US3716316A - Apparatus for the application of a refractory lining to the inside wall of metallurgical vessels, as well as a moulding unit to be utilized in combination therewith - Google Patents

Apparatus for the application of a refractory lining to the inside wall of metallurgical vessels, as well as a moulding unit to be utilized in combination therewith Download PDF

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Publication number
US3716316A
US3716316A US00152668A US3716316DA US3716316A US 3716316 A US3716316 A US 3716316A US 00152668 A US00152668 A US 00152668A US 3716316D A US3716316D A US 3716316DA US 3716316 A US3716316 A US 3716316A
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United States
Prior art keywords
mould
jacks
mold
moulding unit
vessel
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00152668A
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English (en)
Inventor
C Dekker
P Joustra
J Paro
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Koninklijke Nederlandsche Hoogovens En Staalfab Nv nl
KONINKLIJKE HOOGOVENS EN STAAL
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KONINKLIJKE HOOGOVENS EN STAAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/02—Linings
    • B22D41/023—Apparatus used for making or repairing linings

Definitions

  • the apparatus comprises a sand slinging device for applying refractory lining in granular form, a molding unit temporarily installed in and spaced from the vessel walls, and means for freeing the mold from the installed lining comprising vibration generators distributed around the inner periphery of the mold and hydraulic jacks, preferably removable, distributed about such periphery neat the bottom of the mold and expandable downwardly to raise the mold.
  • a set of three jacks and a set of three vibrators are preferred, attached respectively to the lower and upper parts of a two-part mold.
  • the preferred form also has manually operable jacks and centering spindles for the mold and at its bottom edges a cylindrical ring movable to sealingly engage the surface therebelow, an annular platform proximate to the top of the lower part of the mold, and vibration generators comprising eccentric 30 F A li ti P 1 orelgn pp ca on nonty Data masses rotatable about vertical axis in different June 12, 1970 Netherlands ..700865l directions of rotation. 52 US. Cl. ..425/13 264/30 266/43 the the the mm is 51 Int. Cl .3 "F2711 1/16 timed raised free of of the vessel and [58] Field of Search m266/43; 264/30; 64/19 198.
  • Concurrent and l 2 en Separate controls for the hydraulic jacks are Primary Examiner-Robert L. Spicer, .lr. preferably provlded' y- Hougmon 10 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures un 9 WI 5 ll 1 l' 'l I ll 8 l 13 12 G 20 l 4 APPARATUS FOR THE APPLICATION OF A REFRACTORY LINING TO THE INSIDE WALL OF METALLURGICAL VESSELS, AS WELL AS A MOULDING UNIT TO BE UTILIZED IN COMBINATION TIIEREWITII
  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the application of a refractory lining to the inside wall of metallurgical vessels, comprising a so called sand slinging device for the directional slinging of a refractory mass in granular form, and a moulding until which is adapted to be temporarily installed within the vessel, while leaving clear an annular space between said unit and
  • the invention relates more particularly to the repairing of casting ladles for iron and steel works, though it is not limited thereto.
  • casting ladles are generally used for the collection of 250 to 300 tons of crude steel.
  • the inside wall of the vessels is often composed of several layers of refractory material.
  • the so-called permanent lining There is generally made a distinction between the so-called permanent lining and the socalled wearing lining. After the wearing lining has become worn out to an impermissible extent, the vessel is allowed to cool down and the entire wearing lining is removed to be replaced by a new lining. In order to cut the costs of the application of a new wearing lining, attempts have been made to realize a mechanization of said repairing.
  • a particularly successive form of mechanization of this repairing consists in that a wearing lining is applied with the aid of a so called sand slinging device, as is known from the art of manufacturing casting moulds for the foundry.
  • a sand slinging head essentially consisting of an impeller rotating at high velocity, slings the moulding material between the permanent lining and a removable moulding unit or mould in the direction of the bottom of the vessel through a nozzle.
  • moulding unit or mould has been given a sim ple frustoconical shape and is hoisted up from the bottom of the vessel with the aid of a crane, after the slinging of sand has been finished, it appears in practice that serious damage to the wearing lining is unavoidable. Therefore, attempts have been made to embody the moulding unit such that this disadvantage may be avoided.
  • it is built up from several structural parts, which may be dismantled and removed individually.
  • the present invention consists in that an apparatus as disclosed in the first paragraph of this specification is provided with vibrators on the inside of the mould and distributed about the inner periphery of said mould, while additional connecting means have been provided on the inside of the mould and distributed about the inner periphery thereof, in the zone close to the bottom edge of said mould, which connecting means serve to connect jacks thereto, which jacks are adapted to be energized hydraulically and to expand in a downward direction.
  • mould together with the vibrators and the connecting means for the jacks constitutes a moulding unit which, as such, falls within the scope of the present invention as well.
  • the mould comprise two annular mould parts which are adapted to be connected to one another, one above the other, the hydraulic jacks being connected to the lower one of such parts of the mould and the vibrators being connected to the upper one of said parts.
  • a conceivable embodiment is one in which the hydraulic jacks are rigidly connected to the moulding unit by means of the connecting means present.
  • the common supply system for feeding said jacks with the fluid may also be a part of the moulding unit.
