US3694914A - Cryogenic connection for the transmission of high electric power and method of manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Cryogenic connection for the transmission of high electric power and method of manufacture thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
US3694914A
US3694914A US178614A US3694914DA US3694914A US 3694914 A US3694914 A US 3694914A US 178614 A US178614 A US 178614A US 3694914D A US3694914D A US 3694914DA US 3694914 A US3694914 A US 3694914A
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United States
Prior art keywords
enclosure
internal
external
screen
thermal
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Expired - Lifetime
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US178614A
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English (en)
Inventor
Marcel Aupoix
Andre Culand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Air Liquide SA
Alcatel Lucent SAS
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
Compagnie Generale dElectricite SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B12/00—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines
    • H01B12/14—Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines characterised by the disposition of thermal insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S505/00—Superconductor technology: apparatus, material, process
    • Y10S505/825—Apparatus per se, device per se, or process of making or operating same
    • Y10S505/917—Mechanically manufacturing superconductor
    • Y10S505/928—Metal deforming
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49014—Superconductor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
    • Y10T29/49204—Contact or terminal manufacturing
    • Y10T29/49208—Contact or terminal manufacturing by assembling plural parts
    • Y10T29/49218—Contact or terminal manufacturing by assembling plural parts with deforming
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
    • Y10T29/49204—Contact or terminal manufacturing
    • Y10T29/49208—Contact or terminal manufacturing by assembling plural parts
    • Y10T29/4922—Contact or terminal manufacturing by assembling plural parts with molding of insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49879—Spaced wall tube or receptacle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49904—Assembling a subassembly, then assembling with a second subassembly

