US3695337A - Process for manufacturing plated products - Google Patents

Process for manufacturing plated products Download PDF

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Publication number
US3695337A
US3695337A US78689A US3695337DA US3695337A US 3695337 A US3695337 A US 3695337A US 78689 A US78689 A US 78689A US 3695337D A US3695337D A US 3695337DA US 3695337 A US3695337 A US 3695337A
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Prior art keywords
metal
process according
piece
plating
mould
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Expired - Lifetime
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US78689A
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English (en)
Inventor
Rene Grand
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Compagnie des Ateliers et Forges de la Loire SA
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Forges De La Loire Comp D Atel
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
    • B22D7/02—Casting compound ingots of two or more different metals in the molten state, i.e. integrally cast
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING PLATED PRODUCTS I BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a new process for manufacturing plated products of metals such as steels, alloys or pure metals and more particularly but not exclusively forming a composite product from;
  • steels such as structural steel and tool steel with stainless steels or steels which are resistant to high or low temperatures;
  • steels such as structural steel and tool steel with pure metals
  • steels such as structural steel and tool steel with alloys based on nickel, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten, for example alloys comprising various proportions of these elements.
  • Such composite products can be made from any combination of steels, alloys and pure metals, including pure metals bonded with one another.
  • the two industrial methods which are generally used are:
  • the composite metal is produced by rolling in a protective atmosphere.
  • the strips are passed into furnaces at temperatures selected to give to the final composite product the desired properties. This process is thus very limited in its possibilities.
  • this process involves permanent risk of local failure to bond. in addition carbon diffusions, especially in the case of plating stainless steels. may preclude the use of this process in certain cases of special corrosion resistance.
  • a product particularly one designed to resist corrosion at low temperatures or at high temperatures is very often a steel having a high content of inoxidisable elements and in particular has a surface which, during the heating operations, becomes covered with a continuous film, adherent and impermeable to oxides, which arrests the diffusion phenomena and thus compromises the adhesion of the plating metal.
  • the present invention has as an object the production of plated products, the plating obtained having high bond characteristics capable of resisting low or high temperatures.
  • a further object is the production of plated products of a wide variety of dimensions not just those which can be rolled.
  • a further object is to provide a plating process which is easy to apply and economical of time and materials.
  • the invention provides a process for the production of plated metal products in which a first metal piece has its surface coated with a layer of a substance, and a second metal is cast adjacent that surface, said substance being such that it decomposes very close to the liquid front, releasing volatile organic compounds which protect the first metal from oxidation by the atmosphere, and which ensure a good contact of the liquid metal with the cleaned surface of the first metal.
  • the layer of substance is a polyfluorethene. This may be applied by spraying or brushing on, of an aqueous or alcholised dispersion of a polyfluorethene. or by any other means.
  • the process starts with a metallic core, the surface of which has been previously prepared and coated with a polyfluorethene, this core is then arranged inside an ingot mould or other mould, and a plating metal is introduced into the remaining part of the mould.
  • the metallic base piece In the absence of a layer of substance such as polyfluorethene the metallic base piece, during the course of the casting, would be raised to a high temperature such that it would progressively oxidize in the air.
  • the oxide formed on its surface would constitute a barrier to the diffusion phenomena and would compromise the adhesion of the plating metal.
  • the substance such as polyfluorethene becomes progressively pyrolised at the front of the liquid metal and emits gaseous vapors which protect the surface of the base piece from oxidation. In this manner the adhesion of the plating metal to the base piece is ensured under excellent conditions.
  • the polyfluorethenes (for example the polytetrafluorethylene or the polychlorotrifluorethylene or their derivatives) give satisfaction under these circumstances because they possess simultaneously the following characteristics; high chemical stability; :1 product which is non-plastifiable at high temperatures; a product which is non-thermo-hardening and non-thermoplastic (a gel at high temperature, this gel having high viscosity); absence of a true melting point; decomposition by pyrolysis, giving rise to fluorinated or chlorofl uorinated compositions.
  • perchlorinated polyvinyl chloride possess to a considerable extent the properties described above and may thus be suitable for protecting the metal surface effectively from oxidation.
  • the composite ingot thus produced can then be rolled in accordance with normal techniques and taking account of the restraints which are necessary in dealing with the particular materials involved in the composite product.
  • the casting of the plating metal is preferably effective at source. However, this casting may be made directly and, if necessary, by means of a ladle with one or more nozzles.