  • a more simple structure and a more simple manner of manoevering therewith can be realized if the hydraulic jacks are detachably connected to the bottom part of the moulding unit.
  • the moulding unit preferably in the bottom portion, is provided with three manually operated jacks, which are adapted to expand in the downward direction, and with three screw spindles, which are adapted to be screwed outwardly through the wall of the mould, said jacks and spindles being uniformly space about the periphery of the moulding unit.
  • the moulding unit is in contact with the bottom of the vessel, even after its position has been re-adjusted. This is to prevent the refractory mass from dropping on to the bottom of the vessel by passing underneath the bottom edge of the mould during the slinging of the mass into the slot-like space beyond the mould.
  • Said filling may consist of moulding sand or of separate undetached mould parts, if desired.
  • An additional device forming a part of the moulding unit consists of an annular platform which is detachably secured in the proximity of the top edge of the lower part of the mould. On this platform may be arranged hydraulic auxiliary equipment, which is needed for making the hydraulic jacks function. In addition to this, the final finishing to be carried out on the upper edge of the wearing lining may be carried out from said platform.
  • the mould may be made to vibrate by the vibrators in various manners, which may be effective to a greater or lesser extent.
  • vibrators of several commercially available types may be utilized. It has appeared that satisfactory results may be obtained in a simple manner by utilizing vibrators which comprise eccentric masses rotatable in a plane extending transversely to the axis of the mould. As a result of this the mould is made to vibrate only in directions extending transversely to the axis of the mould with respect to the slung body of lining material. In essence, this form of vibration results in the body of said material being compressed to a further extent by the vibrating mould, in part, however, the mould is loosened with respect to the said body of the lining in the direction of rotation as well.
  • the bottom portion of the mould is placed in position and jacked up with the manually operated jacks until it is no longer in contact with the bottom of the vessel, and until the cylindrical ring is supported on said bottom, while it still has a possibility of movement in a vertical direction;
  • the bottom portion of the mould is centered with the aid of the screwed out screw spindles and is positioned accurately horizontally with its top edge with the aid of the manually operated jacks;
  • the vibrators are actuated and the hydraulic jacks are brought to a second higher pressure level
  • the vibrators are stopped, the manually operated jacks are expanded to a further extent and the hydraulic jacks are removed,
  • the portions of the moulding unit are disconnected in inverted order and removed from the vessel.
  • FIG. 1 shows a vertical sectional view of a steel ladle with a moulding unit according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a diagrammatic view of a part of the hydraulic system.
  • FIG. 3 shows the detail III of FIG. 1 on an enlarged scale.
  • FIG. 4 and 5 show other details of FIG. I, also on an enlarged scale.
  • the reference numeral 1 indicates the steel jacket of a steel ladle.
  • the bottom of the vessel has been provided with a permanent refractory brick lining 2 and a refractory wearing lining 3.
  • the permanent lining 4 is applied to the wall of the vessel.
  • the moulding unit is essentially formed by a top mold portion 5 and a bottom mold portion 6.
  • the portions 5 and 6 are connected with one another by means of two annular flanges 7 and 8 with the aid of keys or the like.
  • Ring 12 also serves as a support for three legs 13 of an annular platform 14.
  • the platform 14 is bounded at the inside by the upright balustrade 15 with handrail on top.
  • a ring-shaped member 16 is suspended within the mould, at the bottom thereof, by means of three bolts 17 which extend through the ring 11.
  • FIG. 3 this detail is shown on an enlarged scale. With this it is achieved that the moulding unit can be adjusted in a vertical direction and can be slightly tilted, without spoiling the sealing between the moulding unit and the permanent lining 3 of the bottom of the vessel.
  • Three vibrators (vibration generators) 19 are connected to the rings 9 and 7 of the top portion of the mould, said vibrators being uniformly spaced about the periphery of the mould.
  • Said vibrators 19 comprise electric motors with the axis arranged in a vertical direction, which electric motors support on their axis an eccentric mass.
  • Said motors have a power of 0.55 kW and a speed of 1450 r.p.m.
  • the unbalance force amounts to approximately 1.7 tons.
  • Two out of three vibrators rotate clockwise, while the third one rotates in an anti-clockwise direction or the reverse, as seen from above.
  • three manually operated jacks 21 are connected with the bottom portion 6 of the mould, said jacks being shown in greater detail in FIG. 5. With the aid of said manually operated jacks, the moulding unit can be adjusted in the correct horizontal position.
  • In the proximity of the manually operated jacks 21 there are three hydraulic jacks 22 which are adapted to be connected to the moulding unit. In FIG. 4 is shown in what way said hydraulic jacks 22 can be connected to the portion 6 of the mould.
  • a concentric ring 23 At the top of the portion 5 of the mould there is secured a concentric ring 23, two guide rollers 28 and 29 rollers along said ring. Said rollers 28 and 29 are attached to the sand slinging device 24 by means of a frame 27, which slinging device is adapted to sling moulding refractory material as a jet 26 through a nozzle 25 into the ring-shaped space between the mould and the permanent lining 4 of the casting vessel.
  • a high speed rotating impeller (not shown) with a horizontal axis perpendicular to the plane of drawing of FIG.
