, for example by lateral bars. It is, however, also possible to produce the supporting structure from a set of plate supports made from steel or wood arranged parallel to the jolting rail which rests on a plurality of support frames arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of the supports.

It is advantageous if the plate forming the mould base projects on at least two opposed edges over the support structure and if stiffening or stop profiles are secured to the plate on these edges in order to avoid too great a lateral displacement of the plate on its support structure.

In order to obtain jolting tables of great length, it is further advantageous if the jolting rail extends up to the edge of the plate or beyond the latter and can be connected to jolting rails of adjacently arranged tables. Thus, a table of any length can be produced in a simple manner by simply placing together a number of individual tables.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the supporting structure be covered or enclosed on its four side walls by plates such that an inner chamber sealed on all sides is produced in which heating means, for example in the form of steam-heated radiators, can be arranged.

If the intermediate spaces between the base beams are also filled with heat insulation means, such as the material known in the trade as STYROPOR," then there will be an effective heat insulation with respect to the base and there will be an efficient utilization of a heating means for the jolting table arranged between the Styropor slab or plate and the sheet steel plates.

In order that the invention may be more clearly understood, reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings which show some embodiments thereof by way of example, and in which:

FIG. I shows in partly cutaway perspective view a preferred embodiment ofjolting table according to the invention of steel construction,

FIG. 2 shows in partly cut-away perspective view a second embodiment of jolting table of wooden construction,

FIG. 3 shows a front view of the table shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 shows a section through the line IV-IV of FIG. 3, and

FIG. 5 shows a front view ofa further embodiment.

Referring now to the drawings, the jolting tables shown therein consist generally of a sheet steel plate 1 forming'the base of a mould for making a finished structural part, said plate 1 resting on a support structure 2 (FIG. I) or 2 (FIG. 2), said structure consisting of longitudinal, transverse and vertical supports. A jolting rail 3 is secured to the underside of the sheet steel plate I on which rail is suspended an out-of-balance jolter 4 in trolley fashionv The jolter 4 can be moved backwards and forwards on the rail 3 over the entire length ofthe sheet steel plate I by means ofa drag line.

Upon erection of the jolting table at a building site, firstly a frost-proof base having a steel concrete plate 5 is laid. Base stays 6 projecting at intervals vertically upwardly from the plate 5 are embedded in the reinforcements thereof, said stays being subsequently used for attaching the jolting table to the base plate. Mutually parallel base beams 7, in the longitudinal direction of the table, are placed on the base plate 5, and are used as a base for the supporting frame 2 (FIG. 1) or 2. (FIG. 2) of the jolting table. Support frames 8 (FIG. I) or 8(FIG. 2) are mounted parallel to one another on this base beam 7 transverse to its longitudinal direction.

In order to obtain a rigid connection of the supporting frame 8 (or 8) to the base plate 5, it -is .advantageous to mount anchoring beams 9 extending parallel to the base beams 7 which are mounted on the lower ties of the support frames 8 (or8). Mould bolts 10 are then mounted on the ends of the floor stays 6 projecting from the anchoring beams 9 which press the supporting frames 8 or 8' heavily against the base beams 7.

The upper ties of the support frame 8 (or 8') are interrupted approximately at their centers and connected by shortvertical bars to the lower ties of the support frame 8(or 8'). Thus, a U-shaped recess extending in the longitudinal direction of the table is created in the center of the support structure 2 (or 2) in which the jolter 4 can be moved backwards and forwards in unimpeded fashion, after the steel plate 1 has been placed in position.

Then plate supports 12(or 12'), which form the upper head for the support structure 2(or 2) are mounted on the upper ties of the mutually parallel vertical support frames 8(or 8), parallel to the base beams 7, i.e., entirely in the longitudinal direction of the table.

