US3710290A - Polarized electromagnetic relay - Google Patents

Polarized electromagnetic relay Download PDF

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Publication number
US3710290A
US3710290A US00195435A US3710290DA US3710290A US 3710290 A US3710290 A US 3710290A US 00195435 A US00195435 A US 00195435A US 3710290D A US3710290D A US 3710290DA US 3710290 A US3710290 A US 3710290A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
armature
shaped
yoke
legs
relay
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00195435A
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English (en)
Inventor
E Kuipers
P Gunnewig
H Menz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Training Center GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Hartmann and Braun AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19702054051 external-priority patent/DE2054051C/de
Priority claimed from DE19707040697 external-priority patent/DE7040697U/de
Priority claimed from DE19717105342 external-priority patent/DE7105342U/de
Application filed by Hartmann and Braun AG filed Critical Hartmann and Braun AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3710290A publication Critical patent/US3710290A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2236—Polarised relays comprising pivotable armature, pivoting at extremity or bending point of armature

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A polarized electromagnetic relay of the conductor plate type in which a single permanent magnet is disposed between body portions of an E-shaped core yoke and a U-shaped yoke.
  • a U-shaped armature is resiliently supported coaxially of its legs from the body portion of the E-shaped core yoke for swinging movement between the yokes.
  • the center leg of the E- shaped core yoke is longer than the outer legs and in response to a reversal of direction of flux in the armature, the armature moves between first and second stable positions in which it bears against the legs of the U-shaped yoke and the free end of the center, and the free ends of the outer legs, respectively, of the E- shaped core yoke.
  • the present invention relates to a polarized electromagnetic relay and particularly to a polarized conductor plate relay.
  • a polarized conductor plate relay which is part of the state of the art generally comprises an E-shaped core yoke, a U-shaped armature, a coil, a set of contact springs disposed below the magnetic circuit and two permanent magnets which are identified as the main magnet and the auxiliary magnet.
  • the main magnet which is block-shaped, is glued to the end of the center leg of the E-shaped core yoke and is magnetized in a direction perpendicular to the yoke plane.
  • the auxiliary magnet is connected with the coil body above the armature in such a manner that it holds the armature in the flipped-up position.
  • the two magnets a re thus positioned to lie above and below the U- shaped armature.
  • the magnetic flux emanating from the coil is conducted over the main magnet. Consequently, the main magnet represents an increased magnetic resistance for this flux in the magnetic circuit.
  • Another drawback of this type of construction is that at least the main magnet must be fastened by some sort of gluing process.
  • the size of the two magnets is rather limited so that no strong holding forces can be produced.
  • a still further object of the invention is to accommodate the permanent magnet at a point in the magnetic circuit where there is a relatively large amount of space so that the outer dimensions of the relay as a whole do not have to be increased.
  • One embodiment of the present invention involves the use of a block-shaped permanent magnet which is disposed between the transverse bar of the E-shaped core yoke and a U-shaped yoke.
  • the outer legs of the -E-shaped core yoke are shorter than the center leg and the edges at the ends of these outer legs serve as knifeedge bearing points for a U-shaped annature resiliently held between the E-shaped core yoke and the U-shaped yoke.
  • the U-shaped armature In a first stable position, the U-shaped armature is held between the U-shaped yoke and the center leg of the E-shaped core yoke and in a second stable position, with a reversal of the direction of flux in the armature, between the U-shaped yoke and the outer legs of the E-shape'd core yoke.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention involves the use of resilient means which are fastened to the transverse bar of the E-shaped core yoke and to the underside of the armature at the level of its imaginary axis of rotation.
  • armature and core yokes are planar in the area of their contact surfaces and the resilient means provide a positive air gap in the area of these contact surfaces.
  • the resilient means are very long and narrow springs which engage the armature at the imaginary axis of rotation, the spring moment acting on the armature remains low so that less excitation energy for the relay is required. Since the contact surfaces between the outer legs of the E-shaped core yoke and the armature are kept planar, additional process steps relay is not increased. Thus, substantially the same parts can be used for both polarized and nonpolarized embodiments of the relay.
  • FIG. 1 is an expanded perspective view of one embodiment of the magnetic circuit of a polarized relay according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevational view showing the armature position of the relay of FIG. I in a first stable switching position.
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevational view showing the armature position of the relay in a second stable switching position.