Definitions

  • Cryogenic connections comprise at least one layer formed of a plurality of equidistant conductors which are helically disposed in cylindrical and concentric layers.
  • Each conductor is formed of a tube consisting of electrically conductive material, through which a cryogenic fluid is passed.
  • the external layer is surrounded by a metallic thermal screen which is cooled by means of a cryogenic fluid flowing through ducts in good thermal contact with the screen.
  • This screen is in turn surrounded by a thermal insulator, which is itself surrounded by a fluid-tight enclosure. Means of the enclosure.
  • the internal layer is disposed on a tube and the various layers are electrically insulated, each by a wound-on tape of electrically insulating material.
  • cryogenic connection gives good results, but difficulties arise in putting it into operation, especially when it is of very large length.
  • a line for the transmission of electric power by cryogenic connection consists of sections, which are assembled together to reach the desired length of time.
  • the various screens or enclosures must have sufficient thickness to resist the mechanical stresses which are exerted on the cryogenic connection when it is being laid and even when it is in position, so that it is very costly.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a cryogenic connection which can have a considerable unit length.
  • the invention concerns notably a method of manu- "facturing a cryogenic connection of great length
  • this cryogenic connection comprising: a fluid-tight metallic internal enclosure adapted to carry a cryogenic fluid, a metallic thermal screen comprising cooling conduits and surrounding the aforesaid internal enclosure without any direct mechanical contact therewith, a metallic external enclosure, separate from the thermal screen, the space between the internal enclosure and the external enclosure being free from gas, a thermal insulator occupying a part of the space between the metallic thermal screen and the external enclosure, an internal suspension system for suspending the internal enclosure in the thermal screen, and an external suspension system for suspending the thermal screen in the external enclosure, the said internal and external enclosures and the said thermal screen each forming a prismatic surface having lateral faces of great length, the said prismatic surfaces which constitute the said internal and external enclosures being sealed in fluid-tight manner, each along one of its longitudinal edges, those portions of the two lateral faces which are situated on either side of the said edge being partially flattened and joined together in fluid-tight manner, and the said thermal screen consisting of a lower portion and an upper
  • a stage for the preformation of the said external enclosure which comprises:
  • a bending of a metal strip for preforming the lateral faces of the said external enclosure the width of this strip being at least equal to the periphery of the said enclosure plus that of the said flattened portions situated on either side of the said edge of the said external enclosure, a partial flattening of the edges of the said strip in such manner as to preform the said flattened portions of the said external enclosure,
  • a stage for the preformation of the said thermal screen which comprises:
  • a bending of a metal strip for preforming the lateral faces of the said internal enclosure the length of the said strip being at least equal to the periphery of the said enclosure, plus that of the said flattened portions situated on either side of the said edge of the said internal enclosure, a partial flattening of the edges of the said strip to preform the said flattened portions of the said internal enclosure,
  • a stage comprising:
  • a stage comprising:
  • a stage comprising:
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view in perspective and in section of one embodiment of a cryogenic connection, comprising notably an internal enclosure and an external enclosure,
  • FIG. 2 is a view in perspective and in section of another embodiment of a cryogenic connection according to the invention, comprising notably an internal enclosure, an external enclosure and a thermal screen.
  • FIGS. 3 to are sectional views showing the results obtained after the successive stages of the method according to the invention, up to the completion of the cryogenic connection according to FIG. 2,
  • FIGS. 11a, 11b, and 110 are views in perspective and in section, illustrating the successive stages in the production of the cooling conduits incorporated in the thermal screen.
  • an internal enclosure 101 which is metallic and fluid-tight, and consists of stainless steel, for example, can carry a cryogenic fluid in a conduit 102 which it forms and within which there are disposed electrical conductors 103.
  • the number of such conductors is limited to three in the figure only by way of example.
  • An external enclosure 104 which is also metallic and fluid-tight and which may be made of steel covered by an anti-corrosion coating, is disposed around the internal enclosure 101, a thermal insulator 105 occupying a part of the space between these two enclosures. This space may also be exhausted in order to ensure a better thermal insulating by appropriate means connected to a branch pipe 11 l.
  • the thermal insulation 105 may be, for example, an alumina-based superinsulating powder.
  • Each of the enclosures is of prismatic form and of great length, the cross section of each enclosure being of triangular form in the exemplified embodiment.
  • each enclosure is sealed along a longitudinal edge of this surface, shown at 116 in the case of the external enclosure and at 117 in the case of the internal enclosure.