The sheet steel plate 1 ofajolting table may be 3 meters in length and 3 meters in width, and consist of two commercially available'6 millimeter primary sheet steel plates 3 meters in length and 1.5 meters in width. These two sheet steel plates are placed together and fastened together at short intervals. The remaining narrow gap between the primary steel plates is filled with iron cement and ground, so that a completely flat sheet steel plate is obtained. The jolting rail 3 consisting of a double T-girder is firmly screwed to the underside of the sheet steel plate 1 by countersunk steel screws in its longitudinal axis perpendicular to the joint between the two connected primary steel plates. It is advantageous to arrange the ends of the jolting rail 3 close to the edges of the sheet steel plate 1. Additional sections 13 are screwed to the edges of the sheet steel plate, with countersunk screws acting both as reinfor-cement and as a side stop.

The sheet steel plate I is then mounted on the support structure 2 such that its jolting rail 3 projects into the U-shaped recess of the support frames 8 (or 8'), Le. comes directly between the two innermost plate supports 12 (or 12). The jolting rail 3 and plate support 12 (or 12') are thus parallel.

After mounting the sheet steel plate I on the support structure 2 (or 2') the jolter 4 which has a trolley-like carriage 14 on its upper run can be pushed over the lower web of the jolting rail 3.

Whilst wood is suitable as a material for the base beams 7 and the anchoring beams 9 ofjolting table, due to the vibrations that will be set up, the support frames and the plate supports for the table may be made either of steel or wood. In the preferred embodiment of FIG. I, the support structure 2 consists of steel U- and double-T girder profiles. FIG. 2, on the other hand, shows a jolting table where the support structure 2 is made entirely of wood.

Whilst with the steel structure the individual supports are either screwed or welded to one another, with the wooden construction, a connection between the short vertical stakes and the upper orlower ties of the support frames 8' which is resilient to bending is produced by nailing, screwing or glueing on strengthening plates 11. These strengthening plates 11 may, for example, consist of hardboard or chipboard.

Several, e.g., four, heating pipes 15, which will be clear from FIG. 3, are used in the embodiment of FIGS. 2 to 4, these pipes being fed with steam and extending in the longitudinal direction of the table parallel to the plate support 12 and the base beam 7, and the intermediate spaces are filled with a plastics foam material, such as STYROPOR, forming slabs or plates 16. Vertically arranged side walls 17 made from chipboard, prevent the heat flowing towards the sides, and reinforce the entire jolting table in the longitudinal direction thereof.

FIG. 4 shows the arrangement of a continuous drag line 18 with whose aid the jolter 4 with its trolley-like carriage 14 can be pushed backwards and forwards along the jolting rail 3. The drag line 18 passes over a guide pulley 19 secured to the support construction 2 as well as over a rope pulley 20 which is rotated by means ofa crank handle 20'.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the plate forming the mould base 1, consists of laminated wood which is coated with a glass fiber reinforced polyester foil which adheres to the wooden plate. The plate rests on wooden beams 21 extending in their longitudinal direction which are mounted on stakes 22 of square timber and are rigidly connected to the latter bylateral bars 23 likewise made of wood. The stakes 22 are directly embedded in concrete bases 24. Cross beams (not shown) can also be arranged between the wooden beams 21 extending in the longitudinal direction of the plate and the stakes 22 on which the longitudinal beams rest. Side walls 25 are mounted on the exterior of the outermost series of stakes, which seal of the space below the plate 1 and enable intensive heating of the underside of the plate. The side walls 25 extend almost directly to the underside of the plate 1 on which locating stops 26 are fixed outside the side walls which, in conjunction with the side walls 25, prevent excessive lateral displacement of the plate 1 on its support structure.