  • FIG. 4 is an expanded view of another embodiment of the relay.
  • FIG. 5 is a side elevational view showing the magnetic circuits of the relay of FIG. 4 and the armature position is illustrated schematically when in a first stable switching position. 7
  • FIG. 6 is a side elevational view similar to FIG. 5 but shows the armature in a second stable switching position.
  • the armature 3 is U-shaped and the legs 3a and 3b of the armature are connected with springs 4 and having flanges 4' and 5', respectively.
  • a block-shaped permanent magnet 6 has a slit 6a at its lower rear edge into which the flanges 4' and 5' of springs 4 and 5 can beinserted.
  • a U-shaped yoke 7 is shown whose legs 70 and 7b are approximately the same length as the center leg 1a of the E-shaped core yoke 1.
  • core yoke 1, permanent magnet 6 and U-shaped yoke 7 each have openings therethrough which can be aligned in the manner indicated by the dash-dot lines so'that these components of the relay can be secured together by suitable means such as fastening screws, not shown.
  • these 7 components When assembled, these 7 components are positioned as seen in FIGS. 2 and 3 with permanent magnet 6 bearing on end leg 1d of core yoke 1 and with flanges 4' and 5' of springs 4 and 5 confined in slit 6a.
  • U-shaped yoke 7 rests on permanent magnet 6 with legs 7a and 7b aligned with legs 3a and 3b as well as with legs 1b and 1c.
  • a contact actuation slide In addition to the above-described components, a contact actuation slide, generally shown at 8, has upstanding lugs 8a and 8b which are designed to be guidingly received on center leg la of core yoke 1, as best seen in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the lower edge 80 of slide 8 is adapted to ride on the switching contact 9, schematically shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, forming part of a contact spring element, not shown, which can be connected to the relay by means of the above-mentioned fastening screws in a desired manner.
  • Leg 3c of armature 3 rests on the top edges of lugs 80 and 8b so that movement of the armature 3, in a manner to be described below, is translated into movement of contact actuation slide 8 and switching contact 9 in a contact set.
  • slide 8 is movable within a molded-on guide, not shown, associated with coil body 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows the magnetic circuit of a relay in the first stable position in which leg 3a of the U-shaped armature 3 rests on slanted end 1a, the centerleg 1a on the core yoke l and legs 3a and 3b bear upward on legs 7a and 7b of the U-shaped yoke 7.
  • spring 4 and spring 5 not seen, are curved upwardly.
  • the illustrated'characters N and S show that the magnet 6 is magnetized in a direction perpendicular to the planes of the yokes.
  • the path of the flux through the parts which can be formed from suitable material, such as iron, is shown with dashed lines.
  • FIG. 3 shows the second stable position of the armature 3.
  • leg 3c of armature 3 contacts the ends of the legs 7a and 7b of the U-shaped yoke 7.
  • legs 3a and 3b, with the underlying portions of springs 4 and 5, respectively, bear against knife-edge bearings 1d and 1e on legs 1b and 1c of the E-shaped core yoke 1.
  • Spring 4 and spring 5, not seen, inthis case lie flat on legs lb and 10, respectively.
  • the path of the flux in the magnetic circuit is again shown with dashed lines.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 A comparison of FIGS. 2 and 3 reveals that the direction of flux in the legs of the U-shaped armature 3 is reversed when the relay is switched by current pulses in the excitation coil 2.
  • the electromagnetic flux points so that the upper right edges of the armature can 7 flowing in theone or the other direction'is superirn- I posed on the flux produced by permanent magnet 6 in such a manner that the armature changes its stable position.
  • the individual phases of these movements are described below.
  • spring 4 is deformed relative- Iy strongly as is spring 5 which cannot be seen.
  • springs may,.of course, also have downwardly bent flanges 4' and 5' to be fastened in slits, not shown, in legs lb and 1c. 2
  • legs 1b and 10 can have the same length as leg 1a without this interfering with the principle of the invention.
  • the polarized relay constructed according to the principle of the present invention develops extraordinarily strong holding forces so that multiple contact sets with strong contact forces can be used.
  • the height of the magnet 6 and yoke 7 can be so dimensioned that yoke 7 will not extendv above the upper limit of the body of the excitation coil 2 and consequently no additional installation space is required.
  • the illustrated polarized relay differs from a nonpolarized relay only in that is has a different core yoke 1, different armature springs 4 and 5 and an additional magnet 6 and an additional yoke 7. All other parts, as for example the coil body and the contact spring body, can be used without modification as provided in known constructions.
  • the springs 4, 5 which consist of nonferromagnetic material are fastened to the undersides .of the legs 3a and 3b of armature 3 so as to intentionally provide air gaps between armature 3 and the bearing edges 1d and 1e.
  • the permanent magnet 6 could have a structural height less than the distance between the U-shaped yoke 7 and the E-shaped core yoke 1. This could be accomplished by an intermediate layer of iron sheets. The result would be a change in the distribution of flux due to the change of the air gap at the location of the permanent magnet.
