US3719796A - Heating unit having a ptc heating resistor - Google Patents

Heating unit having a ptc heating resistor Download PDF

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Publication number
US3719796A
US3719796A US00164627A US3719796DA US3719796A US 3719796 A US3719796 A US 3719796A US 00164627 A US00164627 A US 00164627A US 3719796D A US3719796D A US 3719796DA US 3719796 A US3719796 A US 3719796A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
resistor
case
ptc
ftc
heating
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00164627A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Abildtrup
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Danfoss AS
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Danfoss AS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/02—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient
    • H01C7/022—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient mainly consisting of non-metallic substances
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/20—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
    • G05D23/24—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature the sensing element having a resistance varying with temperature, e.g. a thermistor
    • G05D23/2401—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature the sensing element having a resistance varying with temperature, e.g. a thermistor using a heating element as a sensing element

Definitions

  • Resistors the resistance of which increases with temperature
  • FTC-resistors are frequently used in industry, for example as temperature-responsive resistors, as the starting resistors of single-phase asynchronous mo- I tors, or as heating resistors. in all cases, their currentliquid, e.g., coffee.
  • one or more PTC- V resistor bodies in disc form are enclosed in a fluid-tight manner in a casing,-tw faces of the casing being in heat-conducting contact with the faces of the discs, and an electrically insulating layer of mica being fitted between the faces of the casing and the discs.
  • the current-carrying capacity of the FTC-resistors is still lower.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a heating device comprising a FTC-resistor, which device can be more heavily loaded than previously as regards electrical power or temperature.
  • this object is achieved by completely immersing the FTC-resistor in a fluid which undergoes a flow movement when differences in the surface temperature of the FTC-body occur.
  • the fluid surrounding the FTC-resistor is a uniform good conductor of heat, since the fluid is kept continuously in circulation, and as long as the PTC-resistor is heated, the fluid is warmed on the PTC-body and cooled on the case.
  • a heating element of this kind can be sealed off in a fluid-tight manner and can be used for heating a fluid. It can also be incorporated in a hotplate or attached to its underside.
  • the fluid is not electrically conductive. Then the FTC-resistor can be directly immersed in the fluid.
  • the FTC-body should be provided with a coating of electrically insulating material. In this connection, it suffices to apply very thin coatings that neither adversely affect the thermal conductivity nor apply any forces at all to the PTC- body.
  • the FTC-body and the fluid are placed in a closed case. Since the FTC-body is completely surrounded by fluid, its surface is virtually not in contact with this case at any point. Nevertheless,
  • the PTC-body can also be fitted directly in a fluid-medium that is to, be heated.
  • the fluid to be heated e.g., water or coffee
  • the FTC-resistor must be provided with a thin, electrically insulating protective coating, e.g., of glass or plastics material, in order to meet safety requirements. This arrangement is also suitable when a FTC-heating resistor is to be fitted directly in the water.
  • a device for compensating the differences in the volume of the fluid governed by temperature can be agas-cushion, a resilient wall or the like. It is then unnecessary to ensure'that the fluid has the smallest possible coefficient of thermal expansion.
  • the FTC-resistor is not only used to provide a predetermined amount of heat
  • FIG. I is a schematic section through a hot-plate constructed in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic section through a water heater constructed in accordance with the invention.
  • a PTC-body l andthe oil 2 surrounding it are contained in a metal case 3.
  • Leads 4 and 5 run through lead-through passages in insulations 6 and 7 to the end-faces of the body 1.
  • the top of the metal case 3 is in heat-conducting contact with the bottom of a metal plate 8, on which a cooking vessel for example can be placed.
  • the bottom of the case 3 contains an opening 9 which is covered by a resilient sheetmetal element 10.
  • a FTC-body 13 having the form of an annular disc, is fitted in a con tainer l2 filled with water 11.
  • the PTC-body has a thin electrode coating 14 and 15 on each of its two faces, and'leads l6 and 17 are secured to these coatings and pass through lead-through passages in insulations 18 and 19 upwards through the base of the container.
  • the FTC-body l3 and electrodes 14 and 15 are surrounded by a thin electrically insulating coating 20 which, as in the case of the electrodes 14 and 15, possess good thermal conductivity and apply no external stresses to the body 13.
  • the water 11 that is to be heated is used for keeping the surface temperature of the PTC- body 13 uniform. Provision should therefore be made for the body 13 also to be covered by the water during the cooling period. This can be achieved for example by fitting a water-intake cock 21, incorporating a valve 22, in the wall of the container and at a point just above the FTC-body 13.
  • the PTC-body can be fitted in a recess in the base, in which recess residual water is always present.
  • a heating unit comprising a sealed metal case for a liquid, said case having top, sides and bottom walls, a PTC heating resistor mounted in said case in spaced relation to said walls, a heat conductive liquid in said case in substantially complete surrounding relation to said resistor, said top wall being in contact with a heat conductive state for conducting heat thereto, electrical leads for said resistor extending through one of said walls and electrically insulated therefrom, said one of walls having an opening, and a resilient sheet portion closing said opening and being outwardly expandable in response to the liquid inner pressure applied thereto.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Apparatuses And Processes For Manufacturing Resistors (AREA)
  • Non-Adjustable Resistors (AREA)
US00164627A 1970-08-14 1971-07-21 Heating unit having a ptc heating resistor Expired - Lifetime US3719796A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2040523A DE2040523C3 (de) 1970-08-14 1970-08-14 Heizvorrichtung mit PTC Widerstand