The constructional design more particularly of this embodiment is so simple that it can be mounted in the shortest time with the most simplemeans in the sim-' plest manner on the building site without any skilled labor and expensive lifting and assembling equipment and without welding equipment or the like. The support structure has no kind of heavy and expensive iron framework, the assembly of which would require complicated equipment and skilled personnel. The jolting table according to the invention which hardly requires investment costs, however enables the direct manufacture of concrete finished parts at any building site, the

building costs are considerably reduced because there is no necessity to transport the finished parts over long distances;

If finished structural parts of greater length are required on a building site, assembling jolting tables of greater length may be necessary. A jolting table of any length can be formed by simple assembling ofa plurality of jolting tables of the kind described above. in so doing, the tables must be placed together in such a manner that the frontal end of the jolting rails of the one table rests on the frontal end of the jolting rail of the other table so that one jolter 4 may be used, if desired, for two adjoining tables. It is, however, advantageous to use one jolter for each jolting table of 3 X 3 meters.

lclaim:

1. A jolting table for manufacturing finished structural parts of concrete, comprising a plate for use as a mold base for the finished part and vibratable by a jolter mounted therebelow, said plate being freely mounted on a rigid support structure without resilient cushioning and laterally displaceable within predetermined limits, a jolting rail extending substantially over the entire length of said plate to enable said jolter to be moved therealong, said jolting rail being secured directly to the underside of said plate, said support structure being rigidly connected to a base member and consisting of a set of supports for said plate, arranged parallel to the jolting rail and resting on at least two support frames arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of said supports, each supporting frame consisting ofa lower tie member extending over the entire width of said plate, and an upper tie member extending parallel over said lower tie member and being interrupted in the area of said jolting rail,at least four vertical bars extending between said upper and lower tie members.

2. A jolting table as claimed in claim 1, wherein said plate is made from steel, plastics material or wood with a plastics coating.

3. A jolting table as claimed in claim 1, wherein said support structure rests on a set of base beams and is connected to the base via member by floor stays which bear on anchoring beams extending parallel to said base beams and resting on the lower tie member of said supporting frame.

4. A jolting table as claimed in claim 1, wherein said vertical bars are connected so as to be resistant to bending by means of strengthening plates secure to said tie members.

5. A jolting table as claimed in claim 1, wherein said plate projects on at least two opposing edges beyond said supporting structure, and wherein reinforcing or stop profiles are secured to said plate at said edges.

6. A jolting table as claimed in claim 1, wherein said support structure is covered on its four side walls with plates to form an inner chamber sealed on all sides in which heating means are arranged.

7. A jolting table as claimed in claim 1, wherein the intermediate spaces between the base beams are filled with heat-insulating material.

Claims (7)

1. A jolting table for manufacturing finished structural parts of concrete, comprising a plate for use as a mold base for the finished part and vibratable by a jolter mounted therebelow, said plate being freely mounted on a rigid support structure without resilient cushioning and laterally displaceable within predetermined limits, a jolting rail extending substantially over the entire length of said plate to enable said jolter to be moved therealong, said jolting rail being secured directly to the underside of said plate, said support structure being rigidly connected to a base member and consisting of a set of supports for said plate, arranged parallel to the jolting rail and resting on at least two support frames arranged transversely to the longitudinal direction of said supports, each supporting frame consisting of a lower tie member extending over the entire width of said Plate, and an upper tie member extending parallel over said lower tie member and being interrupted in the area of said jolting rail, at least four vertical bars extending between said upper and lower tie members.

2. A jolting table as claimed in claim 1, wherein said plate is made from steel, plastics material or wood with a plastics coating.

3. A jolting table as claimed in claim 1, wherein said support structure rests on a set of base beams and is connected to the base via member by floor stays which bear on anchoring beams extending parallel to said base beams and resting on the lower tie member of said supporting frame.

4. A jolting table as claimed in claim 1, wherein said vertical bars are connected so as to be resistant to bending by means of strengthening plates secure to said tie members.

5. A jolting table as claimed in claim 1, wherein said plate projects on at least two opposing edges beyond said supporting structure, and wherein reinforcing or stop profiles are secured to said plate at said edges.

6. A jolting table as claimed in claim 1, wherein said support structure is covered on its four side walls with plates to form an inner chamber sealed on all sides in which heating means are arranged.

7. A jolting table as claimed in claim 1, wherein the intermediate spaces between the base beams are filled with heat-insulating material.

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