US3724381A - Tear gas element - Google Patents

Tear gas element Download PDF

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Publication number
US3724381A
US3724381A US00050172A US3724381DA US3724381A US 3724381 A US3724381 A US 3724381A US 00050172 A US00050172 A US 00050172A US 3724381D A US3724381D A US 3724381DA US 3724381 A US3724381 A US 3724381A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
envelope
cartridge
irritant agent
tear gas
accordance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00050172A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
H Gawlick
G Marondel
W Siegelin
W Wasser
H Bendler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynamit Nobel AG
Original Assignee
Dynamit Nobel AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19691933029 external-priority patent/DE1933029C/de
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel AG filed Critical Dynamit Nobel AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3724381A publication Critical patent/US3724381A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
    • F42B12/50—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances by dispersion

Definitions

  • TEAR GAS ELEMENT Inventors: Heinz Gawlick, Furth; Gunther Marondel, Er GmbH: Werner Siegel- I in, Stein; Wolfgang Wasser, Hellmut Bendler, both of Nurnberg, all of Germany [73] Assignee: Dynamit Nobel Aktiengesellschaft,
  • ABSTRACT relatesto an irritant agent element such as a tear gas element which can be used for temporarily disabling persons at the target site with a minimum of risk of physical injuries and mechanical damage.
  • the element comprises a tear gas cartridge containing tear gas-producing bodies and detonator and combustion means for deflagrating said tear gas-producing bodies, the feature of the invention residing in the provision of an envelope of resilient, readily deformable material surrounding said cartridge. Channels are provided in the envelope for the emanation of the tear gas from the cartridge.
  • This invention relates to an irritant agent element. More particularly, it relates to a tear gas element wherein the element is surrounded by a resilient, readily deformable envelope.
  • Tear gas weapons are well known in the art. They are designed to be thrown by hand or to be transported to posed therebetween, i.e., cylindrically shaped with their site of deployment by means of suitable firing devices. The distances which can be traversed in the latter case are between about meters and several hundred meters.
  • the tear gas elements or articles comprise a metallic or plastic sleeve, case or jacket having several permeable areas from which the tear gas can emanate after triggering by means of a suitable detonator, for example, a friction primer or a percussion primer.
  • the substance producing the tear gas is contained in the tear gas element in solid form and develops the tear gas during combustion. The tear gas escapes spontaneously therefrom because of the thusdeveloped pressure.
  • Tear gas elements are employed solely for the purpose of temporarily disabling" persons at the target site.
  • no damage or injuries are normally to-be caused thereby.
  • This cannot be accomplished with the conventional tear gas cartridges, especially when they are tired either by a gun or by special firing devices. Rather, when larger firing distances are involved, there is the serious danger that persons can be injured or that property damage can result.
  • tear gas projectiles even in the case of throw-type tear gas projectiles, there is the danger of injury to persons. For this reason, it is often necessary to handle such projectiles very carefully and, in many cases, they cannot be thrown to hit the desired target, because the dangers to persons present at that site are too grave.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a solution to the problem of providing a tear gas element which, when used, does not cause any mechanical damage or physical injuries.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a tear gas element which emanates tear gas to force persons to leave a specific locality without causing other dangers.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide tear gas elements which overcome the disadvantages and deficiencies of those employed in the prior art.
  • the above objectives are met by surrounding the tear gas originator, i.e., the tear gas-producing substance or lacrimator, in the tear gas element with a resilient, readily deformable envelope, cover, jacket, casing or sheath.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to substantially mitigate the impact or shock effects of a thrown tear gas projectile or a tear gas shell, i.e., a tired tear gas projectile.
  • the sheathing envelope is made of a foam material, foam rubber or a similar resilient material. A particularly convenient shape for the tear gas element,
  • the tear gas element can also be cushioned on the side pointing in the firing direction by means of a softer material than that provided on the side on which the propellant pressure is effective and which is, accordingly, exposed to a high mechanical and thermal stress.
  • a friction igniter or fuse is threadedly inserted in an opening of the tear gas element provided with an internal thread and is arranged in such a manner that, after removing the metallic head and activating the friction primer, no metallic parts project toward the outside of the envelope or sheath.
