US3713323A - Die for cold drawing - Google Patents

Die for cold drawing Download PDF

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Publication number
US3713323A
US3713323A US00082748A US3713323DA US3713323A US 3713323 A US3713323 A US 3713323A US 00082748 A US00082748 A US 00082748A US 3713323D A US3713323D A US 3713323DA US 3713323 A US3713323 A US 3713323A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
die
passage
grooves
wire
inlet
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00082748A
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English (en)
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I Ivanier
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Priority claimed from GB51544/68A external-priority patent/GB1262466A/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
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Publication of US3713323A publication Critical patent/US3713323A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B33/00—Features common to bolt and nut
    • F16B33/02—Shape of thread; Special thread-forms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C3/00—Profiling tools for metal drawing; Combinations of dies and mandrels
    • B21C3/02—Dies; Selection of material therefor; Cleaning thereof
    • B21C3/04—Dies; Selection of material therefor; Cleaning thereof with non-adjustable section

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the production of cold drawn screw type wire, and nails or screws made therefrom.
  • this invention relates to a novel die used in carrying out the process of the present invention to produce these products; and in a still further aspect, to'a device for forming the novel die.
  • the passage has a general cross-sectional shape which is non-circular over at least a substantial portion of its working length and is helically twisted about its longitudinalaxis throughout said portion of non-circular cross-sectional shape, so that a wire drawn by the die has crests and valleys in which the grain flow lines run longitudinally across the valleys in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the wire.
  • the resulting article has desirable characteristics imparted by the cold drawing operation and other advantages as elaborated in the Kelday et a]. patent.
  • the surface of the drawn article that is the wire or nails made from it, is essentially provided with helical flat or concave flutes intervened by lands.
  • Wire according to the present invention is also cold drawn through a rotatable die.
  • the die of the invention has special characteristics differing from those of the prior art die as will be explained and understood in terms of the wire produced.
  • the wire, as drawn has a core of overall circular cross-section and integrally standing out from it, in equally spaced apart relationship, at least three helically extending ribs. Adjacent ribs are intervened by convex surfaces of the core, which on a trans-axial cross-section through the wire,
  • each rib tapers from a relatively blunt root to a tip which may be sharp or slightly rounded, for example having a radius of not more than about five thousandths of an inch.
  • the root of each rib is not less than one third and not greater than equal to the length of the arcuate surface of the core between adjacent ribs.
  • the height of each rib is at least as great and not more than twice the width of its root.
  • the wire may be drawn through a die of special construction which is an aspect of the invention.
  • the die is made using a reamer which is also an aspect of the invention.
  • the reamer has essentially the configuration of the wire described above, except that it is tapered for the purpose of conforming to the tapered opening in the die when the latter is being fashioned.
  • the tips of its ribs are preferably sharp.
  • the reamed die has an opening, tapering to a narrower dimension from the entrance to the exit end and helical grooves complementary to the ribs of the reamer and arcuate surfaces intervening the grooves.
  • the wire may be drawn by the use of the die, in accordance with another aspect of the invention, as follows.
  • the die is held in a manner well known, permitting it to rotate freely as the wire is drawn through the helically grooved working opening. In the drawing process, the wire immediately comes into contact with the grooved working surface and stays in contact with it until leaving the die.
  • wire emerging from the grooved die has an outside diameter markedly greater than the outside diameter of the wire as it enters the die.
  • the working surface of the die of the invention is longer than usual for a die for making fluted wire as in the aforesaid Kelday et al. patent.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a reamer used to make a die for drawing wire according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-section on the line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an end view illustrating a manner of forming the reamer, showing forming tools in contact with a partly formed reamer;
  • FIG. 4 is an entrance end view of a die according t the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a longitudinal cross-section through the die of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a side elevation of helically ribbed wire as cold drawn according to the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-section through a four ribbed wire according to the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a pair of views (side elevation and head plan view, respectively) showing a screw type nail
  • FIG. 9 is a pair of views similar to those vof FIG. 8 showing a screw with a slotted head
  • FIG. 10 is a pair of views similar to those of FIGS. 8 and 9 showing a screw having a recessed head.
  • a reamer of a special form is made from tool steel.
  • One form is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the forming tool shown has six ribs, but it should be understoodthat the number of ribs can be anywhere from three or more and can go up to 15 or more, depending on the size of the wire and the gauge of the wire to be cold drawn, as will be explained more fully later.
  • a preferred range is from three to nine ribs.
  • the reamer indicated generally as A is provided with a shank l5 and a work ing part 17.
  • the part 17 has a core of overall circular cross-section and tapers from the junction with the shank 15 to its free end (the arcuate surfaces 19) with integral protruding ribs 22.
