US3695571A - Bricklaying devices - Google Patents

Bricklaying devices Download PDF

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Publication number
US3695571A
US3695571A US46788A US3695571DA US3695571A US 3695571 A US3695571 A US 3695571A US 46788 A US46788 A US 46788A US 3695571D A US3695571D A US 3695571DA US 3695571 A US3695571 A US 3695571A
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Prior art keywords
bricks
course
members
battens
existing course
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Expired - Lifetime
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US46788A
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English (en)
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David Preiskel
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E04G21/18—Adjusting tools; Templates
    • E04G21/1841—Means for positioning building parts or elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/14—Conveying or assembling building elements
    • E04G21/16—Tools or apparatus
    • E04G21/20—Tools or apparatus for applying mortar
    • E04G21/207—Static templates for applying a predefined layer of mortar

Definitions

  • suwanr 4 F/GJO BRICKLAYING DEVICES This invention relates to a device for improving the efficiency and accuracy of bricklaying or wall building.
  • the traditional method of bricklaying involves the use of a piece of string and a spirit level and/or plumb line.
  • the mortar is piled by means of a trowel on the upper surface of a brick already in place or on a wall base, where it forms a mound.
  • a further brick is then taken, its abutment face is smeared with mortar and it is lowered into position on the mound until its upper edge is in line with a horizontally stretched piece of string and its smeared abutment face is hard up against the previously laid brick.
  • Excess mortar exuding at the front or back of the brick is scraped out with the trowel leaving a recessed and rough mortar line between the I courses of bricks which, at a subsequent stage, is raked out and pointed.
  • a bricklaying device comprises a framework positionable over a course of bricks, clamping devices attached to the framework for maintaining the framework in position on the bricks and blades for forming a mould around the upper surfaces of the bricks for reception of mortar.
  • FIG. I is a perspective view of a first embodiment of a device for use in laying bricks in single lines;
  • FIG. 2 is an underneath view of the device of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view, on an enlarged scale, along lines IIl-Ill,of FIG. 2, showing the device gripping a brick;
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of a skirt attachable to the device to facilitate vertical pointing of the laid bricks
  • FIG. 5 is a plan view of the device of FIG. I in place on the corner ofa wall;
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a device for laying bricks to form a cavity wall
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view of the device shown in FIG. 6 in place on the corner of a cavity wall;
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of an attachment for ensuring that the bricks are vertical
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a further embodiment of a device for use in laying bricks in single lines.
  • FIG. 10 is a sectional view along line X-X of FIG. 9 on an enlarged scale and in more detail;
  • FIG. 11 is a similar view to FIG. 10 showing a different aspect of the embodiment of FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 12 is a section view along line XII XII of FIG. 9 on an enlarged scale and in more detail showing the device gripping a brick;
  • FIG. 13 is a perspective view of an attachment for ensuring that the bricks are vertical.
  • the device shown in FIG. 1, consists of a framework 1 made up of parallel longitudinal struts 2 and 3, vertical struts 4, 5, 6 and 7 and cross struts l0 and 11.
  • the longitudinal strut 2 is longer than the longitudinal strut 3 to enable the device to be used at corners in a manner explained below.
  • longitudinal upper struts l2 and 13 may be added although they are not essential.
  • the frame work may be a one-piece construction of bars or tubes with the struts 2 and 3 spaced sufficiently to span the width of a standard brick.
  • the spacing of the struts 2 and 3 may be made variable by making the struts 10 and 11 (and the struts 12 and 13 if present) telescopic.
  • flat faced plates 14 are attached to and extend the length of the struts 2 and 3.
  • the plates 14 are biassed, for example, by means of springs 15, away from the struts 2 and 3.
  • the plates 14 are retractable towards the struts 2 and 3 by means of suitable handles (not shown) on the framework 1 and a suitable linkage (not shown), such as Bowden cables.
  • a blade 16 is provided on the top edge of each of the plates 14.
  • the device is placed in position on a previously laid course of bricks 17 by retracting the plates 14 towards the struts 2 and 3, sliding the frame 1 over the bricks and releasing the plates so that they grip the sides of the bricks with the lower edges of the blades 16 sitting on the upper edges of the bricks and projecting above the top of these bricks by a distance fractionally greater than the mortar required between the courses or between a first course and a wall base.
  • Two spirit levels are provided on the framework to ensure that the device is positioned horizontally in two planes.
  • This sliding movement is similar to the movement made with a trowel in pointing.
  • Mortar 18 is placed on the underlying course of bricks 17 so that it fills the space defined by the blades 16 and further bricks are placed one at a time on the mortar and tapped gently down. No further pointing is required for the horizontal joints as the shape, position and degree of movement of the blades 16 give the correct finish to the joint.
  • the blades 16 are preferably removable, allowing different pointing effects to be obtained with differently shaped blades.
  • a skirt 21, e.g. of plastics material such as nylon or polythene, as shown in FIG. 4 is provided on one or both of the plates 14.
  • the skirt 21 is provided with a top bar 22 which is a sliding fit in a suitably shaped slot 23 (FIG. 3) in the plate 14 or other suitable attachment and vertical ribs 24.
  • the pointing of the vertical joints of a course of bricks is done when the device is in position to lay the next course.
  • the skirt 21 is pressed against the joint by the bricklayer and mortar is then rammed down in the vertical joint from above, for example, by the suitably shaped end of a trowel handle.
