US3710166A - Gas-filled ionization counter - Google Patents
Gas-filled ionization counter Download PDFInfo
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- US3710166A US3710166A US00002988A US3710166DA US3710166A US 3710166 A US3710166 A US 3710166A US 00002988 A US00002988 A US 00002988A US 3710166D A US3710166D A US 3710166DA US 3710166 A US3710166 A US 3710166A
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- gas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J47/00—Tubes for determining the presence, intensity, density or energy of radiation or particles
- H01J47/08—Geiger-Müller counter tubes
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A gas-filled ionization counter in which the cathode [7 3] Assignee: Moskovsky Zavod Elelrtrovakuumnykh Priborov, Moscow, U.S.S.R. d d I d l f d h an ano e are ace 1n an enve o e 1 e w1t a ase- [22] Fled: 1970 ous mixture an d form the main ga -discharge gap and 21 APPL 2,93 which has a performance check facility.
- gas-filled ionization counters having a cathode and an anode placed in a gas-filled envelope and forming a gas-discharge gap.
- the cited radiation counters do not provide a check on the stability of their characteristics in service. For a check on their performance, these counters have to be irradiated from additional reference radioactive sources using remotely controlled blanker devices.
- a particular object of the present invention is to provide a gas-filled ionization counter that provides for a check on the stability of its characteristics in service.
- a gasfilled ionization counter having a cathode and anode placed in an envelope filled with a mixture of gases and forming a gas-discharge gap
- a performance-check facility comprising electrodes placed in the gaseous mixture of the envelope and forming an auxiliary gas-discharge gap, and a radio-active source of specified activity, placed in the auxiliary gas-discharge gap so that its own radiation induces a gas discharge solely in the auxiliary gap.
- the cathode and one of the electrodes of the performance-check facility have openings positioned relative to one another so that the radiation from the gas-discharge induced in the auxiliary gap will pass through the said openings into the main gasdischarge gap and induce a gas discharge there.
- a gas-filled ionization counter comprising a cathode l and an anode 2, placed inside a vacuum-tight glass envelope 3 filled with a gaseous mixture composed of neon with additions of argon, chlorine, bromine or oxygen.
- the cathode l and the anode 2 form the main gas-discharge gap.
- the counter disclosed herein also incorporates a performancecheck facility comprising electrodes a cathode 4 and an anode 5, and also a radio-active source of specified activity.
- the cathode 4 and the anode 5 are placed in the gaseous mixture of the envelope 3 and form an auxiliary gas-discharge gap.
- a radio-active source 6 is placed in the auxiliary gasdischarge gap so that its own radiation induces a gas discharge solely in the auxiliary gap.
- the source 6 is placed opposite one of the end faces of the cathode 4.
- the source 6 is a betaparticle emitter. Use may also be made of an alpha-particle emitter.
- the openings 7 are arranged coaxially opposite the end face of the cathode 4 near which the radioactive source 6 is located.
- the cathode l and 4 electrically connected to each other, have the shape of hollow cylinders set up on ceramic insulators 8.
- the cathodes l and 4 are electrically connected also to the base 9 by means of a lead 10.
- the anodes 2 and 5, made in the form of filaments, are arranged along the axes of the cylinders anchored in the insulators 8, and have leads 11.
- the gas-discharge ionization counter herein operates as follows.
- the cathode 4 and anode 5 When the working voltages are applied to the cathode l and anode 2, the cathode 4 and anode 5, the nuclear radiation emitted by the source 6 induces a pulse gas discharge between the cathode 4 and the anode 5 in the auxiliary gap, at a frequency dependent on the frequency of the radio-active decay in the source 6, which is in turn decided by the specified activity of that source.
- the radiation of the gas discharge induced in the auxiliary gap passes into the main gap where it induces a gas discharge between the cathode 1 and the anode 2 at the same frequency as that in the auxiliary gap, which is registered by a dosimetric or radiometric instrument (not shown in the drawing).
- a check on the stability of the counters characteristics in service is effected by comparing the registered frequency of the gas-discharge pulses in the main gap with that of the radio-active decay of the source 6 in the auxiliary gap.
- the gas-filled ionization counter disclosed herein provides a check on the stability of its characteristics in service, improves the reliability of the associated dosimetric or radiometric equipment, and enhances the accuracy of measurements.