  • the moulding unit After the moulding unit has been placed in position on the bottom of the vessel, its position is accurately centralized with respect to the ladle with the aid of the manually operated jacks 21 and the screw spindles 20.
  • the hydraulic jacks 22 are placed in position and adjusted to the initial operative height. During this procedure the mould is still stationary, but the weight of the moulding unit itself is taken up already by these jacks. Simultaneously, the vibrators 19 are operated and the hydraulic jacks 22 are adjusted to a higher oil pressure level. Thereupon the moulding unit is jacked up to a height which suffices to detach the moulding unit from the conically-shaped permanent lining. After the manually operated jacks 21 have subsequently been turned down to a further extent and the oil pressure has been removed from the hydraulic jacks, the moulding unit can be dismantled. To this end, first of all the top portion of the mould together with the platform is removed, whereupon finally the bottom portion of the mould with the accessories thereof are hoisted up from the bottom of and out of the vessel.
  • FIG. 2 shows a detail diagram of connections of th hydraulic system.
  • the oil which is fed to the jacks 22 originates from the pump 30.
  • the pump pressure is checked by means of a manometer 31, while an excess of the oil under excess pressure is allowed to escape through overflow valve 32.
  • the oil is fed to the switch valve 34 and from there it is passed to the lower side of the plungers of the jacks 22 through duct 43 and through the opened valves 44, 45, 46, during the phase wherein the initial operative pressure is exerted.
  • the oil will simultaneously be passed to'the spaces on the right-hand side of the plunger assembly in the equalizing system 38 through ducts 40, 41 and 42. Thereby the plunger assembly 39 will perform a movement to the left.
  • the overflow valve 32 will be re-adjusted to a higher value, the valves 44, 45 and 46 will be closed and the switch valve 34 will be switched to the other end position.
  • the oil pressure will thereupon be transferred to the spaces the equalizing system 38, causing said plungers to perform a synchronous movement to the right.
  • oil will be passed under pressure through the ducts 40, 41 and 42 below the plungers of the jacks 22 in metered, uniform quantities.
  • said jacks will be thrust upwards over mutually equal distances.
  • the vibrators 19 are actuated with the result that the slung moulding material is compressed which, in its turn, results in the mould becoming detached from said moulding material forming the new wearing lining.
  • FIG. 4 shows in more detail in what manner the hydraulic jack 22 may be connected to the bottom portion 6 of the mould.
  • the end of the jack is provided with a screw threaded part 51, onto which a nut with a collar 52 can be screwed.
  • Said nut is in contact with the forked support 54, while the casing of the jack is also aligned by the forked support 53.
  • Said jack will now, with the bottom of the casing of the jack(at the upper end)be.in contact with the bracket 47.
  • Retaining rods 56 and 57 are rotatable about a rotary shaft 55 (outside the plane of the drawing), which rods are thus retaining the jack.
  • the piston rod 48 is at its end provided with a spherical head 49, which is retained in a shoe 50.
  • the shoe can take any position with respect to the jack which is necessary to adjust itself to the slope of the permanent lining 3 of the bottom of the vessel.
  • FIG. is shown in more detail in what manner the manually operated jack 21 is connected to the bottom portion 6 of the mould.
  • this jack is adapted to be screwed with its screw-threaded part 58 into a screw threaded tube 59 which is secured to portion 6 of the mould by means of a hub and two supports 60 and 61.
  • the manually operated jack 21 is retained in a shoe 65 which is adapted to adjust itself to the slope of the bottom of the vessel.
  • spokes which may be inserted through holes 63 in the shaft of the jack 21, said jack may be turned and thus be moved in a vertical direction.
  • Apparatus for the application ofa refractory lining to the inside wall of metallurgical vessels comprising a so-called sand slinging device for the directional slinging of a refractory mass in granular form, and a moulding unit, which is adapted to be temporarily installed within the vessel, while leaving clear an annular space between the mould of said unit and the wall of said vessel, characterized in that on the side of the mould, distributed about the inner periphery thereof, there are provided vibration generators and that on the inside and distributed about the inner periphery of the mould, in the proximity of the bottom edge thereof, there are provided connecting means for the connection of jacks which are adapted to be energized hydraulically and are expansible in a downward direction.
  • the moulding unit according to claim 2 characterized in that there are present three vibration generators and connecting means for three hydraulic jacks.
  • moulding unit characterized in that the mould comprises two annular mould parts, which are adapted to be connected together, one
  • the hydraulic jacks being connected to the lower one of such parts of the mould and the vibration generators being attached to the upper one of such parts of said mould.
  • the moulding unit according to claim 4 characterized in that the mould, preferably in the said lower part, and distributed about the periphery thereof, comprises three manually operated jacks which are adapted to be expanded in downward direction and three screw spindles which are adapted to be screwed out through the wall of the mould to the outside.
  • the moulding unit according to claim 2 characterized in that the vibration generators, in a plane transverse to the axis of the mould, comprise rotatable eccentric masses, and that part of said vibration generators are adapted to rotate in a different direction of rotation than the other generators.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
US00152668A 1970-06-12 1971-06-14 Apparatus for the application of a refractory lining to the inside wall of metallurgical vessels, as well as a moulding unit to be utilized in combination therewith Expired - Lifetime US3716316A (en)

