US3706571A - Blood separation process - Google Patents

Blood separation process Download PDF

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Publication number
US3706571A
US3706571A US56428A US3706571DA US3706571A US 3706571 A US3706571 A US 3706571A US 56428 A US56428 A US 56428A US 3706571D A US3706571D A US 3706571DA US 3706571 A US3706571 A US 3706571A
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Prior art keywords
liquid
blood
solids
pressure
vessel
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Expired - Lifetime
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US56428A
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English (en)
Inventor
Emmanuel J Dufault
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Sybron Transition Corp
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Sybron Corp
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Assigned to PFAUDLER CO. INC., THE A NEW YORK CORP. reassignment PFAUDLER CO. INC., THE A NEW YORK CORP. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: SYBRON CORPORATION A NY CORP.
Assigned to SYBRON CORPORATION; A CORP OF reassignment SYBRON CORPORATION; A CORP OF ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: PFAUDLER CO., INC. THE
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/24—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from blood

Definitions

  • FIG. 1 E 1 DUFAULT BLOOD SEPARATION PROCESS Filed July 20, 1970 LIQUID EFFLUENT WET BLOOD SOLI DS FIG. 1
  • Blood is a byproduct of the packinghouse; meat, poultry, and fish processing; and rendering industries.
  • the blood that is recovered in these operations is usually diluted with Water and contains various impurities. It has a relatively low value, but with processing it can be used in the preparation of animal feed, glue or fertilizer.
  • the major use of this grade of blood is in the preparation of dry animal food, in which dried blood solids are used as a protein supplement.
  • the blood passes through a vessel where it is heated to coagulate the solids and into a scroll type centrifugal decanter, filter, press or similar separator where wet blood solids are recovered.
  • the blood is usually heated by direct steam injection because of the rapid heating provided by and the low cost of steam heat.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a process for recovering blood solids in a form in which they can be easily handled by a wide variety of equipment.
  • a still further object of this invention is to provide a process for separating blood solids from a liquid with minimal reduction of the nutritional value of the solids.
  • This may be accomplished by passing the liquid under pressure through a pressure vessel wherein the liquid is heated by steam injection to a temperature above about F. but below its boiling point. Temperatures in the 220-260 F. range are preferred because the blood solids coagulate more rapidly and more uniformly at these higher temperatures.
  • One of the advantages obtained by holding the liquid under pressure during the heating step is the ability to utilize higher temperatures.
  • the size of the pressure vessel and the ow rate through the vessel must be adjusted to retain the liquid in the vessel for a sufficient period of time after it has been heated to produce the desired amount of coagulation.
  • the minimum retention time will be inversely-proportional to the temperature.
  • the liquid should be kept in the vessel for a period of at least five seconds. Retention times of 10-20 seconds are preferred.
  • the liquid In order to keep the liquid from boiling in the vessel, the liquid must be introduced into the vessel under a pressure above its vapor pressure at the temperature to which it will be heated. Typically, pressures of 15-45 p.s.i.g. are employed in order to provide a satisfactory operating margin.
  • the desired pressure is maintained in the vessel by discharging the liquid through a pressure reducer such as a manual or automatic back pressure valve or an orifice plate.
  • a pressure reducer such as a manual or automatic back pressure valve or an orifice plate.
  • Automatic back pressure valves are preferred because they will hold a fairly constant pressure in the vessel under varying ow conditions, however, if the operating conditions are steady, simpler and less expensive pressure reducers may be used.
  • the discharged liquid goes through a separator such as a scroll type centrifugal decanter, filter or the like wherein the coagulated blood solids are extracted from the liquid.
  • the coagulated solids are recovered in the form of relatively large wet akes which, because of their size, can be further processed by a wide variety of driers and material handling systems.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one form of apparatus for practicing the process of this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic sectional elevation of the separator used in the apparatus of FIG. 1.
  • a liquid containing blood solids is forced by pump 1 through pipe 2.
  • Steam is injected through standard 45 pipe fittings 3 into the pipe to heat the liquid to the desired temperature.
  • a temperature of 220-260 F. is usually maintained in the pipe downstream from the steam injectors.
  • the desired pressure is maintained in the pipe downstream from the steam injectors by an automatic, air operated back pressure valve 4.
  • the pressure in this section is 15-45 p.s.i.g.
  • the back pressure valve is placed far enough downstream from the steam injectors to maintain the liquid at the elevated temperature and pressure for the desired period. Typically, this period is l20 seconds, but shorter or longer periods may be employed.
  • the decanter has a conical bowl 6 and a scroll 7 coaxial with and inside the bowl 6.
  • a helical screw 8 around the periphery of scroll 7 just clears the inside of bowl 6.
  • 'I'he scroll 7 and bowl 6 are rotated in the same direction by a motor (not shown). The scroll rotates at a slightly higher speed than the bowl.
  • the liquid enters the decanter through a hollow center shaft 9 and is accelerated by the spinning scroll 7 and bowl 6 to the rotating speed of the bowl. Centrifugal action forces the heavier coagulated solids 10 against the sides of the bowl, while the remaining liquid forms a supernatant layer 11 above them.
  • 'Ihe blood solids 10 are conveyed by the helical screw 8 on scroll 7 to the small end of the conical bowl 6 and ejected through a discharge chute 12.
  • the solids leaving the chute 12 are in the form of small wet tlakes which are much easier to handle than the powders produced by prior art processes.
  • 'Ihese akes are dried in a rotary drum drier (not shown) and collected in a cyclone (not shown). The solids discharged form the cyclone are still in the flake form.
  • EXAMPLE I Diluted whole beef blood -was pumped through a one inch pipe at a rate of 1.75 gallons per minute and a pressure of 30-35 p.s.i.g. The temperature in the pipe was maintained at 230-235 F. by steam injection. The blood was discharged through a back pressure valve, located eight feet downstream from the last steam injector, into a scroll type centrifugal decanter with an inside bowl diameter of nine inches and a bowl length of 17 inches. The bowl speed was 5400 r.p.m. and the scroll speed was 5448 r.p.m. 37.8% of the diluted whole blood was collected as wet blood solids containing 40% moisture by weight. The liquid discharged from the decanter contained an average of 2.5% solids.
  • EXAMPLE II Another test was conducted using beef blood which had been diluted by adding 30% by weight of water and operating the system described in Example I at a ow rate of 2 g.p.m., a temperature of 220 Fi, a pressure of 22-35 p.s.i.g., a decanter bowl speed of 3000 r.p.m. and a decanter scroll speed of 3020 r.p.m. 37.1% of the original diluted blood was collected as blood solids containing 64.2% moisture. The liquid effluent from the decanter contained an average of 3.8% solids.
  • EXAMPLE III A third test with beef blood, again 30% diluted by the addition of Water, was run on the same system at a ow rate of 2 g.p.m., a temperature of 230-240 F., a pressure of 20-30 p.s.i.g., a decanter bowl speed of 3000 r.p.m. and a decanter scroll speed of 3020 r.p.m.
  • the liquid effluent from the decanter contained an average of 2.6% solids. 33.4% of the original diluted blood was collected as blood solids containing 56.2% moisture.
  • EXAMPLE IV A diluted mixture of beef, hog and lamb blood was pumped at a rate of 9000 lbs. per hour and a pressure of 20 p.s.i.g. through a 2 inch pipe. Steam was injected into the line to heat the mixture to a temperature of 245 F. The -back pressure valve was located 24 feet from the last steam injector.
  • the coagulated blood solids were extracted by scroll type centrifugal decanters operating at a -bowl speed of 2100 r.p.m. and a scroll speed of 2115 r.p.m.
  • the liquid effluent from the decanters contained an average of 1.2% solids.
  • Example V The system used in Example IV was operated at the same temperature, pressure, bowl speed and scroll speed but with a diluted blood flow rate of 6000 lbs. per hour.
  • the liquid elliuent from the decanters contained an average of 0.9% solids.
  • a continuous process for separating blood solids from a liquid comprising:
  • a continuous process for separating blood solids from a liquid comprising:
  • a continuous process for coagulating and extracting blood solids from a liquid comprising:

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
US56428A 1970-07-20 1970-07-20 Blood separation process Expired - Lifetime US3706571A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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US5642870A 1970-07-20 1970-07-20

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US (1) US3706571A (fr)
AT (1) AT317661B (fr)
BE (1) BE769900A (fr)
CH (1) CH536654A (fr)
DE (1) DE2132544C3 (fr)
GB (1) GB1299147A (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4219586A (en) * 1978-05-15 1980-08-26 Parks George W Jr Auger press
US4986998A (en) * 1989-11-22 1991-01-22 Korea Food Research Institute Process for manufacturing dehydrated flavoring from livestock blood
EP3643181A1 (fr) * 2018-10-26 2020-04-29 Dagon Products BVBA Complément alimentaire et son procédé de fabrication

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
HUT40311A (en) * 1983-06-03 1986-12-28 Kiskunhalasi Aag Process for producing protein concentrates, blood-curd and nutriments from blood and its elements

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4219586A (en) * 1978-05-15 1980-08-26 Parks George W Jr Auger press
US4986998A (en) * 1989-11-22 1991-01-22 Korea Food Research Institute Process for manufacturing dehydrated flavoring from livestock blood
EP3643181A1 (fr) * 2018-10-26 2020-04-29 Dagon Products BVBA Complément alimentaire et son procédé de fabrication
BE1026731B1 (nl) * 2018-10-26 2020-06-03 Dagon Products Bvba Voedingssupplement en werkwijze voor het vervaardigen ervan

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2132544B2 (de) 1974-02-07
GB1299147A (en) 1972-12-06
DE2132544A1 (de) 1972-02-03
AT317661B (de) 1974-09-10
CH536654A (de) 1973-05-15
BE769900A (fr) 1971-11-16
DE2132544C3 (de) 1974-08-29

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AS Assignment

Owner name: PFAUDLER CO. INC., THE A NEW YORK CORP.

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:SYBRON CORPORATION A NY CORP.;REEL/FRAME:003939/0779

Effective date: 19811231

AS Assignment

Owner name: SYBRON CORPORATION; A CORP OF NY.

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:PFAUDLER CO., INC. THE;REEL/FRAME:004024/0522

Effective date: 19820811