  • the use of the device for laying bricks to form a corner is clearly shown in FIG. 5.
  • the strut 2 being longer than the strut 3 allows the device to span a course of bricks in one direction whilst bricks are laid in the perpendicular direction.
  • FIG. 6 a more complex device is shown which can be used for building cavity walls.
  • This device consists of an identical framework 1 to that shown in FIG. 1 with a further framework 25 consisting of Iongitudinal struts 26 and 27, vertical struts 8 and 9 and a cross strut 30 attached to the framework 1 to provide a double channel.
  • the arrangement of the struts 7, 8 and 9 enables the device to be used at corners in a manner explained below.
  • An extra longitudinal strut 31 may be provided to increase the rigidity of the device.
  • the extra framework 25 is preferably removably attached to the framework 1 so that the same device can be used for building single or cavity walls.
  • spring loaded plates identical to the plates 14 are attached to the strut 2 and both sides of the strut 3 and to the strut 26.
  • the device is used in a similar manner to the simpler type explained hereinabove and it enables both walls to be built at once.
  • a sheet of plastics materials (not shown) may be attached to the strut 3 so that the cavity is covered and excess mortar is prevented from falling into the cavity.
  • FIG. 7 clearly shows how the arrangement of the struts allows bricks to be laid at right angles to one another to form a corner.
  • FIG. 8 consists of a rigid, flat faced portion 35 of sufficient length to span several courses of bricks, fixed to an L- shaped bracket 36 containing a number of apertures 36a (three are shown in FIG. 8).
  • the attachment is fitted to the device by sliding the apertures 36a over suitably spaced studs 37 on the struts of the device.
  • a retractable projection 38 fits into the underside of the plate 14. This vertical attachment moves in the horizontal plane of plate 14 to which it is attached and therefore is in close contact with the brick face for the distance of the length of the vertical.” When the gripping action of plate 14 is released, the vertical attachment also comes away from the wall face.
  • This vertical attachment is also provided with a sliding or hinged portion 39 which is used at corners but can be retracted or folded back during construction of intermediate sections of wall.
  • the vertical attachment is also provided with handles 40 and 41 and linkages, one to retract the projections 38 to detach the vertical attachment from the plate 14 so that it can be removed from the device and the other to control the movement of plate 14 when the vertical attachment 34 is attached to the device.
  • the handle 41 and its associated linkage forces a spring loaded stud (not shown) against the framework 1 to force the attachment 34 away from the framework and thus retract the plate 14.
  • the handles 40 and 41 enable the whole device to be controlled and moved. Similarly, the whole device, including excursions of the plate 14 and the vertical attachment 34 can be controlled from the levers on top of the rigid framework. It is not necessary to have a spirit level on the vertical attachment. The latter is constantly at right angles to the device and the spirit level on this device which gauges the horizontal accuracy of the wall from front to back will automatically ensure that the vertical attachment is in the correct position.
  • FIG. 9 A further embodiment of the device is shown in FIG. 9 and consists of two pairs of vertical frame members 101, 102 and 103, 104 and two horizontal members and 106.
  • the horizontal members 105 and 106 are hollow and are attached to the vertical members 103 and 104.
  • the vertical members 101 and 102 are provided with projecting portions (projecting portions 107 provided on the vertical member 101 is shown in FIG. 10), which extend into and are a sliding fit in the horizontal members 105 and 106.
  • the vertical members 101, 102, 103 and 104 and the horizontal members 105 and 106 could be of circular cross section instead of the rectangular cross section shown. As shown in FIG.
  • each vertical member may be provided with a projecting member 107, 107a, in which case the springs are connected between the inner ends of the projecting members 107, 107a, and the hollow members 105 and 106 are not attached to the vertical members.
  • Flat faced plates 110, 111 are attached to the lower ends of the vertical members 101, 102 and 103, 104
  • the plate 111 is provided with spaced perpendicularly projecting pins 112, the purpose of which will be explained below.
  • a lever device 1 13 is provided for forcing the vertical members 101 and 104 away from one another against the bias of the spring 109.
  • the lever 113 consists of a flat handle 114 and a hinge member 115.
  • the hinge member 115 is pivotally attached to the handle 114 at its mid point, and has one end attached to the vertical member 101 and the other end attached to the vertical member 103. Pushing the handle 114 towards the horizontal member 105 forces the vertical member 101 away from the vertical member 103.
  • a similar lever device exists on the horizontal member 106. Two such hinge members are required on each horizontal member for the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 so that both vertical members associated with a horizontal member are displaced.
  • the lever devices are operated and the plates 110 and 111 are slid over the previous course of bricks until the pins 112 rest on the top of the bricks as shown in FIG. 12. Release of the lever devices 113 allows the vertical members to move inwardly so that the plates 1 and 111 grip the bricks due to the tension of the springs.
  • the device is partly supported by the pins 112 resting on the bricks. Further support for the device is provided by an arm 116 which projects from the lower edge of the plate 111 so as to abut the bricks 118.
  • the plate 110 is provided on its upper edge with a blade 117 which projects above the top of the bricks in the same way as the blade 16 shown in FIG.
  • Mortar is placed on the previously laid course of bricks 118 and further bricks are placed one at a time on the mortar and tapped gently down.
  • Portions 101a and 102a of the vertical members 101 and 102 are formed so that there is a greater spacing between the pairs of vertical member than between the plates 110 and 111. This greater spacing allows easier maneuvering of a brick into position.
  • the blade 117 is mounted on the plate 110 so as to allow a slight downward and outward movement of the blade 117 as the bricks are tapped down.