  • Two lateral faces are partially flattened (107 and 108 in the case of the external enclosure, and 118 and 119 in the case of the internal enclosure), applied one against the other and fixed by welds, namely spot welds 109 and 114 for ensuring mechanical rigidity and continuous welds 110 and 115 for ensuring fluid-tightness of this enclosure.
  • Grooves 113 and 120 have also been provided to increase the mechanical rigidity.
  • the welds 109 and 114 are shown level with the grooves. In a variant, they may be situated elsewhere.
  • each of the longitudinal faces of each enclosure is formed with regularly spaced indentations such as 112 and 121 in order to improve the mechanical rigidity.
  • the internal enclosure 101 is suspended in the external enclosure 104 by means of suspension cables 106, which may consist, for example, of stainless steel.
  • suspension cables 106 which may consist, for example, of stainless steel.
  • the said cable is provided with beads 106' which render possible the displacement of the internal enclosure in the external enclosure when the assembly is cooled. This system is necessary to permit longitudinal expansion of the internal enclosure.
  • the fluid flowing through the internal enclosure may be, for example, liquid nitrogen in the case of a hyperconducting cryogenic cable.
  • FIG. 2 is a view in perspective and in section of a cryogenic connection comprising notably an internal enclosure, an external enclosure and a thermal screen.
  • a fluid-tight metallic internal enclosure 1 for example of stainless steel, can carry a cryogenic fluid in a conduit 2 which it forms and within which there are disposed electric conductors 3.
  • the number of such conductors is limited to three in the figure only by way of example.
  • a metallic thermal screen 4 for example of aluminum, surrounds the said internal enclosure.
  • a vacuum may also be produced between the internal enclosure and the external enclosure by means connected to the branch pipes 17 and 18.
  • the internal and external enclosures and the screen have a cross section whose envelope is triangular. These enclosures and the screen have the form of a prismatic surface of great length. Each of the enclosures is sealed along a longitudinal edge of the prismatic surface, shown at 11 in the case of the external enclosure and at 12 in the case of the internal enclosure.
  • the thermal screen 4 consists of two parts, a first lower part 29 and a second upper part 19, assembled with the first.
  • the external and internal enclosures are formed with indentations such as 20 and 21 in their longitudinal faces, these indentations being regularly spaced apart so as to improve the mechanical rigidity.
  • the thermal screen 4 comprises incorporated conduits 22 adapted to carry a cryogenic fluid. These conduits may be obtained, for example, by expansion under pressure by a method known as roll bond.” Suspension cables 9, which may consist of stainless steel, for example, and beads 10, which may consist of polytetrafluoroethylene, are provided for the suspension of the thermal cable 4 in the external enclosure 5. The same is the case with the suspension of the internal enclosure 1 in the thermal screen 4 by means of the cables 7 and the beads 8. These suspension systems are necessary when the assembly is being cooled and they permit longitudinal expansion of the screen and of the internal enclosure. This cryogenic connection may be superconductive. The cryogenic fluids employed may several hundred meters in length, corresponding to the possibilities of transport of the cables on drums.
  • FIGS. 3 to illustrate the successive stages of the method of manufacturing a cryogenic connection of great length, directly on the ground on which it is laid.
  • Corresponding elements in these figures and in the aforesaid FIG. 2 bear like references.
  • FIG. 3 diagrammatically illustrates a first stage of the method.
  • a roll of sheet steel of great length of which the width is equal to the periphery of the external enclosure 5, is unrolled on the ground on which the cryogenic connection is to be laid, so as to form a continuous strip.
  • An appropriate machine traveling along this strip forms the indentations 20, the partially flattened faces 13 and 14 and the stiffening grooves 27 and imparts to the external enclosure its initial form as illustrated in the figure.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic view of a second stage of the method.
  • This stage comprises the laying on the ground of a strip, for example of aluminum, whose length is equal to that of the aforesaid strip and whose width is equal to the periphery of the first lower portion of the thermal screen.
  • the appropriate machine travels along this strip and imparts thereto the form of the first lower portion 29 of the thermal screen illustrated in the figure, while the conduit 22 is formed by a method which may be of the roll bond type, which is carried out by expansion under pressure. This method of expansion under pressure will be described in the following with reference to FIG. 1 l.
  • the cable 9 is positioned with its polytetrafluoroethylene beads 10 and the first lower portion 29 of the thermal screen, which is then laid on these suspension means.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view of a third stage of the method.
  • a stainless steel strip whose width is equal to the periphery of the internal enclosure 1 is unrolled on the ground. With the aid of the appropriate machine, there is imparted thereto a first form as illustrated in the figure, with the additional formation of the indentations 21, of the flattened faces 28 and 24 and of the grooves 26.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagrammatic view of a fourth stage of the method with conductors 3, in the interior of the said first form of the internal enclosure 1.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagrammatic view of a fifth stage of the method, comprising the closing of the internal enclosure 1, by bringing together the partially flattened faces 23 and 24, and making the spot welds for the mechanical rigidity and the continuous weld 28 for the fluid-tightness.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagrammatic view of a sixth stage of the method.