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NL7008651A NL7008651A (cs) 1970-06-12 1970-06-12

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US (1) US3716316A (cs)
BE (1) BE768407A (cs)
DE (1) DE2129177C3 (cs)
FR (1) FR2095224B3 (cs)
GB (1) GB1329484A (cs)
NL (1) NL7008651A (cs)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3837630A (en) * 1972-03-20 1974-09-24 Rheinstahl Ag Method of lining metallurgical furnaces and a lining material
US3963815A (en) * 1971-07-10 1976-06-15 Nippon Steel Corporation Method of lining molten metal vessels and spouts with refractories
US4049759A (en) * 1974-03-23 1977-09-20 Dorentruper Sand- Und Thonwerke Gmbh Method and arrangement for use in lining articles, particularly melting ovens
US4094938A (en) * 1974-03-08 1978-06-13 Serafim Vasilievich Kolpakov Method and apparatus for lining ladles
US4214856A (en) * 1978-04-07 1980-07-29 Bogdanov Alexandr A Apparatus for lining ladles
US4589633A (en) * 1984-01-26 1986-05-20 Jacques Gilson Process and installation for moulding a refractory lining of a container for liquid metal
US4602771A (en) * 1984-11-09 1986-07-29 Narco Investors, Inc. Apparatus for casting refractory compositions
US5958312A (en) * 1994-02-03 1999-09-28 Dolomitwerke Gmbh Process for the partial reconstruction of the refractory lining of the wall of steel casting ladles
US5993703A (en) * 1994-02-03 1999-11-30 Dolomitwerke Gmbh Process for producing steel casting ladle monolithic refractory lining
FR2787871A1 (fr) * 1998-12-24 2000-06-30 Fours & Refractaires Sas Machine pour la garnissage refractaire automatique de fours
US6153130A (en) * 1998-04-23 2000-11-28 Gradmatic Equipment Inc. Method of installing a form in a foundry furnace
US6780351B2 (en) * 2001-04-30 2004-08-24 Emil J. Wirth, Jr. Vessel inspection and repair system
US20050263945A1 (en) * 2002-05-24 2005-12-01 Speciality Minerals (Michigan) Inc. Method for repairing a protective lining of an industrial reaction or transport vessel