  • the blade 117 is also mounted so as to be longitudinally slidable relative to the plate 110.
  • This sliding movement is similar to the movement of the trowel in pointing and no further pointing is required for the horizontal joints as the shape position and degree of movement of the blade 117 give the correct finish to the joint.
  • the blade 117 is preferably removable allowing different pointing effects to be obtained with differently shaped blades.
  • a similar blade may be provided on the plate 111 if pointing is required on both sides of the bricks. In many cases however, no pointing is required on the inside of the bricks.
  • Pointing of the vertical joints may be carried out by means of a skirt in the same way as previously described.
  • a skirt 119 is shown in FIG. 12 in which a U-shaped member 120 is provided at the top of the skirt, the U-shaped member being a sliding fit on a projecting flange 121 of the plate 1 10.
  • the blade 110 is longer than the blade 111.
  • the blade 111 may be provided with removable or hingeable extensions for use when bricks between corners are being laid.
  • the blade 111 may be provided with apertures which allow bridging of the wall ties.
  • a vertical attachment 122 for ensuring vertical accuracy similar to that shown in FIG. 8 may be provided.
  • the vertical attachment 122 is mounted on the device by means of a hollow horizontal member 123 on one end of the plate 110, and is retained therein by means of a releaseable locking mechanism.
  • a similar hollow horizontal member may be provided on the other end of the plate 110.
  • the vertical attachment 122 is also provided with a sliding or hinged portion 124 which is used at corners but can be retracted or folded back during construction of an intermediate section of a wall. The hinged portion is also useful for preventing mortar falling off when laying the end brick of a wall section.
  • the versatility of the device is illustrated by the fact that it can be used in three ways to build a wall:
  • the wall can be built by using the traditional stretched string along the top of the device.
  • the wall can be built to any desired height by the use of a plumb line at each corner and an intervening stretched string along the top of the device.
  • the device according to the invention allows bricks to be laid with a minimum waste of mortar and with a dryer mix than the traditional method owing to the blades 16 forming a mould for the mortar.
  • the use of the dryer mix means a reduction in the drying time and may obviate the use of plasticizers to make the mortar flow more easily.
  • the pointing can be done during the bricklaying process, and bricklaying can be carried out by semi-skilled labor. In the case of a cavity wall,
  • a device for assisting in the laying of a new course of bricks on an existing course of bricks comprising a pair of battens, means for removably positioning said pair of battens with each batten in engagement with a respective side of the existing course of bricks, said positioning means comprising a pair of frames at least one of said frames having a pair of upright members adapted to lie on opposed sides of said existing course of bricks in use and a cross member joining said pair of upright members at a level above the existing course of bricks such as not to obstruct the laying of the new course of bricks, said batten members including means for forming a mould on top of the course of bricks for the reception of mortar, and a flexible blade member, at least one of said mould forming means comprising said blade member which has a shape such as to point the adjacent outer face of said mortar layer, whereby the new course of bricks can be placed on the existing course with the device in place.
  • the positioning means comprises means for biassing the battens towards one another to grip the respective sides of the existing course of bricks.
  • said positioning means includes means for producing relative movement of the battens in a direction to separate the battens whereby to remove the device from the existing course of bricks.
  • a device including two frame members, each joining rigidly one of said frames to the other at positions whereby in use, each frame member is positioned on a respective side of the existing course, the positioning means comprising a plurality of springs each attached to one batten and the adjacent frame member for biassing said batten relative to the frame member towards the other batten so as to grip the existing course of bricks.
  • a device including two frame members, each joining one of said frames to the other at positions whereby, use, each frame member is positioned on a respective side of the existing course, each batten being rigidly fixed to one of said frame members, the positioning means comprising springs extending between the frame members for biassing the frame members towards one another so that the battens grip the respective sides of the existing course of bricks.
  • both of said frames include a pair of upright members and a cross member joining said upright members part of said cross members being hollow and said springs being housed within said hollow cross members.
  • each cross member comprises a hollow member attached to one of said upright members and a projecting member attached to the other upright member and slidable within the hollow member.
  • said positioning means includes two lever devices, one associated with each frame and each consisting of a hinge member hinged about a mid point thereof, and means pivotally connecting one end of the hinge member to one of the upright members and the other end to the other of the upright members, whereby movement of the hinge causes relative movement of the battens in a direction to separate the battens whereby to remove the device from the existing course of bricks.
  • a device wherein a plurality of pins are mounted on one of the battens so as to project therefrom for supporting the device on the existing course of bricks.
  • a device including a skirt, and means for attaching the skirt to one of the battens, the skirt being shaped to effect pointing of the vertical joints between the bricks.
  • a device including two spirit levels and means mounting the spirit levels on the device for ensuring the horizontal positioning of the device.
  • a device according to claim 13 including means for ensuring that the course of bricks is laid accurately in the vertical plane.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
US46788A 1969-06-18 1970-06-16 Bricklaying devices Expired - Lifetime US3695571A (en)