  • the conduits 22 are formed, for example by expansion under pressure by a method of the roll bond type, and this second upper portion of the thermal screen is given its final form with the aid of the appropriate machine.
  • the internal enclosure 1 is then attached to the last upper portion 19 of the thermal screen by means of the suspension system comprising the cable 7 and the polytetrafluoroethylene beads 8.
  • FIG. 9 is a view in perspective of a seventh stage of the method.
  • the internal enclosure suspended from the second upper portion 19 is lowered into the first form of the external enclosure 5, in such a manner that the second upper portion 19 is assembled with the first lower portion 29 of the thermal screen.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagrammatic view of an eighth stage of the method.
  • the thermal insulation 6 is deposited, the branch pipes 17 and 18 are positioned for the purpose of making the vacuum, and the external enclosure 5 is then closed by bringing together the partially flattened faces 13 and 14 and making the spot welds l5 and the continuous weld 16 for the fluid-tightness.
  • FIGS. 11a, 11b, and 11c diagrammatically illustrate the successive stages of the expansion of a conduit 22 of the thermal screen of FIG. 2. This is an example of the application of the method of the roll bond type.
  • FIG. 11a is a diagrammatic view in section of a portion of an aluminum strip unrolled on the ground on which the cryogenic connection is to be laid, a cryogenic fluid conduit having to be provided on this portion of the strip.
  • This strip is made, for example, of two aluminum sheets 201 and 202. These two sheets are wleded by rolling. An ink 203 has been deposited on one of the sheets before the rolling. This special ink prevents the welding of the sheets at the place where it is deposited, i.e., in the present instance at the predetermined location of the conduit to be formed.
  • FIG. 11b illustrates a pre-expansion operation carried out under gas pressure on the unwelded portion 204 of the two sheets. These two sheets move apart slightly as a function of the thickness chosen for the shims 207 and 208, maintained by the plates 205 and 206, subjected to clamping forces represented by the arrows 209 and 210.
  • FIG. 11c illustrates the final operation of expanding the conduit, so as to give it its final form.
  • Shims 211 and 212 are chosen as a function of the desired height of the conduit, the pressure being higher than in the preceding operation.
  • a fluid-tight metallic internal enclosure adapted to carry a cryogenic fluid
  • a metallic thermal screen comprising cooling conduits and surrounding the aforesaid internal enclosure without any direct mechanical contact therewith
  • thermal insulator occupying a part of the space between the metallic thermal screen and the external enclosure
  • an internal suspension system for suspending the internal enclosure in the thermal screen
  • an external suspension system for suspending the thermal screen in the external enclosure the said internal and external enclosures and the said thermal screen each forming a prismatic surface having lateral faces of great length, the said prismatic surfaces which constitute the said internal and external enclosures being sealed in a fluid-tight manner, each along one of its longitudinal edges, those portions of the two lateral faces which are situated on either side of the said edge being partially flattened and joined together in fluid-tight manner, and the said thermal screen consisting of a lower portion and an upper portion which are assembled together, the method of manufacture of said connection comprising the steps of:
  • preforming the said external enclosure including bending a metal strip for preforming the lateral faces of the said external enclosure, the width of this strip being at least equal to the periphery of the said enclosure plus that of the said flattened portions situated on either side of the said edge of the said external enclosure, partially flattening the edges of the said strip in such manner as to preform the said flattened portions of the said external enclosure,
  • preforming the said thermal screen including forming the said lower portion with an incorporated cooling conduit and positioning of the said lower portion in the preformed external enclosure by means of the said external suspension system, shaping the said internal enclosure, including: bending a metal strip for preforming the lateral faces of the said internal enclosure, the length of the said strip being at least equal to the periphery of the said enclosure plus that of the said flattened portions situated on either side of the said edge of thesaid internal enclosure and partially flattening the edges of the said strip to preform the said flattened portions of the said internal enclosure,
  • Method of manufacture characterized in that it further comprises the step of inserting means for producing vacuum between the said internal and external enclosures.
  • Method according to claim 1 characterized in that it further comprises the step of forming indentations in the lateral faces of the said internal enclosure to increase their rigidity.
  • Method according to claim 1 characterized in that it further comprises the step of forming indentations in the lateral faces of the said external enclosure the increase their rigidity.