  • the ribs 22 and the intervening arcuate (on a section normal to the axis of the body) parts 19 extend helically the length of the working part 17.
  • the reamer A is formed from a piece of cylindrical tool steel stock.
  • a fraser B is shown in contact with the tip ofa partly finished tool and at the right-hand side of the drawing, a forming tool B is shown in contact with the wider end of the partially finished tool.
  • FIG. 3 is actually an end view of the forming tool looking from the tapered end.
  • the forming tool runs up and down the stock and at the same time the stock turns about its axis so that the forming tool describes a helical path along the stock and gradually shaves the stock cutting it away along predetermined strips and leaving the ribs 22 intervened by the arcuate surfaces 19. For every diameter of wire and/or number of ribs a different sized forming tool will have to be used to appropriately fashion the reamer.
  • the reamer is used to form the die by pushing the reamer in and out of the die opening of starting circular cross-section tapering from entrance to exit, using a special machine, as is understood by die makers.
  • the die is shown as C and it has an overall tapering passage 31. In accordance with the invention, there are reamed out grooves 33 intervening ungrooved arcuate surfaces 35.
  • the die is made of a suitable hard or hardened material such as hardened tool steel or other material from which wire drawing dies are made.
  • the difference in the use of the die C, from the use of dies as known, is that the wire that enters the die is not of a greater diameter than the wire that leaves the die, but, on the contrary, the wire entering the die has a smaller diameter and comes out having a larger outside diameter (measured to the tips of the ribs 22).
  • the die C is mounted for free rotation in a unit in which it is held in ball bearings to allow for its free rotation by the drawing action. ln the drawing operation, the usual lubricants for cold drawing of metal wires may be employed.
  • the wire is preferably first reduced from a larger diameter to a desired smaller diameter by passing it through a preliminary drawing operation in a normal die having a circular cross-section, and, then immediately passing it through a die grooved according to the invention.
  • the wire entering the grooved die has an outside diameter less than the overall diameter (tip to tip of ribs) of the ribbed wire leaving the grooved die.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 A typical wire resulting from the drawing operation according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • the wire has a core D of circular cross-section and upstanding integral ribs 41 which run helically along the core D, intervened by arcuate surfaces 45 extending helically along and about the core D.
  • the wire can have three or more ribs with three to nine preferred.
  • FIGS. 8 to 10 Typical nails and screws are shown in FIGS. 8 to 10. In the case of either the nail or the screw, it can be driven without a screwdriver, simply by hammering. However,
  • a screwdriver in its removal a screwdriver maybe usedas for a screw or it can be forced out like a nail.
  • the taper of the reamer and of the working opening in the die may be from 1 to l2 from the die axis depending on the diameter of wire to be drawn.
  • the groove and intervening ungrooved surfaces preferably extend the entire working grooves of the opening in the tool steel insert of the die, so that the'wire entering the die immediately comes into contact with the grooved portion of the die and the wire leaving the die leaves from a grooved portion of the die.
  • Metals which may be cold drawn according to the invention are any type of metal or alloy normally used for cold drawing, for example steel, aluminum and its alloys, bronze, phosphor bronze, copper or brass. Steel is the most common.
  • the direction of the spiral ribs on the nails or the screws can be either righthand or lefthand.
  • One advantage of the invention is that screws can be made which can be substituted for those normally made by roll-threading.
  • the nails of the invention have higher strength, for the same diameter, than nails of the fluted type. This means that a larger quantity of the product is available from the same weight of metal.
  • the holding power of the product of the invention is markedly greater than the holding power of a fluted product of the same gauge.
  • the gauge of the wire which can be drawn is unlimited.
  • the preferred gauges are from 14 gauge up to wires of a diameter of one inch and more.
  • the preferred number of ribs may vary from three to nine, the maximum number of ribs being limited by the diameter of the wire.
  • the width of the rib at the root can be anywhere from one to one third the length of the are between the roots of respective ribs. As for pitch, this can range from four to .17 turns per inch.
  • Table 1 gives a representative range of gauges, namely preferred ranges of external diameters, internal diameters, height of. ribs, number of ribs, ranges of pitch, and desirable relationships between these quantitative factors.
  • the linear dimensions are expressed in inches. Taking for example a 5 gauge wire, the external diameter (meaning tip to tip) would be 0.212 inches.
  • the preferred ranges would be: number of ribs 3 to 6; a core diameter of from about 0.106 to about 0.140 inches; height of ribs from about 0.35 to 0.053, and pitch from about-.83 to about .4 turns per inch.
  • the height of each rib is measured from its tip or crest to the intersection of a line from the tip or crest perpendicular to the core axis with a line representing an extension of the arcuate surface of the core.
  • each said groove is substantially triangular in shape and has a root, and wherein the root dimension of said cross-sectional shape at said inlet is about equal to the root dimension of said cross-sectional shape at said outlet.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Milling, Broaching, Filing, Reaming, And Others (AREA)
  • Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
US00082748A 1968-10-30 1970-10-21 Die for cold drawing Expired - Lifetime US3713323A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB51544/68A GB1262466A (en) 1968-10-30 1968-10-30 Wire products; apparatus and process for the production thereof
CA46097 1969-03-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3713323A true US3713323A (en) 1973-01-30