- a gas-filled ionization counter comprising; an envelope filled with a gaseous mixture; a cathode being positioned in said envelope; an anode being positioned in said envelope, said cathode and anode jointly forming a main gas-discharge gap; and a performance-check facility having a radio-active source of specified activity being positioned in said envelope; the electrodes of said performance-check facility being located in the gaseous mixture of said envelope and forming an auxiliary gas-discharge gap; the radio-active source of said performance-check facility extending into the auxiliary gap so that its own radiation induces a gas discharge solely in the auxiliary gap.
- a gas-filled ionization counter as claimed in claim 1, in which said cathode and one of said electrodes in said performance-check facility have openings positioned relative to one another so that the radiation of the gas discharge induced in the auxiliary gap passes through said openings into the main gas-discharge gap and induce a gas discharge there.
Abstract
A gas-filled ionization counter in which the cathode and anode are placed in an envelope filled with a gaseous mixture and form the main gas-discharge gap and which has a performance check facility. The said facility compris electrodes placed in the gaseous mixture of the envelope and forming an auxiliary gap, and a radio-active source of specified activity, placed in the auxiliary gap so that its own radiation induces a gas discharge solely in the auxiliary gap. All this provided a check on the stability of the counter''s characteristics in service.
Description
United States Patent 1191 Perelman et al.
Jan. 9, 1973 ....3l3/93 ......3l3/93 X Morris et al. .......................313/54 X 2,736,816 2/1956 Mor1ey...... 2,957,084 10/1960 Marr et 2,968,730 1/1961 Isaak Aronovich Prager; Alexandr Andri- Primary Examiner-Herman Karl Saalbach anovich Timofeev; Anatoly' Filip- Assistant Examiner-Saxfield Chatmon,.lr. povich Tolmachev, all of Moscow, AttorneyWaters, Roditi,Schwartz& Nissen U.S.S.R.
[57] ABSTRACT A gas-filled ionization counter in which the cathode [7 3] Assignee: Moskovsky Zavod Elelrtrovakuumnykh Priborov, Moscow, U.S.S.R. d d I d l f d h an ano e are ace 1n an enve o e 1 e w1t a ase- [22] Fled: 1970 ous mixture an d form the main ga -discharge gap and 21 APPL 2,93 which has a performance check facility. The said facility compris electrodes placed in the gaseous mixture of the envelope and forming an auxiliary gap, and [52] a radio-active source of specified activity, placed in the auxiliary gap so that its own radiation induces a 313/1 .H0lj 39/26, H01 j 17/20, HOlj 61/12 [51] Int. Cl...... gas discharge solely in the auxiliary gap. All this pro- [58] Field Of a c .----------------3 vided a check on the stability of the counters charac-- teristics in service.
2 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure [5 6] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS GAS-FILLED IONIZATION COUNTER The present invention relates to gas-filled counters, and more specifically to gas-filled ionization counters for use in stationary or portable dosimetric or radiometric equipment to register ionizing radiation in locations including those difficult of access.
There exist gas-filled ionization counters having a cathode and an anode placed in a gas-filled envelope and forming a gas-discharge gap.
The cited radiation counters do not provide a check on the stability of their characteristics in service. For a check on their performance, these counters have to be irradiated from additional reference radioactive sources using remotely controlled blanker devices.
A particular object of the present invention is to provide a gas-filled ionization counter that provides for a check on the stability of its characteristics in service.
This object is accomplished by the fact that a gasfilled ionization counter, having a cathode and anode placed in an envelope filled with a mixture of gases and forming a gas-discharge gap, is fitted, according to the invention, with a performance-check facility comprising electrodes placed in the gaseous mixture of the envelope and forming an auxiliary gas-discharge gap, and a radio-active source of specified activity, placed in the auxiliary gas-discharge gap so that its own radiation induces a gas discharge solely in the auxiliary gap.
It is preferable that the cathode and one of the electrodes of the performance-check facility have openings positioned relative to one another so that the radiation from the gas-discharge induced in the auxiliary gap will pass through the said openings into the main gasdischarge gap and induce a gas discharge there.
Owing to this arrangement, there is a marked improvement in the accuracy of measurements and also in the reliability of the associated dosimetric or radiometric equipment.
The invention will be best understood from the following description of a preferred embodiment when read in connection with the accompanying drawing which shows a longitudinal cross-section through the gas-filled ionization counter disclosed herein.