  • the tear gas element contains a time fuse or fuse train embedded in the cushion.
  • the effect of tear gas elements can be considerably enhanced if these elements can still travel after being ignited, since this feature makes it possible to provide a wider scattering and improved dissipation of the tear gas.
  • the tear gas element can additionally be provided with bursting or explosive charges which propel the elements anew after impact, causing them to move around to various localities.
  • FIG. I shows a tear gas throw element with a friction fuze
  • FIG. 2 shows a tear gas projectile with a time fuze.
  • the cushion 1 of the tear gas throw element according to FIG. 1 has a spherical shape.
  • the tear gas cartridge 2 is embedded in this cushion.
  • the cartridge has a cylindrical configuration and is provided with perforated plates 3 and 4, preferably of sheet metal or a suitable synthetic resin, at the front ends (end faces) thereof, making it possible for the tear gas to escape after the device has been triggered.
  • the cylindrical part of the cartridge 2 consists essentially of a shell made of metal or a synthetic resin and is impermeable to gas.
  • channels 5 radiate outwardly to the outside through the cushion 1 the latter consisting essentially of a foam material of, for example, a synthetic resin, such as foamed polystyrenes or foamed polyurethanes or foam rubber, as described above, or a similar resilient substance, so that the developing tear gas can escape therefrom.
  • a foam material of, for example, a synthetic resin, such as foamed polystyrenes or foamed polyurethanes or foam rubber, as described above, or a similar resilient substance, so that the developing tear gas can escape therefrom.
  • the tear gas cartridge 2 is of a conventional construction.
  • a spacer disk 6 is disposed behind the perforated metal sheet 3 on the end face side. This spacer disk keeps the individual annular solid bodies 7, which generate tear gas during their burning, compressed together.
  • An elastic spacer piece 8 is disposed on the side opposite the disk 6, followed by two disks 9 for clamping the friction fuse 10 as well as the perforated disk or plate 4.
  • the friction fuse 10 is provided with a continuous flange for clamping between the disks 9.
  • the diameter of the cylinder 10 is adapted to the internal diameters of the annular solid bodies 7 in such a manner that there is sufficient space between the two components to allow the gases to pass therethrough.
  • the individual solid disks 7 are separated from one another in the axial direction by intermediate layers 1 l.
  • the cylindrical friction fuze 10 extends axially to approximately the center of the tear gas cartridge 2.
  • a flammable substance 12 is inserted which, after ignition, combusts uniformly.
  • a fuze cord 13 leads to the outside through a corresponding channel in the cushion material. The ignition is effected in a conventional manner by pulling at the cord 13, whereby the powder present in the fuze 10 and thus also the disks 7 of solid material are caused to deflagrate.
  • a tear gas element is shown in projectile shape. It comprises the cylindrical tear gas cartridge 22, encompassed by a likewise cylindrical body 23 of foam material, the ends of which are, however, of hemispherical configuration. Perforated plates 24 and 25 are also inserted in the end faces of the cartridge 22. Channels 26 lead from said plates toward the outside through the cushion body 23.
  • the solid bodies 27 generating the tear gas during combustion are of annular shape and are separated from one another by intermediate layers 28.
  • the fixed support for these solid bodies is effected by the spacer tube 29 made of an elastic material.
  • the detonator 30 is affixed between the two clamping disks 31 by means of a clamping ring, in such a manner that the gases can escape laterally past the detonator through the perforated disk 24.
  • the portion of the cavity which is not filled by the detonator 30 is filled with a readily flammable material 32.
  • a time fuze 30 is employed, the time fuze being ignited by the firing gases. These gases arrive, through the channel 33 extending in the axial direction, at the tear gas cartridge 22 and, thus, at the detonator or fuze 30.
  • An irritant agent element comprising a cartridge containing at least one irritant agent-producing body and detonator and combustion means for deflagrating said irritant agent-producing body, said cartridge being essentially completely surrounded by an envelope of resilient, readily deformable material such that no portion of the cartridge protrudes from the envelope in the operative condition, said envelope containing at least one channel for the emanation of the irritant agent from said cartridge, and said cartridge serving for supporting said envelope.
  • An irritant agent element in accordance with claim 1 wherein a friction fuze is threadedly inserted in an opening provided with an internal thread and being disposed in said cartridge, said fuze being arranged such that no metallic parts project to the outside of said envelope after removing the metallic head and pulling off the friction fuze.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
US00050172A 1969-06-28 1970-06-26 Tear gas element Expired - Lifetime US3724381A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19691933029 DE1933029C (de) 1969-06-28 Wurfkörper

