US3698066A - Method of producing tunnel or like structure - Google Patents

Method of producing tunnel or like structure Download PDF

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Publication number
US3698066A
US3698066A US100197A US3698066DA US3698066A US 3698066 A US3698066 A US 3698066A US 100197 A US100197 A US 100197A US 3698066D A US3698066D A US 3698066DA US 3698066 A US3698066 A US 3698066A
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United States
Prior art keywords
layer
tongues
concrete
expanded metal
sheet
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Expired - Lifetime
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US100197A
Inventor
Charles E Cornwell
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JENNINGS BAILEY JR
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JENNINGS BAILEY JR
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49885—Assembling or joining with coating before or during assembling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49915—Overedge assembling of seated part

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A tunnel section is produced by enclosing an annular ring of expanded metal within an outer covering of plastic material.
  • the expanded metal has inward projections struck out from it which are small enough to enter the spaces or to enter into openings provided in another sheet.
  • the inner surface of the expanded metal is then sprayed with concrete, the thickness of the layer formed being less than the length of the struck out tongues.
  • another layer of expanded metal is placed on the inside wall, with the tongues of the first layer passing through openings in it, and the tongues are bent over to secure the latter layer in position and to connect the layers together.
  • the second layer also has inwardly projected tongues. The second layer is then sprayed in the same manner as the first. This is continued until the desired wall thickness is obtained.
  • the concrete structure is produced by enclosing an annular ring of expanded metal within a plastic cover, the expanded metal having inwardly projecting tongues. This structure is then sprayed from the inside with concrete, the thickness of the layer of concrete being less than the length of the tongues. When the concrete is sufficiently cured, another layer of the expanded metal is placed on the inside, with the tongues of the first layer passing through holes of the second layer. Another layer of concrete is sprayed on. This procedure is repeated until the necessary thickness is achieved.
  • the structure of this nature can be produced very economically, requiring considerably less labor than other procedures for obtaining structures of the same strength.
  • the resulting structure is sturdy and withstands strain and stresses. Expensive molds are not required, as all that is needed is something on the outside of the expanded metal to prevent the escape of the concrete and its contact with the surrounding soil, metal section or the like.
  • a sheet 2 of perforated metal, such as expanded metal, is arranged inside a,
  • container sheet 4 which may be of plastic or similar material.
  • the sheet 2 has struck from it prongs 6.
  • a layer of concrete 8 is sprayed, preferably in the manner described in the application to Comwell et al., Ser. No. 841,298 filed July 14, 1969.
  • the thickness of the layer 8 is less than the length of the prongs 6.
  • a second layer 10 of expanded metal or the like is then placed over the concrete, and the ends 12 of the prongs are bent down to hold the second sheet in place.
  • a second layer 14 of concrete is then sprayed on and this procedure is repeated until the desired thickness of the wall is achieved.
  • a method of forming a concrete wall which comprises spraying a slurry of concrete on a perforated metal member having tongues projecting inwardly therefrom and havin an im erforate backin the thickness of the layer of COIlCIHBtC being less th n the

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

A tunnel section is produced by enclosing an annular ring of expanded metal within an outer covering of plastic material. The expanded metal has inward projections struck out from it which are small enough to enter the spaces or to enter into openings provided in another sheet. The inner surface of the expanded metal is then sprayed with concrete, the thickness of the layer formed being less than the length of the struck out tongues. After the concrete is sufficiently cured, another layer of expanded metal is placed on the inside wall, with the tongues of the first layer passing through openings in it, and the tongues are bent over to secure the latter layer in position and to connect the layers together. The second layer also has inwardly projected tongues. The second layer is then sprayed in the same manner as the first. This is continued until the desired wall thickness is obtained.