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3719796A true US3719796A (en) 1973-03-06

Family

ID=5779812

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00164627A Expired - Lifetime US3719796A (en) 1970-08-14 1971-07-21 Heating unit having a ptc heating resistor

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3719796A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS52142251U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR7105227D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA936576A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH526247A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2040523C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DK (1) DK129070B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES393611A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2104247A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1306907A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7111206A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NO (1) NO133296C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3885129A (en) * 1974-02-28 1975-05-20 Sprague Electric Co Positive temperature coefficient resistor heater
US4007684A (en) * 1973-09-26 1977-02-15 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Public Corporation Ink liquid warmer for ink jet system printer
US4029941A (en) * 1975-10-20 1977-06-14 Gould Inc. Electric heater assembly
US4068115A (en) * 1974-05-09 1978-01-10 Sweetheart Plastics, Inc. Food serving tray
US4086467A (en) * 1976-07-19 1978-04-25 Texas Instruments Incorporated Electronic heater for high voltage applications
US4141327A (en) * 1976-09-09 1979-02-27 Texas Instruments Incorporated Early fuel evaporation carburetion system
US4147927A (en) * 1975-04-07 1979-04-03 U.S. Philips Corporation Self-regulating heating element
FR2417234A1 (fr) * 1978-02-14 1979-09-07 Siemens Ag Thermoplongeur
US4177375A (en) * 1977-09-29 1979-12-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Heating device having an optimized heating element of PTC thermistor material
US4210800A (en) * 1977-02-21 1980-07-01 U.S. Philips Corporation Heating element comprising a PTC-resistor body
US4336444A (en) * 1980-01-14 1982-06-22 Gust, Irish, Jeffers & Hoffman Apparatus and method for converting electrical energy into heat energy
US4387291A (en) * 1980-11-28 1983-06-07 Texas Instruments Incorporated Fuel heater system and self-regulating heater therefor
US4394646A (en) * 1979-10-31 1983-07-19 Goessler Gerhard Temperature indicator for a glass ceramic cooking surface
US4459466A (en) * 1980-11-26 1984-07-10 Nippon Soken, Inc. Dual air passage heating apparatus with ceramic heater element
US4639818A (en) * 1985-09-17 1987-01-27 Raychem Corporation Vent hole assembly
US4797534A (en) * 1987-06-08 1989-01-10 Gte Products Corporation PTC thermistor heating device
US5025133A (en) * 1989-04-04 1991-06-18 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Semiconductor wafer heating device
US5073699A (en) * 1988-02-05 1991-12-17 V. Dardanella Austin Device for warming food and beverage containers having support plate and perimeter skirt structure
US6094129A (en) * 1994-11-19 2000-07-25 Daimlerchrysler Ag PTC thermistor and a current limiter device having at least one PTC thermistor
GB2397237A (en) * 2003-01-18 2004-07-21 Draeger Medical Ag Heated incubator hood and incubator temperature control
US20050281547A1 (en) * 2004-06-16 2005-12-22 Yvan Sauvageau Surface heating system
US20110064394A1 (en) * 2009-09-11 2011-03-17 Elkamet Kunststofftechnik Gmbh Heatable liquid container made from plastic material and production method therefor

