US3710825A - Reversing pneumatic amplifier - Google Patents

Reversing pneumatic amplifier Download PDF

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Publication number
US3710825A
US3710825A US00171569A US3710825DA US3710825A US 3710825 A US3710825 A US 3710825A US 00171569 A US00171569 A US 00171569A US 3710825D A US3710825D A US 3710825DA US 3710825 A US3710825 A US 3710825A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
valve ball
sleeve
amplifier
slot
input means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00171569A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Otteni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3710825A publication Critical patent/US3710825A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B5/00—Transducers converting variations of physical quantities, e.g. expressed by variations in positions of members, into fluid-pressure variations or vice versa; Varying fluid pressure as a function of variations of a plurality of fluid pressures or variations of other quantities
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15C—FLUID-CIRCUIT ELEMENTS PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR COMPUTING OR CONTROL PURPOSES
    • F15C3/00—Circuit elements having moving parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15C—FLUID-CIRCUIT ELEMENTS PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR COMPUTING OR CONTROL PURPOSES
    • F15C3/00—Circuit elements having moving parts
    • F15C3/06—Circuit elements having moving parts using balls or pill-shaped disks
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/86493—Multi-way valve unit
    • Y10T137/86574—Supply and exhaust
    • Y10T137/86622—Motor-operated
    • Y10T137/8663—Fluid motor

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT There is disclosed a reversing pneumatic amplifier including a valve ball movable in a sleeve for opening or closing a control slot provided circumferentially in the sleeve in a radial plane thereof.
  • the valve ball is displaced in one or the other direction when a pilot pressure, indirectly exerting a force to the ball through a bellows and a push rod, exceeds or drops below a predetermined value. Said force is opposed by a supply pressure directly affecting the valve ball.
  • the output pressure of the amplifier is either increased or decreased.
  • This invention relates to a reversing pneumatic amplifier in which a movable control member, guided in a sleeve, opens or closes control openings.
  • a movable control member guided in a sleeve, opens or closes control openings.
  • One side of the movable control member is exposed indirectly to a pilot pressure, while its other side is affected directly by a supply pressure.
  • Amplifiers of the aforenoted type find application particularly in pneumatic controllers wherein a force balance controls a nozzle and flapper system which in turn delivers the pilot pressure for the amplifier.
  • the control openings are closed for a predetermined pressure value of the input pressure.
  • the output pressure chamber is connected with a discharge opening and if the input pressure decreases, communication is established between an auxiliary energy source and the output pressure chamber.
  • Known amplifiers of the aforenoted type have a plurality of interconnected pistons as movable control members, the edges of which effect the control of the auxiliary energy source as they slide over or uncover the control openings in their cylinder.
  • Such movable piston valves are expensive and are difficult to manufacture and further, there is significant wear because of the substantial area of contact between the pistons and the cylinder.
  • balls are used as the movable control members. Such balls are easy to manufacture and, unlike the pistons, do not have a tendency to jam. These balls, however, cooperate with control edges rather than with control openings. Consequently, the manufacture of the guide cylinder which has to be provided with steps or extensions forming the control edges is quite complex.
  • a membrane or a spring bellows which affects the movable control member directly or through a linkage mechanism. Since the supply pressure is usually by one order of magnitude larger than the pilot pressure, the movable control body may be held in a predetermined position by the opposing pressures of the surface ratios between the control body on the one hand and the membrane or the bellows on the other hand are properly chosen.
  • the movable control member is constituted by a sole ball which is disposed in a cylindrical sleeve provided, in a radial plane, with at least one slot forming a control opening.
  • the ball is controlled by means of a membrane or bellows and an actuator rod in such a manner that the output pressure chamber communicates with the ambient atmosphere in case of increasing pilot pressure, while it communicates with the supply pressure source in case of decreasing pilot pressure.
  • a ball 1 constituting a movable control member is positioned and guided in a bilaterally open-ended sleeve generally indicated at 2.
  • the latter has, in a radial plane, a circumferential slot 3 constituting a control opening.
  • the sleeve 2 is force fitted into a central opening of a base block 4.
  • One end of the sleeve 2 communicates with an auxiliary energy source (not shown) delivering a supply pressure P while the other end of the sleeve 2 is connected with the ambient atmosphere through a channel 5.
  • an auxiliary energy source not shown
  • a cap 6 which defines a chamber 7.
  • a bellows 8 which separates the chamber 7 from the bellows chamber 9 which, in turn, communicates with the sleeve 2 and with the discharge channel 5.
  • the bellows 8 has a base plate 10 to which there is centrally secured an axially displaceable push rod 11 by means of an externally threaded screw portion 110.
  • the push rod 11 is in contact with the ball 1 and transmits thereto the force of the pilot pressure P which prevails in chamber 7 and which is admitted thereto through an inlet bore 12 provided in the base block 4.
  • the ratio between the cross-sectional face of the ball 1 and the effective face of the bellows 8 is selected in such a manner that for a predetermined value of the pilot pressure P (corresponding to the zero value of the characteristic amplifier curve) and for a predetermined value of the supply pressure P the ball 1 is so positioned in the sleeve 2 that the equator of the ball is situated in the middle of the slot 3, so that the latter is obturated by the ball 1.
  • a fine axial adjustment of the push rod 11 may be effected by turning the screw 11a.
  • This pneumatic amplifier is advantageously used in compensating regulator systems; it becomes effective only when the pilot pressure P deviates from the predetermined value (zero point on the amplification curve).
  • the drawing shows the ball 1 in its stable position; thus, the amplifier is in the zero point on its characteristic curve. Apart from a very small idling consumption caused by leakage losses, no energy conversion takes place.
  • the pilot pressure P exceeds the predetermined value, then the ball 1 is displaced downwardly by the push rod 11 and, as a result, the slot 3 is partially or entirely exposed. Since the slot 3 provided in the control sleeve 2 communicates through an annular chamber 13 with the output opening 14 of the amplifier, the output pressure P will drop since the annular chamber 13 will now communicate through the slot 2 with the discharge channel 5.
  • the sleeve 2 is preferably formed of two similar cylindrical parts 21 and 22 force fitted in a fluid-tight manner in the base block 4 and arranged slightly spaced and in axial alignment with respect to one another.
  • the width of the circumferential slot 3 is thus determined by the spacing between the two parts 21, 22 and the slot itself is defined by adjoining radial edge faces of these two parts which, in their arrangement, are mirror images of one another. In this manner it is possible to obtain a very narrow slot which has significant advantages in enhancing a compact structure and a minimum consumption of energy in the stable position of the ball 1.
  • the uninterrupted circumferential configuration of the slot 3 permits a relatively large flow rate and thus results in a large amplifier output.
  • the diameter of the ball 1 should preferably be 20 30 times larger than the width of the slot 3.
  • the slot width may be 0.25 millimeter and the ball diameter 5.5 millimeter. in case of a maximum amplifier output of approximately 50 lit./min., the idling consumption will be about 5 lit./min.
  • the external dimensions of this amplifier which, as it may be observed from the drawing, comprises very few parts and is of very simple structure, are comparatively very small and may be, for example, 24 X 24 X 20 millimeters.
  • the cap 6 is arranged at such a distance from the base plate 10 of the bellows 8 that the base plate 10, in case of an overload, will come into a face-to-face engagement with the inner face of the cap 6.
  • switching errors are substantially eliminated, since the ball 1, which in its zero position blocks the control slot 3, is, when displaced, entirely surrounded and carried by a leakage air flow, so that a friction (i.e., the source of said switching error) between the ball 3 and the inner wall of the sleeve 2 can generally not occur.
  • a reversing pneumatic amplifier comprising: A. a first input means through which a pilot pressure is introduced into said amplifier, B. a second input means through which a supply pressure is introduced into said amplifier, C. discharge channel means in communication with the ambient atmosphere, D. an output opening,
  • a valve ball movably disposed in said sleeve and adapted to assume first, second and third positions, in said first position said valve ball closes said slot, in said second position communication is established between said second input means and said output opening, in said third position communication is established between said discharge channel means and said output opening, and
  • H. means in engagement with said valve ball and in communication with said first input means for transmitting said pilot pressure indirectly to said valve ball, said pilot pressure being opposed by said supply pressure directly affecting said valve ball through said second input means.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
US00171569A 1970-08-13 1971-08-13 Reversing pneumatic amplifier Expired - Lifetime US3710825A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2040257A DE2040257C3 (de) 1970-08-13 1970-08-13 Reversierender pneumatischer Verstaerker