  • the base piece can be plated on one or both sides as desired, or two base pieces can each be plated on a single face simultaneously in the same mould. Such two pieces may be in contact at their faces which are not to be plated and which are separated by an anti-sticking product, such as chromium oxide for example, or be assembled by a peripheral weld preventing any penetration of liquid metal and preventing sticking of the surfaces in contact, or both be coated with an anti-stick product and welded peripherally.
  • an anti-sticking product such as chromium oxide for example
  • the casting of the plating metal may be carried out under the protection of an inert gas, such as argon.
  • an inert gas such as argon.
  • the jet of plating metal at its exit from the casting ladle is surrounded by such an inert atmosphere and/or the mould is placed under such atmosphere.
  • Polyfluorethene coatings due to their particular properties, both physical and chemical, enable exceptional cleanliness of the contact surfaces to be achieved at the moment of casting, thus facilitating the normal commencement of the diffusion phenomena leading to the production ofa plating with high bond characteristics.
  • Ultrasonic inspection of products formed by the invention exhibited a substantially perfect bond between the base piece metal and the plating metal.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one form of vertically sectioned ingot mould in which a base piece is suspended before casting;
  • FIG. 2 is a view similar to alternative form of mould
  • FIG. 3 is a view similar to that of FIG. I further form of mould
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to that of FIG. I, with two contiguous base pieces to be plated;
  • FIG. I showing an showing a FIG. 5 illustrates, in vertical section, of forming a plated cast piece.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are for the plating of stainless steel on the two faces 2 and 3 of a bloom 4 of carbon steel.
  • a start is made with a bloom 4 of carbon steel of dimensions 1.700 X 0.850 X 0.160 meters, these dimensions constituting only an example, which is carefully cleaned and, if it is not to be used immediately, has its surface protected from oxidation and any external pollution by a coating of a currently used protective product.
  • this protective product is removed by a special solvent and the bloom is coated, by spraying or brushing its faces 2 and 3 with a layer of polyfluorethene arising, for example, from an aqueous or alcoholised dispersion. This coating is then subjected to some fritting by moderate heating for a short period.
  • the bloom is then carefully introduced into the ingot mould 5, either suspended so as to leave underneath it a space sufficient for the arrival of the plating metal (FIG. 1) or placed on the bottom of the ingot mould if the arrival or the plating metal from the source takes place at the sides (FIG. 2).
  • the plating metal arrives during the course of casting through the base of the mould as indicated by the arrows and occupies the space 1.
  • the jet of stainless steel, at its exit from the casting ladle, is protected by an argon atmosphere.
  • FIG. 3 The arrangement of FIG. 3 is for forming a stainless steel plating on a single face of a bloom of carbon steel.
  • a bloom 6 of carbon steel is prepared as before, but the polyfluorethen is applied to only one face 7.
  • the bloom is then introduced into an ingot mould 8 in such a way that the large side 9 of the bloom 6 and the base which are not to be plated are placed up against one wall and the base of the mould.
  • Stainless steel is then introduced as indicated by the arrow to fill the cavity 10.
  • the items are transposed, that is to say a bloom of stainless steel is prepared, and placed up against one wall of the ingot mould, after its working face has been coated with polyfluorethene, and carbon steel is cast, at source, into the remaining space.
  • FIG. 4 provides for effecting simultaneously two simple platings.
  • two blooms H and 12 of stainless steel are placed back-to-back, an anti-stick layer 13 being placed between them. They are if necessary held in this position by a peripheral weld 14.
  • the face 15 of each bloom which is to be plated is coated with the layer of polyfluorethene, and the whole is introduced into an ingot mould l6, either suspended, or placed on the bottom. Carbon steel is then cast at source into the space 17.
  • the carbon steel and stainless steel can be interchanged as before.
  • H6. 5 The arrangement of H6. 5 is for producing a plated shaped casting.
  • a carbon steel casting 18 is produced to the desired size and shape with the omission at the faces which are to be plated of a thickness corresponding to the desired plating layer.
  • the surface to be plated I9 is then coated as described above.
  • the cast piece 18 is placed around a mould core 20 and the stainless steel is cast at source to occupy the space 21 left between the mould core and the piece.
  • the process of the invention is applicable to the manufacture of numerous composite products such as castings, wire, strip, plates and tubes, with single plating, or double plating, or plating limited to certain parts of the desired final product.
  • a process for the production of plated metal products comprising coating the clean surface to be plated of a first metal piece with a layer of a derivative of ethylene, in which the hydrogen atoms are replaced by atoms of the group comprising fluorine and chlorine and casting a second metal adjacent to said surface so that said layer decomposes close to the liquid front of said second metal releasing volatile organic compounds.
  • a process according to claim 12, wherein said anti-stick product is chromium oxide.
  • a process for plating a cast piece which comprises coating the surface of said piece to be plated with an organic substance which decomposes by pyrolysis to release volatile non oxidizing compositions, and then casting the plating metal to occupy the space left between the mould and the piece.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Investigating And Analyzing Materials By Characteristic Methods (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
US78689A 1969-10-10 1970-10-07 Process for manufacturing plated products Expired - Lifetime US3695337A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR6934722A FR2062105A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1969-10-10 1969-10-10