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0001542A1 (fr) * 1977-09-27 1979-04-18 Jules Eeckhout Procédé de régulation de la température d'un corps chauffant bimétallique servant de thermocouple pendant les arrêts du courant électrique de chauffage et appareil électrique utilisant ce procédé
EP0029102B1 (de) * 1979-11-15 1983-05-11 LGZ LANDIS & GYR ZUG AG Steuereinrichtung für einen Ölbrenner mit einem Ölvorwärmer
US5058197A (en) * 1990-04-02 1991-10-15 Emerson Electric Co. Heater apparatus for fluid medium in a hermetically sealed chamber

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS4421744Y1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1965-06-14 1969-09-13

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4007684A (en) * 1973-09-26 1977-02-15 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Public Corporation Ink liquid warmer for ink jet system printer
US3885129A (en) * 1974-02-28 1975-05-20 Sprague Electric Co Positive temperature coefficient resistor heater
US4068115A (en) * 1974-05-09 1978-01-10 Sweetheart Plastics, Inc. Food serving tray
US4147927A (en) * 1975-04-07 1979-04-03 U.S. Philips Corporation Self-regulating heating element
US4029941A (en) * 1975-10-20 1977-06-14 Gould Inc. Electric heater assembly
US4086467A (en) * 1976-07-19 1978-04-25 Texas Instruments Incorporated Electronic heater for high voltage applications
US4141327A (en) * 1976-09-09 1979-02-27 Texas Instruments Incorporated Early fuel evaporation carburetion system
US4210800A (en) * 1977-02-21 1980-07-01 U.S. Philips Corporation Heating element comprising a PTC-resistor body
US4177375A (en) * 1977-09-29 1979-12-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Heating device having an optimized heating element of PTC thermistor material
FR2417234A1 (fr) * 1978-02-14 1979-09-07 Siemens Ag Thermoplongeur
US4230935A (en) * 1978-02-14 1980-10-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Immersion heater
US4394646A (en) * 1979-10-31 1983-07-19 Goessler Gerhard Temperature indicator for a glass ceramic cooking surface
US4336444A (en) * 1980-01-14 1982-06-22 Gust, Irish, Jeffers & Hoffman Apparatus and method for converting electrical energy into heat energy
US4459466A (en) * 1980-11-26 1984-07-10 Nippon Soken, Inc. Dual air passage heating apparatus with ceramic heater element
US4387291A (en) * 1980-11-28 1983-06-07 Texas Instruments Incorporated Fuel heater system and self-regulating heater therefor
US4639818A (en) * 1985-09-17 1987-01-27 Raychem Corporation Vent hole assembly
US4797534A (en) * 1987-06-08 1989-01-10 Gte Products Corporation PTC thermistor heating device
US5073699A (en) * 1988-02-05 1991-12-17 V. Dardanella Austin Device for warming food and beverage containers having support plate and perimeter skirt structure
US5025133A (en) * 1989-04-04 1991-06-18 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Semiconductor wafer heating device
US6094129A (en) * 1994-11-19 2000-07-25 Daimlerchrysler Ag PTC thermistor and a current limiter device having at least one PTC thermistor
GB2397237A (en) * 2003-01-18 2004-07-21 Draeger Medical Ag Heated incubator hood and incubator temperature control
GB2397237B (en) * 2003-01-18 2005-03-09 Draeger Medical Ag Method for regulating the temperature of an incubator hood
US20050281547A1 (en) * 2004-06-16 2005-12-22 Yvan Sauvageau Surface heating system
US7187854B2 (en) * 2004-06-16 2007-03-06 Yvan Sauvageau Heating tiles
US20110064394A1 (en) * 2009-09-11 2011-03-17 Elkamet Kunststofftechnik Gmbh Heatable liquid container made from plastic material and production method therefor
US8768153B2 (en) * 2009-09-11 2014-07-01 Elkamet Kunstsofftechnik GmbH Heatable liquid container made from plastic material and production method therefor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7111206A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-02-16
NO133296B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1975-12-29
JPS52142251U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1977-10-28
GB1306907A (en) 1973-02-14
BR7105227D0 (pt) 1973-04-17
DK129070B (da) 1974-08-12
DE2040523C3 (de) 1973-09-20
FR2104247A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-04-14
CA936576A (en) 1973-11-06
ES393611A1 (es) 1973-08-16
DE2040523A1 (de) 1972-02-17
NO133296C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-04-07
CH526247A (de) 1972-07-31
DE2040523B2 (de) 1973-03-01

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