Referring to the drawing, there is a gas-filled ionization counter comprising a cathode l and an anode 2, placed inside a vacuum-tight glass envelope 3 filled with a gaseous mixture composed of neon with additions of argon, chlorine, bromine or oxygen. The cathode l and the anode 2 form the main gas-discharge gap.
The counter disclosed herein also incorporates a performancecheck facility comprising electrodes a cathode 4 and an anode 5, and also a radio-active source of specified activity. The cathode 4 and the anode 5 are placed in the gaseous mixture of the envelope 3 and form an auxiliary gas-discharge gap. A radio-active source 6 is placed in the auxiliary gasdischarge gap so that its own radiation induces a gas discharge solely in the auxiliary gap. In the counter disclosed herein, the source 6 is placed opposite one of the end faces of the cathode 4. The source 6 is a betaparticle emitter. Use may also be made of an alpha-particle emitter.
The cathode l and one of the electrodes in the per- I that the radiation from the gas discharge induced in the auxiliary g'ap passes through the said openings 7 into the main gas-discharge gap, inducing a gas discharge there. The openings 7 are arranged coaxially opposite the end face of the cathode 4 near which the radioactive source 6 is located.
The cathode l and 4, electrically connected to each other, have the shape of hollow cylinders set up on ceramic insulators 8. The cathodes l and 4 are electrically connected also to the base 9 by means of a lead 10. The anodes 2 and 5, made in the form of filaments, are arranged along the axes of the cylinders anchored in the insulators 8, and have leads 11.
The gas-discharge ionization counter herein operates as follows.
When the working voltages are applied to the cathode l and anode 2, the cathode 4 and anode 5, the nuclear radiation emitted by the source 6 induces a pulse gas discharge between the cathode 4 and the anode 5 in the auxiliary gap, at a frequency dependent on the frequency of the radio-active decay in the source 6, which is in turn decided by the specified activity of that source.
Through the openings 7, the radiation of the gas discharge induced in the auxiliary gap passes into the main gap where it induces a gas discharge between the cathode 1 and the anode 2 at the same frequency as that in the auxiliary gap, which is registered by a dosimetric or radiometric instrument (not shown in the drawing).
A check on the stability of the counters characteristics in service is effected by comparing the registered frequency of the gas-discharge pulses in the main gap with that of the radio-active decay of the source 6 in the auxiliary gap.
The gas-filled ionization counter disclosed herein provides a check on the stability of its characteristics in service, improves the reliability of the associated dosimetric or radiometric equipment, and enhances the accuracy of measurements.
What is claimed is:
l. A gas-filled ionization counter, comprising; an envelope filled with a gaseous mixture; a cathode being positioned in said envelope; an anode being positioned in said envelope, said cathode and anode jointly forming a main gas-discharge gap; and a performance-check facility having a radio-active source of specified activity being positioned in said envelope; the electrodes of said performance-check facility being located in the gaseous mixture of said envelope and forming an auxiliary gas-discharge gap; the radio-active source of said performance-check facility extending into the auxiliary gap so that its own radiation induces a gas discharge solely in the auxiliary gap.
2. A gas-filled ionization counter, as claimed in claim 1, in which said cathode and one of said electrodes in said performance-check facility have openings positioned relative to one another so that the radiation of the gas discharge induced in the auxiliary gap passes through said openings into the main gas-discharge gap and induce a gas discharge there.
disclosed
Claims (2)
1. A gas-filled ionization counter, comprising; an envelope filled with a gaseous mixture; a cathode being positioned in said envelope; an anode being positioned in said envelope, said cathode and anode jointly forming a main gas-discharge gap; and a performance-check facility having a radio-active source of specified activity being positioned in said envelope; the electrodes of said performance-check facility being located in the gaseous mixture of said envelope and forming an auxiliary gas-discharge gap; the radio-active source of said performancecheck facility extending into the auxiliary gap so that its own radiation induces a gas discharge solely in the auxiliary gap.