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ID=25666026

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US00082748A Expired - Lifetime US3713323A (en) 1968-10-30 1970-10-21 Die for cold drawing

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3713323A (xx)
BE (1) BE733727A (xx)
DE (1) DE1954779A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR2021858A1 (xx)
IL (1) IL32159A (xx)
NL (1) NL6908560A (xx)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4377083A (en) * 1979-09-18 1983-03-22 Shepherd Dale H Tube corrugating apparatus and method
US4622842A (en) * 1984-12-13 1986-11-18 Ford Motor Company Die for extruding toothed helical members
US5052210A (en) * 1990-07-09 1991-10-01 Ford Motor Company Forging die design and method for making a forging die
US5181560A (en) * 1990-10-17 1993-01-26 Burn Mark N Baffleless tube and shell heat exchanger having fluted tubes
US20040086414A1 (en) * 2000-12-11 2004-05-06 Advanced Materials Technology Pte. Ltd. Method to form multi-material components
US20040187539A1 (en) * 2003-03-31 2004-09-30 Makoto Ishizuka Method and apparatus for forming microchannels in a filament wire
US7617847B1 (en) 2006-12-01 2009-11-17 Clerkin Thomas M Apparatus and method for forming wire
CN101259489B (zh) * 2007-03-09 2012-05-23 周锡轩 不锈钢手表旋钮手柄花枝拉拔的方法及模具组件
US20140150516A1 (en) * 2009-01-14 2014-06-05 The Gates Corporation Fluid conduit cover installation devices, systems and methods
CN105921547A (zh) * 2016-05-04 2016-09-07 浙江久鼎机械有限公司 一种异型管的生产工艺
EP3305391A1 (en) 2016-10-04 2018-04-11 Metal Textiles Inc. Vehicle air bag filter with grooved wire

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2484847A1 (fr) * 1980-06-20 1981-12-24 Contat Freres Sa Ets Broche a glace perfectionnee pour l'alpinisme et son procede d'obtention
HU204312B (en) * 1985-11-26 1991-12-30 December 4 Drotmuevek Stretching staple for stressed concrete structures

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2928528A (en) * 1954-06-02 1960-03-15 Canada Steel Co Wire-drawing die

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2928528A (en) * 1954-06-02 1960-03-15 Canada Steel Co Wire-drawing die

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4377083A (en) * 1979-09-18 1983-03-22 Shepherd Dale H Tube corrugating apparatus and method
US4622842A (en) * 1984-12-13 1986-11-18 Ford Motor Company Die for extruding toothed helical members
US5052210A (en) * 1990-07-09 1991-10-01 Ford Motor Company Forging die design and method for making a forging die
US5181560A (en) * 1990-10-17 1993-01-26 Burn Mark N Baffleless tube and shell heat exchanger having fluted tubes
US20040086414A1 (en) * 2000-12-11 2004-05-06 Advanced Materials Technology Pte. Ltd. Method to form multi-material components
US20040187539A1 (en) * 2003-03-31 2004-09-30 Makoto Ishizuka Method and apparatus for forming microchannels in a filament wire
US6871523B2 (en) * 2003-03-31 2005-03-29 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for forming microchannels in a filament wire
US20110061894A1 (en) * 2006-12-01 2011-03-17 Clerkin Thomas M Apparatus and method for forming wire
US7617847B1 (en) 2006-12-01 2009-11-17 Clerkin Thomas M Apparatus and method for forming wire
US8826945B1 (en) 2006-12-01 2014-09-09 Thomas M. Clerkin Apparatus and method for forming wire
CN101259489B (zh) * 2007-03-09 2012-05-23 周锡轩 不锈钢手表旋钮手柄花枝拉拔的方法及模具组件
US20140150516A1 (en) * 2009-01-14 2014-06-05 The Gates Corporation Fluid conduit cover installation devices, systems and methods
US10434560B2 (en) * 2009-01-14 2019-10-08 Gates Corporation Fluid conduit cover installation devices, systems and methods
CN105921547A (zh) * 2016-05-04 2016-09-07 浙江久鼎机械有限公司 一种异型管的生产工艺
EP3305391A1 (en) 2016-10-04 2018-04-11 Metal Textiles Inc. Vehicle air bag filter with grooved wire
US10350528B2 (en) 2016-10-04 2019-07-16 Metal Textiles Corporation Vehicle air bag filter with grooved wire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE733727A (xx) 1969-11-28
IL32159A (en) 1973-06-29
FR2021858A1 (xx) 1970-07-24
NL6908560A (xx) 1970-05-04
DE1954779A1 (de) 1970-05-06
IL32159A0 (en) 1969-07-30

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