Description

United States Patent Cornwell [54] 7 METHOD OF PRODUCING TUNNEL )R LIKE STRUCTURE [72] Inventor: Charles E. Cornwell, Alexandria,
[73] Assignee: Jennings Bailey, Jr., Frederick, Md.
[22] Filed: Dec. 21, 1970 [21] Appl. No.: 100,197
[52] US. Cl. ..29/458, 29/509, 52/249, 52/454, 52/746, 61/45 R, 264/35 [51] Int. Cl ..E04b 1/04, E04b 1/16 [58] Field of Search ..52/249, 265, 650, 662, 670, 52/671, 454, 378; 61/42, 45 R; 29/458, 509
FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS ltaly ..52/269 51 Oct. 17,1972
Primary Examiner-Henry C. Sutherland Attorney-Jennings Bailey, Jr.
[5 7] ABSTRACT A tunnel section is produced by enclosing an annular ring of expanded metal within an outer covering of plastic material. The expanded metal has inward projections struck out from it which are small enough to enter the spaces or to enter into openings provided in another sheet. The inner surface of the expanded metal is then sprayed with concrete, the thickness of the layer formed being less than the length of the struck out tongues. After the concrete is sufficiently cured, another layer of expanded metal is placed on the inside wall, with the tongues of the first layer passing through openings in it, and the tongues are bent over to secure the latter layer in position and to connect the layers together. The second layer also has inwardly projected tongues. The second layer is then sprayed in the same manner as the first. This is continued until the desired wall thickness is obtained.
1 Claim, 1 Drawing Figure 'PATENTEUUU 17 I972 I 3 59 055 INVENTOR. CAM/P4 5 5. COR/VWELL 1 g j ATTORNEYS METHOD OF PRODUCING TUNNEL R LIKE STRUCTURE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a less expensive and more efficient method of producing tunnels or similarly enclosed concrete structures. According to the invention, the concrete structure is produced by enclosing an annular ring of expanded metal within a plastic cover, the expanded metal having inwardly projecting tongues. This structure is then sprayed from the inside with concrete, the thickness of the layer of concrete being less than the length of the tongues. When the concrete is sufficiently cured, another layer of the expanded metal is placed on the inside, with the tongues of the first layer passing through holes of the second layer. Another layer of concrete is sprayed on. This procedure is repeated until the necessary thickness is achieved.
The structure of this nature can be produced very economically, requiring considerably less labor than other procedures for obtaining structures of the same strength. The resulting structure is sturdy and withstands strain and stresses. Expensive molds are not required, as all that is needed is something on the outside of the expanded metal to prevent the escape of the concrete and its contact with the surrounding soil, metal section or the like.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING The drawing shows in cross-section a portion of a wall structure produced according to the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT According to the invention, a sheet 2 of perforated metal, such as expanded metal, is arranged inside a,
container sheet 4 which may be of plastic or similar material. The sheet 2 has struck from it prongs 6. On
the interior of the assembly, a layer of concrete 8 is sprayed, preferably in the manner described in the application to Comwell et al., Ser. No. 841,298 filed July 14, 1969. The thickness of the layer 8 is less than the length of the prongs 6. A second layer 10 of expanded metal or the like is then placed over the concrete, and the ends 12 of the prongs are bent down to hold the second sheet in place. A second layer 14 of concrete is then sprayed on and this procedure is repeated until the desired thickness of the wall is achieved.
Iclaim:
l. A method of forming a concrete wall which comprises spraying a slurry of concrete on a perforated metal member having tongues projecting inwardly therefrom and havin an im erforate backin the thickness of the layer of COIlCIHBtC being less th n the

Claims (1)

1. A method of forming a concrete wall which comprises spraying a slurry of concrete on a perforated metal member having tongues projecting inwardly therefrom and having an imperforate backing, the thickness of the layer of concrete being less than the length of the tongues, applying a second sheet of perforated metal over the sprayed concrete with the tongues of the first sheet extending through openings in the second sheet, bending down at least some of the tongues of the first sheet over the second sheet, and spraying a second layer of concrete on the surface of the second sheet.
US100197A 1970-12-21 1970-12-21 Method of producing tunnel or like structure Expired - Lifetime US3698066A (en)

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US10019770A 1970-12-21 1970-12-21

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US3698066A true US3698066A (en) 1972-10-17

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4657435A (en) * 1985-12-27 1987-04-14 Chang Ming Y Underwater tunnel construction
FR2708969A1 (en) * 1993-08-13 1995-02-17 Vicat Method of producing civil engineering works and resulting work
US5439319A (en) * 1993-08-12 1995-08-08 Carlisle Coatings & Water Proofing, Incorporated Tunnel barrier system and method of installing the same
US6193439B1 (en) * 1996-01-08 2001-02-27 Mbt Holding Ag Process for cladding substrates and constructions produced thereby
US6761504B1 (en) * 1998-07-20 2004-07-13 Mbt Holding Ag Waterproof cladding construction and method of providing the same

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US782810A (en) * 1902-03-07 1905-02-14 John H Murphy Building construction.
US1309242A (en) * 1919-07-08 K oebis elmose clark
US2042438A (en) * 1934-05-23 1936-05-26 Wells Don William Building construction
US2474778A (en) * 1945-12-05 1949-06-28 Wheeling Steel Corp Backed lath and manufacture thereof
US3545213A (en) * 1967-03-22 1970-12-08 Gustav Sebor Structure for lining underground spaces

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1309242A (en) * 1919-07-08 K oebis elmose clark
US782810A (en) * 1902-03-07 1905-02-14 John H Murphy Building construction.
US2042438A (en) * 1934-05-23 1936-05-26 Wells Don William Building construction
US2474778A (en) * 1945-12-05 1949-06-28 Wheeling Steel Corp Backed lath and manufacture thereof
US3545213A (en) * 1967-03-22 1970-12-08 Gustav Sebor Structure for lining underground spaces

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4657435A (en) * 1985-12-27 1987-04-14 Chang Ming Y Underwater tunnel construction
US5439319A (en) * 1993-08-12 1995-08-08 Carlisle Coatings & Water Proofing, Incorporated Tunnel barrier system and method of installing the same
FR2708969A1 (en) * 1993-08-13 1995-02-17 Vicat Method of producing civil engineering works and resulting work
WO1995005523A1 (en) * 1993-08-13 1995-02-23 Vicat Method and device for lining and supporting tunnels
US6193439B1 (en) * 1996-01-08 2001-02-27 Mbt Holding Ag Process for cladding substrates and constructions produced thereby
US6761504B1 (en) * 1998-07-20 2004-07-13 Mbt Holding Ag Waterproof cladding construction and method of providing the same

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