2. A gas-filled ionization counter, as claimed in claim 1, in which said cathode and one of said electrodes in said performance-check facility have openings positioned relative to one another so that the radiation of the gas discharge induced in the auxiliary gap passes through said openings into the main gas-discharge gap and induce a gas discharge there.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US298870A | 1970-01-15 | 1970-01-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3710166A true US3710166A (en) | 1973-01-09 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00002988A Expired - Lifetime US3710166A (en) | 1970-01-15 | 1970-01-15 | Gas-filled ionization counter |
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| US (1) | US3710166A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4420689A (en) * | 1981-12-22 | 1983-12-13 | Medical And Scientific Designs Inc. | Multi-anode deep well radiation detector |
| US5180917A (en) * | 1991-08-08 | 1993-01-19 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Self-calibrating proportional counter |
| EP0527675A2 (en) * | 1991-08-08 | 1993-02-17 | Schlumberger Limited | Method for checking the operation of and for stabilizing a neutron detector in a logging sonde and such detector |
| US5591967A (en) * | 1994-10-11 | 1997-01-07 | Halliburton Company | Method and apparatus for determining neutron detector operability using gamma ray sources |
| US5812620A (en) * | 1996-11-15 | 1998-09-22 | General Electric Company | Proportional counter |
| US20110114848A1 (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2011-05-19 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | System and method for ionizing radiation detection |
| CN102354648A (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2012-02-15 | 南京三乐电子信息产业集团有限公司 | Novel double-anode counting tube and preparation method thereof |
| US20150204984A1 (en) * | 2006-10-28 | 2015-07-23 | Integrated Sensors, Llc | Plasma panel based radiation detector |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2736816A (en) * | 1953-04-24 | 1956-02-28 | Gen Electric | Ionization chamber |
| US2957084A (en) * | 1956-04-20 | 1960-10-18 | Ca Atomic Energy Ltd | Alpha air monitor |
| US2968730A (en) * | 1957-12-05 | 1961-01-17 | Mine Safety Appliances Co | Method and apparatus for detecting minute concentrations of gases and vapors |
| US2975288A (en) * | 1958-03-11 | 1961-03-14 | Tung Sol Electric Inc | Ion chamber and circuit therefor |
-
1970
- 1970-01-15 US US00002988A patent/US3710166A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2736816A (en) * | 1953-04-24 | 1956-02-28 | Gen Electric | Ionization chamber |
| US2957084A (en) * | 1956-04-20 | 1960-10-18 | Ca Atomic Energy Ltd | Alpha air monitor |
| US2968730A (en) * | 1957-12-05 | 1961-01-17 | Mine Safety Appliances Co | Method and apparatus for detecting minute concentrations of gases and vapors |
| US2975288A (en) * | 1958-03-11 | 1961-03-14 | Tung Sol Electric Inc | Ion chamber and circuit therefor |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4420689A (en) * | 1981-12-22 | 1983-12-13 | Medical And Scientific Designs Inc. | Multi-anode deep well radiation detector |
| US5180917A (en) * | 1991-08-08 | 1993-01-19 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Self-calibrating proportional counter |
| EP0527675A2 (en) * | 1991-08-08 | 1993-02-17 | Schlumberger Limited | Method for checking the operation of and for stabilizing a neutron detector in a logging sonde and such detector |
| EP0527675A3 (en) * | 1991-08-08 | 1993-10-13 | Schlumberger Limited | Method for checking the operation of and for stabilizing a neutron detector in a logging sonde and such detector |
| AU660038B2 (en) * | 1991-08-08 | 1995-06-08 | Schlumberger Technology B.V. | Method for checking the operation of and for stabilizing a neutron detector in a logging sonde and such detector |
| US5591967A (en) * | 1994-10-11 | 1997-01-07 | Halliburton Company | Method and apparatus for determining neutron detector operability using gamma ray sources |
| US5812620A (en) * | 1996-11-15 | 1998-09-22 | General Electric Company | Proportional counter |
| US20150204984A1 (en) * | 2006-10-28 | 2015-07-23 | Integrated Sensors, Llc | Plasma panel based radiation detector |
| US9110173B2 (en) * | 2006-10-28 | 2015-08-18 | Integrated Sensors, Llc | Plasma panel based radiation detector |
| US20110114848A1 (en) * | 2009-11-18 | 2011-05-19 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | System and method for ionizing radiation detection |
| US8704189B2 (en) | 2009-11-18 | 2014-04-22 | Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. | System and method for ionizing radiation detection |
| CN102354648A (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2012-02-15 | 南京三乐电子信息产业集团有限公司 | Novel double-anode counting tube and preparation method thereof |
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