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2533492B1 (fr) * 1982-09-29 1986-06-13 Gilson Jacques Procede et installation de moulage d'un revetement refractaire de conteneur pour metal liquide

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3492383A (en) * 1967-05-12 1970-01-27 Sulzer Ag Process of manufacturing a crack resistant multi-layer furnace lining
US3579755A (en) * 1967-10-04 1971-05-25 Gerhard Blankenhorn Slinger apparatus for lining the interior of a vessel
US3672649A (en) * 1970-09-11 1972-06-27 J E Allen & Associates Inc Shaft or stack furnace and method and apparatus for lining same

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3492383A (en) * 1967-05-12 1970-01-27 Sulzer Ag Process of manufacturing a crack resistant multi-layer furnace lining
US3579755A (en) * 1967-10-04 1971-05-25 Gerhard Blankenhorn Slinger apparatus for lining the interior of a vessel
US3672649A (en) * 1970-09-11 1972-06-27 J E Allen & Associates Inc Shaft or stack furnace and method and apparatus for lining same

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3963815A (en) * 1971-07-10 1976-06-15 Nippon Steel Corporation Method of lining molten metal vessels and spouts with refractories
US3837630A (en) * 1972-03-20 1974-09-24 Rheinstahl Ag Method of lining metallurgical furnaces and a lining material
US4094938A (en) * 1974-03-08 1978-06-13 Serafim Vasilievich Kolpakov Method and apparatus for lining ladles
US4049759A (en) * 1974-03-23 1977-09-20 Dorentruper Sand- Und Thonwerke Gmbh Method and arrangement for use in lining articles, particularly melting ovens
US4214856A (en) * 1978-04-07 1980-07-29 Bogdanov Alexandr A Apparatus for lining ladles
US4589633A (en) * 1984-01-26 1986-05-20 Jacques Gilson Process and installation for moulding a refractory lining of a container for liquid metal
US4602771A (en) * 1984-11-09 1986-07-29 Narco Investors, Inc. Apparatus for casting refractory compositions
US5958312A (en) * 1994-02-03 1999-09-28 Dolomitwerke Gmbh Process for the partial reconstruction of the refractory lining of the wall of steel casting ladles
US5993703A (en) * 1994-02-03 1999-11-30 Dolomitwerke Gmbh Process for producing steel casting ladle monolithic refractory lining
US6153130A (en) * 1998-04-23 2000-11-28 Gradmatic Equipment Inc. Method of installing a form in a foundry furnace
FR2787871A1 (fr) * 1998-12-24 2000-06-30 Fours & Refractaires Sas Machine pour la garnissage refractaire automatique de fours
US6780351B2 (en) * 2001-04-30 2004-08-24 Emil J. Wirth, Jr. Vessel inspection and repair system
US20050263945A1 (en) * 2002-05-24 2005-12-01 Speciality Minerals (Michigan) Inc. Method for repairing a protective lining of an industrial reaction or transport vessel
US8083982B2 (en) * 2002-05-24 2011-12-27 Specialty Minerals (Michigan) Inc. Method for repairing a protective lining of an industrial reaction or transport vessel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2129177B2 (de) 1979-04-26
FR2095224A3 (cs) 1972-02-11
GB1329484A (en) 1973-09-12
NL7008651A (cs) 1970-08-25
DE2129177C3 (de) 1980-01-03
DE2129177A1 (de) 1971-12-16
FR2095224B3 (cs) 1974-03-29
BE768407A (nl) 1971-12-13

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