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GB3093569 1969-06-18

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2829787A1 (fr) * 2001-09-18 2003-03-21 Antoine Couleau Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre d'elements de construction calibres pour le montage de murs en maconnerie
FR2887909A1 (fr) * 2005-07-04 2007-01-05 Jean Amiaut Kit pose parpaings
WO2022257681A1 (zh) * 2021-06-08 2022-12-15 广东博智林机器人有限公司 交互系统、砌砖装置、砌砖机械手及砌砖定位方法

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2131474A (en) * 1982-11-26 1984-06-20 Arthur Stanley Large Bricklaying device
GB2136864A (en) * 1983-03-22 1984-09-26 Ivor Grealy Laying bricks and other building blocks
GB2507951A (en) * 2012-09-28 2014-05-21 Stephen Hemmings Multiple function brick laying apparatus
CN103899094B (zh) * 2014-04-20 2015-12-09 王辉 提升式砌墙夹板

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2642736A (en) * 1950-05-16 1953-06-23 Henry M Peper Mortar strip positioning frame
US2674116A (en) * 1952-12-15 1954-04-06 Alfred E Erp Mortar spreader
US3203070A (en) * 1963-09-24 1965-08-31 Thaddeus M Kolakowski Mortar jig

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2642736A (en) * 1950-05-16 1953-06-23 Henry M Peper Mortar strip positioning frame
US2674116A (en) * 1952-12-15 1954-04-06 Alfred E Erp Mortar spreader
US3203070A (en) * 1963-09-24 1965-08-31 Thaddeus M Kolakowski Mortar jig

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2829787A1 (fr) * 2001-09-18 2003-03-21 Antoine Couleau Dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre d'elements de construction calibres pour le montage de murs en maconnerie
FR2887909A1 (fr) * 2005-07-04 2007-01-05 Jean Amiaut Kit pose parpaings
WO2022257681A1 (zh) * 2021-06-08 2022-12-15 广东博智林机器人有限公司 交互系统、砌砖装置、砌砖机械手及砌砖定位方法

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