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3724381A true US3724381A (en) 1973-04-03

Family

ID=5738373

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00050172A Expired - Lifetime US3724381A (en) 1969-06-28 1970-06-26 Tear gas element

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3724381A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS503160B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE752619A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2053943A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7007449A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3895579A (en) * 1972-03-25 1975-07-22 Dynamit Nobel Ag Irritant agent device
US4942820A (en) * 1988-11-14 1990-07-24 Sawruk Stephen D Fragmentation device
US5654523A (en) * 1995-05-02 1997-08-05 Combined Systems, Inc. Stun grenade
RU2150666C1 (ru) * 1998-12-08 2000-06-10 Войсковая часть 44239 Боеприпас нелетального действия
WO2006063564A1 (de) * 2004-12-13 2006-06-22 Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Jürgen Diederichs GmbH & Co. KG Irritationskörper
US20070079972A1 (en) * 2005-09-23 2007-04-12 Fireaway Llc Manually activated, portable fire-extinguishing aerosol generator
US20070245918A1 (en) * 2006-04-10 2007-10-25 Fireaway Llc Ignition unit for aerosol fire-retarding delivery device
US7461701B2 (en) 2006-04-10 2008-12-09 Fireaway Llc Aerosol fire-retarding delivery device
US20110056711A1 (en) * 2006-05-04 2011-03-10 Fireaway Llc Portable fire extinguishing apparatus and method

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3895579A (en) * 1972-03-25 1975-07-22 Dynamit Nobel Ag Irritant agent device
US4942820A (en) * 1988-11-14 1990-07-24 Sawruk Stephen D Fragmentation device
US5654523A (en) * 1995-05-02 1997-08-05 Combined Systems, Inc. Stun grenade
RU2150666C1 (ru) * 1998-12-08 2000-06-10 Войсковая часть 44239 Боеприпас нелетального действия
WO2006063564A1 (de) * 2004-12-13 2006-06-22 Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Jürgen Diederichs GmbH & Co. KG Irritationskörper
US20070079972A1 (en) * 2005-09-23 2007-04-12 Fireaway Llc Manually activated, portable fire-extinguishing aerosol generator
US20070245918A1 (en) * 2006-04-10 2007-10-25 Fireaway Llc Ignition unit for aerosol fire-retarding delivery device
US7461701B2 (en) 2006-04-10 2008-12-09 Fireaway Llc Aerosol fire-retarding delivery device
US7614458B2 (en) * 2006-04-10 2009-11-10 Fireaway Llc Ignition unit for aerosol fire-retarding delivery device
US20110056711A1 (en) * 2006-05-04 2011-03-10 Fireaway Llc Portable fire extinguishing apparatus and method
US8146675B2 (en) 2006-05-04 2012-04-03 Fireaway Llc Portable fire extinguishing apparatus and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1933029A1 (de) 1971-01-21
JPS503160B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-01-31
BE752619A (fr) 1970-12-01
NL7007449A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-12-30
FR2053943A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-04-16

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