US3697059A - Helical spring for producing artificial reverberation - Google Patents

Helical spring for producing artificial reverberation Download PDF

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Publication number
US3697059A
US3697059A US62442A US3697059DA US3697059A US 3697059 A US3697059 A US 3697059A US 62442 A US62442 A US 62442A US 3697059D A US3697059D A US 3697059DA US 3697059 A US3697059 A US 3697059A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
spring
producing artificial
improvement
helical coil
artificial reverberation
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US62442A
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English (en)
Inventor
Werner Fidi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AKG Acoustics GmbH
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AKG Akustische und Kino Geraete GmbH
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K15/00—Acoustics not otherwise provided for
    • G10K15/08—Arrangements for producing a reverberation or echo sound
    • G10K15/10—Arrangements for producing a reverberation or echo sound using time-delay networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic devices

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A helical spring for producing artificial reverberation, with the frequencies to be reverberated being impressed thereon in the form of torsional vibrations, has individual turns, at random locations therealong, deformed irregularly from a normally circular configuration. Portions of the deformed turns may be deformed outwardly from the normally circular configuration or deformed inwardly therefrom, or in both directions, but in the plane of the circular configuratron.
  • the artificial reverberation thus obtained normally is mixed with the signal, which has not been modified by reverberation, and is radiated, for example by a loudspeaker.
  • the reverberation time should decrease towards the low frequencies as well as towards the high frequencies.
  • the mean frequency response also should diminish towards low frequencies as well as towards high frequencies.
  • T is the delay period
  • b is the attenuation of successive pulses.
  • This invention relates to helical springs for producing artificial reverberation and, more particularly, to a novel and improved such helical spring in which the above-mentioned disadvantages are avoided and which can be used to construct a reverberation apparatus capable of producing artificial reverberation which is very similar to natural reverberation.
  • the invention provides an improvement in the range below 200 Hz, because the features of the invention destroy the periodicity in the frequency spectrum as well as in the pulse spectrum, at low frequencies.
  • individual spring turns selected at random in a helical spring for producing artificial reverberation, and on which the frequencies to be reverberated are impressed in the form-of torsional vibrations, are deformed irregularly from a normally circular configuration.
  • the deformations may consist of inward or outward or both deflections of the spring wire, from the normally circular configuration, and of varying magnitude or intensity, the deflections being disposed substantially in the surface plane of the undeformed circular spring turn.
  • the helical spring has a surface which is rendered irregular by etching, since only this procedure is suitable for producing a reverberation spring which operates reliably over the entire transmission range.
  • the frequency range is subdivided and a separate spring is associated with each subdivision, it is possible to dispense with an irregular surface of the spring wire for the range below 200 Hz. This procedure involves only a slight loss of quality.
  • An object of the invention is to provide an improved helical spring for producing artificial reverberation with the frequencies to be reverberated being impressed on the spring in the form of torsional vibrations.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a spring in which individual turns, at random locations therealong, are deformed irregularly from a normally circular configuration.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide such a spring which has a surface rendered irregular by etching.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a spring in which the randomly located individual turns are deformed inwardly, outwardly, or in both directions from a normally circular configuration.
  • FIG. 1 is an elevation view of an elliptically deformed spring wire turn
  • FIG. 2 is anelevation view of an inwardly deformed spring wire turn
  • FIGS. 3a 3d are views, similar to FIGS. 1 and 2, illustrating further, but not limiting, configurations which the deformations may take.
  • spring turns which are statistically selected over the length of the entire spring, are provided with inward, outward, or both deflections of different magnitude or intensity, so that the mass, as well as the stiffness, of the thus deformed turns can be increased as well as reduced.
  • the mass, as well as the stiffness, of the individual spring turns or convolutions it is possible for the mass, as well as the stiffness, of the individual spring turns or convolutions to be varied, in practice almost at will, the stiffness being reduced if the spring turn is deformed in accordance with FIG. 1.
  • the mass, and thus the moment of inertia, of the turn is increased.
  • each deformed spring turn is thus approximately equal to the length of an undeformed spring turn or convolution.
  • the spring turn has three inward deformations of approximately the same magnitude, whereas in FIG. 3a, the spring turn again has three inward deformations but of different magnitudes.
  • FIG. 3c illustrates a spring turn having both outward and inward deformations of different magnitudes
  • FIG. 3d illustrates a deformed spring turn having a single outward deformation and three inward deformations two of which are of the same magnitude and the third of which is of a larger magnitude or intensity.
  • the essential feature is that the deformed spring turns or convolutions are distributed statistically along the spring, the required random pattern being imade uate exte t.
  • a helical coil spring for producing artificial reverberation, with the frequencies to be reverberated being impressed thereon in the form of torsional vibrations, the improvement comprising, in combination, individual turns of said spring, at random locations therealong, having irregular deformed portions deviating from a normally circular configuration.
  • a reverberator adapted to be stimulated to torsional vibrations by electromechanical converters, comprising at least one helical coil for generally circular configuration having a plurality of irregular deformations deviating from a normally circular configuration.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Golf Clubs (AREA)
  • Reverberation, Karaoke And Other Acoustics (AREA)
US62442A 1969-08-19 1970-08-10 Helical spring for producing artificial reverberation Expired - Lifetime US3697059A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT793469A AT292332B (de) 1969-08-19 1969-08-19 Schraubenfeder zur Erzeugung künstlichen Nachhalles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3697059A true US3697059A (en) 1972-10-10

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ID=3600861

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US62442A Expired - Lifetime US3697059A (en) 1969-08-19 1970-08-10 Helical spring for producing artificial reverberation

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3697059A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS495653B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) AT292332B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU1796370A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE754949A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH502666A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2040044C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2057877A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1278884A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE347099B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3934866A (en) * 1974-10-08 1976-01-27 Waldes Kohinoor, Inc. Special-purpose spring retaining rings

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS63131190U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1987-02-18 1988-08-26

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US13699A (en) * 1855-10-23 Coal-sifter
US3389642A (en) * 1966-06-22 1968-06-25 Kelsey Hayes Co Power booster for brakes

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US13699A (en) * 1855-10-23 Coal-sifter
US3389642A (en) * 1966-06-22 1968-06-25 Kelsey Hayes Co Power booster for brakes

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3934866A (en) * 1974-10-08 1976-01-27 Waldes Kohinoor, Inc. Special-purpose spring retaining rings

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2040044B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1980-05-22
AU1796370A (en) 1972-01-27
DE2040044A1 (de) 1971-02-25
JPS495653B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-02-08
FR2057877A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-05-21
BE754949A (fr) 1971-02-01
CH502666A (de) 1971-01-31
GB1278884A (en) 1972-06-21
DE2040044C3 (de) 1981-02-26
SE347099B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-07-24
AT292332B (de) 1971-08-25

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