  • FIG. 4 Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 4 where a contact supporting body llreceives a coil body 12.
  • the E-shaped core yoke, generally indicated at 13, is placed with its .center leg 130 through the opening in coil body 12.
  • the outer legs 13b, 13c of the core yoke 13 are shorter than leg 13a and are provided with planar contact surfaces for the U-shaped armature, generally indicated at 14.
  • Legs 14a and 14b of armature 14 are connected with armature holding springs 15, 16, which are relatively long and narrow.
  • the holding springs are widened at their right-hand end, as seen in FIG. 4, and are provided with recesses 15' and 16' which are adapted to the corresponding fastening protrusions 13 on the transverse portion 13d of the Eshaped core yoke 13.
  • Springs 15 and 16 are fastened by welding or riveting to the underside of armature 14 at the level of the imaginary armature axis of rotation A-B of the armature in the relay. With this type of fastening, the springs are portion 13d of the E-shaped core yoke l3'and the U shaped yoke 18 by means of screws 19, 20, which extend into contact support body 11.
  • the magnet is provided at its sides with semicylindrical recesses 17a and 17b which effect an automatic alignment of the magnet between screws 19, 20.
  • the magnet is magnetized in the direction of its shortest dimension.
  • plastic blocks 21 and 22 are provided which have the same thickness as magnet 17. These plastic blocks are provided with recesses, not shown, at their underside into which the fastening protrusions 13' of the E-shaped core yoke .13 engage. In their left-hand portion, as viewed in FIG. 4, the plastic blocks 21 and 22 are provided with tunnelshaped recesses, not shown, which permit free but guided movement of springs 15 and 16 within these blocks during the switching process to be explained below.
  • a plastic actuation slide 23 is displaceably mounted in a recess, not shown, of the left-hand flange 12' of coil body 12. In a manner similar to that illustrated in conjunction with the first embodiment of the invention, the slide is associated withcontact springs, not shown.
  • springs 15, 16 can be connected together by an auxiliary bar 24, which is appropriately scored for subsequent breaking off.
  • An auxiliary bar 25 connects plastic blocks 21 and 22 before their installation and is also scored. The auxiliary bars 24 and 25 are either manually broken off when the relay is completely assembled or they are cut off by a machine.
  • the center leg 13a of the E-shaped core yoke 13 has a reduced cross section at its left-hand end andis slanted at its upper side as indicated at 13a.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration, in a side view, of the magnetic circuit of the relay with the plastic blocks 21 and 22 not shown so as to provide a clearer view of the armature movement.
  • the permanent magnet 17 is disposed above the E-shaped core yoke 13, the magnet being magnetized according to the pole indications N and S. Above the magnet lies the U-shaped yoke 18.
  • the coil 12 which is disposed on the center leg 13a of the core yoke, is only indicated.
  • the U-shaped armamm 14 takes up a first stable position which corresponds to the rest position of the relay. In this rest position the contact springs are not deflected and the rest contacts are therefore closed in a manner similar to that shown in FIG. 3.
  • the permanent magnetic flux passes from the north pole of the magnet 17 over the legs of the U-shaped yoke 18, armature l4 and the center leg 13a of the E-shaped core yoke 13 to the south pole of the magnet.
  • the coil field is superimposed on that of the permanent magnet is such a way that the armature 14 is pushed away from the second stable position and returns to its first stable position.
  • the number of ampere windings of the coil 12 for the available operating air gaps so that it changes from the one stable position to the other.
  • a polarized electromagnetic relay of the conductor plate type having an E-shaped core yoke with a transverse bar connecting a center leg and a pair of outer legs, a U-shaped armature with a transverse leg connecting a pair of legs and movably mounted on the core yoke for selective contact with the ends of the core yoke, the improvement which coniprises rincom -mane nt' fhagnet has a lesser structural height than the bination:
  • transverse bar of the E-shaped core yoke b. a U shaped yoke with a transverse leg interconnecting'a pair of legs, said transverse leg of the yoke being disposed 'on top of said permanent magnet and with the pair of legs in alignment with d.
  • the center leg of the E-shaped core yoke having a s free end that extends beyond the free ends of the pair of outer legs, the free ends of the pair of outer legs providing a bearing point for the associated legs of the U-shaped armature, whereby the armature is held in a first stable position between the U- shaped yoke and the free end of the center leg of theE-shaped core yoke and then in a second stable position between the U-shaped yoke and free ends of the pair of outer legs of the E-shaped core yoke when there is a reversal of flux in the armature.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
US00195435A 1970-11-03 1971-11-03 Polarized electromagnetic relay Expired - Lifetime US3710290A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19702054051 DE2054051C (de) 1970-11-03 Polarisiertes elektromagnetisches Relais
DE19707040697 DE7040697U (de) 1970-11-03 1970-11-03 Polarisiertes elektromagnetisches Relais
DE19712106764 DE2106764C (de) 1971-02-12 Polarisiertes elektromagnetisches Relais
DE19717105342 DE7105342U (de) 1970-11-03 1971-02-12 Polarisiertes elektromagnetisches Re lais