Publications (1)

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US3695337A true US3695337A (en) 1972-10-03

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US78689A Expired - Lifetime US3695337A (en) 1969-10-10 1970-10-07 Process for manufacturing plated products

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US (1) US3695337A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE756730A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2049757B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2062105A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1266637A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
LU (1) LU61840A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7014852A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE365144B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5124554A (ja) * 1974-08-26 1976-02-27 Fuji Kogyosho Kk Kuratsudokohan
JPS5240433A (en) * 1975-09-26 1977-03-29 Kawasaki Steel Co Manufacture of composite metals block
JPS5240434A (en) * 1975-09-26 1977-03-29 Kawasaki Steel Co Manufacture of laminar composite metal plates
US4102033A (en) * 1977-03-21 1978-07-25 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Method of producing layer-like clad metal materials
US5394930A (en) * 1990-09-17 1995-03-07 Kennerknecht; Steven Casting method for metal matrix composite castings
US5529109A (en) * 1988-11-10 1996-06-25 Lanxide Technology Company, Lp Flotation process for the formation of metal matrix composite bodies
US20040031582A1 (en) * 2000-12-20 2004-02-19 Mika Isokyto Method for the manufacture of layered metal product slabs and layered metal product slabs
CN107931571A (zh) * 2017-10-25 2018-04-20 重庆檀科科技有限公司 十字头合金层浇注工艺
CN111390142A (zh) * 2020-03-20 2020-07-10 辽宁科技大学 一种双金属复合板坯或板材的制备方法
US10882106B2 (en) 2014-11-19 2021-01-05 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Method for producing a composite material
CN114309545A (zh) * 2021-12-01 2022-04-12 中国船舶重工集团公司第十二研究所 行星轮轴承外圆合金层浇注模具

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2248148A1 (de) * 1972-09-30 1974-04-18 Kloeckner Werke Ag Verfahren zur metallplattierung
JPS58209464A (ja) * 1982-05-28 1983-12-06 Japan Steel Works Ltd:The 層状複合金属板素材の製造方法
DE3807347A1 (de) * 1988-03-05 1989-09-14 Werner Schatz Formkoerper aus mehreren metallschichten sowie verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
FR2632977A1 (fr) * 1988-06-21 1989-12-22 Ugine Savoie Sa Procede et dispositif de fabrication d'un produit composite polymetallique multicouches par coulee autour d'une insert, suspendu dans une lingotiere
DE19807688C2 (de) * 1998-02-25 2003-06-26 Daimler Chrysler Ag Verwendung einer chromfreien Konversionslösung auf Zirkonbasis als Schutzfilm auf einzugießenden Leichtmetall-Rohlingen einer Zylinderlaufbüchse

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2042800A (en) * 1929-03-09 1936-06-02 Kalif Corp Process and apparatus for making bearings
US2094538A (en) * 1934-11-15 1937-09-28 Borg Warner Method of casting composite metal ingots
US2291026A (en) * 1939-12-26 1942-07-28 Clad Metals Ind Inc Method of producing composite metal products
US2398529A (en) * 1944-08-15 1946-04-16 Copperweld Steel Co Method of making bimetallic ingots
CA706803A (en) * 1965-03-30 E. Knapp William Methods of treating metal

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA706803A (en) * 1965-03-30 E. Knapp William Methods of treating metal
US2042800A (en) * 1929-03-09 1936-06-02 Kalif Corp Process and apparatus for making bearings
US2094538A (en) * 1934-11-15 1937-09-28 Borg Warner Method of casting composite metal ingots
US2291026A (en) * 1939-12-26 1942-07-28 Clad Metals Ind Inc Method of producing composite metal products
US2398529A (en) * 1944-08-15 1946-04-16 Copperweld Steel Co Method of making bimetallic ingots

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5124554A (ja) * 1974-08-26 1976-02-27 Fuji Kogyosho Kk Kuratsudokohan
JPS5240433A (en) * 1975-09-26 1977-03-29 Kawasaki Steel Co Manufacture of composite metals block
JPS5240434A (en) * 1975-09-26 1977-03-29 Kawasaki Steel Co Manufacture of laminar composite metal plates
US4102033A (en) * 1977-03-21 1978-07-25 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Method of producing layer-like clad metal materials
US5529109A (en) * 1988-11-10 1996-06-25 Lanxide Technology Company, Lp Flotation process for the formation of metal matrix composite bodies
US5394930A (en) * 1990-09-17 1995-03-07 Kennerknecht; Steven Casting method for metal matrix composite castings
US20040031582A1 (en) * 2000-12-20 2004-02-19 Mika Isokyto Method for the manufacture of layered metal product slabs and layered metal product slabs
US7024750B2 (en) * 2000-12-20 2006-04-11 Outokumpu Oyj Method for the manufacture of layered metal product slabs and layered metal product slabs
US10882106B2 (en) 2014-11-19 2021-01-05 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Method for producing a composite material
CN107931571A (zh) * 2017-10-25 2018-04-20 重庆檀科科技有限公司 十字头合金层浇注工艺
CN107931571B (zh) * 2017-10-25 2019-11-29 东阳市琰安建筑工程有限公司 十字头合金层浇注工艺
CN111390142A (zh) * 2020-03-20 2020-07-10 辽宁科技大学 一种双金属复合板坯或板材的制备方法
CN114309545A (zh) * 2021-12-01 2022-04-12 中国船舶重工集团公司第十二研究所 行星轮轴承外圆合金层浇注模具

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2049757C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-10-17
GB1266637A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-03-15
LU61840A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-05-02
NL7014852A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-04-14
DE2049757A1 (de) 1971-04-15
DE2049757B2 (de) 1974-03-07
BE756730A (fr) 1971-03-01
SE365144B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-03-18
FR2062105A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-06-25

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