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3710825A true US3710825A (en) 1973-01-16

Family

ID=5779643

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00171569A Expired - Lifetime US3710825A (en) 1970-08-13 1971-08-13 Reversing pneumatic amplifier

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3710825A (enExample)
DE (1) DE2040257C3 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2102240B1 (enExample)
GB (1) GB1345079A (enExample)
NL (1) NL7109207A (enExample)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2576063B1 (fr) * 1985-01-16 1989-03-17 Eckardt Ag Convertisseur force/pression
US4962791A (en) * 1987-09-25 1990-10-16 Mannesmann Rexroth Gmbh Seat valve

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1912447A (en) * 1930-12-15 1933-06-06 Drift O Cock Corp Cylinder cock
US3291153A (en) * 1962-12-11 1966-12-13 Electro Chimie Metal Fluid-actuated oscillators
US3326239A (en) * 1962-12-21 1967-06-20 Saint-Joanis Andre Fluid distributor devices
US3506035A (en) * 1966-12-16 1970-04-14 Setaram Soc D Etudes D Automat Distributor device for fluids

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1912447A (en) * 1930-12-15 1933-06-06 Drift O Cock Corp Cylinder cock
US3291153A (en) * 1962-12-11 1966-12-13 Electro Chimie Metal Fluid-actuated oscillators
US3326239A (en) * 1962-12-21 1967-06-20 Saint-Joanis Andre Fluid distributor devices
US3506035A (en) * 1966-12-16 1970-04-14 Setaram Soc D Etudes D Automat Distributor device for fluids

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7109207A (enExample) 1972-02-15
GB1345079A (en) 1974-01-30
DE2040257B2 (de) 1973-11-22
FR2102240A1 (enExample) 1972-04-07
FR2102240B1 (enExample) 1974-04-26
DE2040257C3 (de) 1974-06-20
DE2040257A1 (de) 1972-04-20

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