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US3710290A true US3710290A (en) 1973-01-09

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US00195435A Expired - Lifetime US3710290A (en) 1970-11-03 1971-11-03 Polarized electromagnetic relay

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US (1) US3710290A (de)
AT (1) AT309581B (de)
CH (1) CH534424A (de)
FR (1) FR2112415B1 (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4284002A (en) * 1976-07-27 1981-08-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Suwa Seikosha Character-selecting mechanism for a printer
US4481493A (en) * 1981-10-09 1984-11-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Polarized electromagnetic relay
US20140055223A1 (en) * 2012-08-24 2014-02-27 Omron Corporation Electromagnet device, method of assembling the same, and electromagnetic relay using the same
CN110873206A (zh) * 2018-09-03 2020-03-10 喜开理株式会社 电磁阀

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4272745A (en) * 1978-06-30 1981-06-09 Omron Tateisi Electronics Co. Electromagnetic relay
DE3135171A1 (de) * 1981-09-04 1983-03-17 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Polarisiertes elektromagnetisches relais
ES2011457B3 (es) * 1985-12-13 1990-01-16 Cmc Carl Maier + Cie Ag Desconexion de iman para interruptores de proteccion de corriente de defecto
GB9727148D0 (en) * 1997-12-22 1998-02-25 Fki Plc Improvemnts in and relating to electomagnetic actuators

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3195023A (en) * 1961-04-28 1965-07-13 Siemens Ag Electromagnetic relay
US3317871A (en) * 1965-09-20 1967-05-02 Leach Corp Magnetically operated actuator
US3518592A (en) * 1967-04-27 1970-06-30 Siemens Ag Holding relay with operating characteristics which remain constant with fluctuations of temperature
US3533033A (en) * 1967-06-28 1970-10-06 Westinghouse Brake & Signal Biassed electrical relays
US3621419A (en) * 1970-02-19 1971-11-16 Leach Corp Polarized latch relay

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3195023A (en) * 1961-04-28 1965-07-13 Siemens Ag Electromagnetic relay
US3317871A (en) * 1965-09-20 1967-05-02 Leach Corp Magnetically operated actuator
US3518592A (en) * 1967-04-27 1970-06-30 Siemens Ag Holding relay with operating characteristics which remain constant with fluctuations of temperature
US3533033A (en) * 1967-06-28 1970-10-06 Westinghouse Brake & Signal Biassed electrical relays
US3621419A (en) * 1970-02-19 1971-11-16 Leach Corp Polarized latch relay

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4284002A (en) * 1976-07-27 1981-08-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Suwa Seikosha Character-selecting mechanism for a printer
US4481493A (en) * 1981-10-09 1984-11-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Polarized electromagnetic relay
US20140055223A1 (en) * 2012-08-24 2014-02-27 Omron Corporation Electromagnet device, method of assembling the same, and electromagnetic relay using the same
US9070501B2 (en) * 2012-08-24 2015-06-30 Omron Corporation Electromagnet device, method of assembling the same, and electromagnetic relay using the same
CN110873206A (zh) * 2018-09-03 2020-03-10 喜开理株式会社 电磁阀
CN110873206B (zh) * 2018-09-03 2021-11-09 喜开理株式会社 电磁阀

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2112415B1 (de) 1976-07-23
DE2054051B2 (de) 1972-05-25
DE2106764A1 (de) 1972-08-03
DE2106764B2 (de) 1972-08-03
CH534424A (de) 1973-02-28
FR2112415A1 (de) 1972-06-16
DE2054051A1 (de) 1972-05-25
AT309581B (de) 1973-08-27

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