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  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)
US178614A 1970-09-08 1971-09-08 Cryogenic connection for the transmission of high electric power and method of manufacture thereof Expired - Lifetime US3694914A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7032584A FR2105463A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-09-08 1970-09-08

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US3694914A true US3694914A (en) 1972-10-03

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US (1) US3694914A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE771926A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA920719A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2144928A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2105463A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1341718A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7112006A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3808351A (en) * 1972-03-31 1974-04-30 Comp Generale Electricite Improved cryogenic connection
US4343298A (en) * 1979-05-28 1982-08-10 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Collector for solar boiler with linear concentration
US5237738A (en) * 1989-11-20 1993-08-24 Advanced Cryo Magnetics, Inc. Method of manufacturing a containment vessel for use with a pulsed magnet system
US20160141079A1 (en) * 2014-11-14 2016-05-19 Novum Industria Llc Field Makeable Cryostat/Current Connections For An HTS Tape Power Cable
US11363741B2 (en) 2020-11-18 2022-06-14 VEIR, Inc. Systems and methods for cooling of superconducting power transmission lines
US11373784B2 (en) 2020-11-18 2022-06-28 VEIR, Inc. Conductor systems for suspended or underground transmission lines
US11581109B2 (en) 2020-11-18 2023-02-14 VEIR, Inc. Suspended superconducting transmission lines

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3137028B1 (fr) 2022-06-28 2024-07-12 Faurecia Sieges Dautomobile Siège suspendu

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US650987A (en) * 1899-06-27 1900-06-05 Oscar Patric Ostergren Electric conductor.
US3343035A (en) * 1963-03-08 1967-09-19 Ibm Superconducting electrical power transmission systems
US3397720A (en) * 1964-10-23 1968-08-20 Hitco Multiple layer insulation for a cryogenic structure
US3431347A (en) * 1966-06-24 1969-03-04 Siemens Ag Cryostats for low-temperature cables
US3522361A (en) * 1967-04-29 1970-07-28 Siemens Ag Electrical installation for parallel-connected superconductors
US3600498A (en) * 1968-12-26 1971-08-17 Campagnie General D Electricit Superconductive cable for carrying either alternating or direct current
US3604832A (en) * 1969-07-25 1971-09-14 Siemens Ag Coaxial arrangement of tubular members, and spacer structure for such arrangements

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US650987A (en) * 1899-06-27 1900-06-05 Oscar Patric Ostergren Electric conductor.
US3343035A (en) * 1963-03-08 1967-09-19 Ibm Superconducting electrical power transmission systems
US3397720A (en) * 1964-10-23 1968-08-20 Hitco Multiple layer insulation for a cryogenic structure
US3431347A (en) * 1966-06-24 1969-03-04 Siemens Ag Cryostats for low-temperature cables
US3522361A (en) * 1967-04-29 1970-07-28 Siemens Ag Electrical installation for parallel-connected superconductors
US3600498A (en) * 1968-12-26 1971-08-17 Campagnie General D Electricit Superconductive cable for carrying either alternating or direct current
US3604832A (en) * 1969-07-25 1971-09-14 Siemens Ag Coaxial arrangement of tubular members, and spacer structure for such arrangements

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3808351A (en) * 1972-03-31 1974-04-30 Comp Generale Electricite Improved cryogenic connection
US4343298A (en) * 1979-05-28 1982-08-10 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Collector for solar boiler with linear concentration
US5237738A (en) * 1989-11-20 1993-08-24 Advanced Cryo Magnetics, Inc. Method of manufacturing a containment vessel for use with a pulsed magnet system
US20160141079A1 (en) * 2014-11-14 2016-05-19 Novum Industria Llc Field Makeable Cryostat/Current Connections For An HTS Tape Power Cable
US9875826B2 (en) * 2014-11-14 2018-01-23 Novum Industria Llc Field makeable cryostat/current connections for an HTS tape power cable
US11363741B2 (en) 2020-11-18 2022-06-14 VEIR, Inc. Systems and methods for cooling of superconducting power transmission lines
US11373784B2 (en) 2020-11-18 2022-06-28 VEIR, Inc. Conductor systems for suspended or underground transmission lines
US11538607B2 (en) 2020-11-18 2022-12-27 VEIR, Inc. Conductor systems for suspended or underground transmission lines
US11540419B2 (en) 2020-11-18 2022-12-27 VEIR, Inc. Systems and methods for cooling of superconducting power transmission lines
US11581109B2 (en) 2020-11-18 2023-02-14 VEIR, Inc. Suspended superconducting transmission lines
US11908593B2 (en) 2020-11-18 2024-02-20 VEIR, Inc. Conductor systems for suspended or underground transmission lines
US12020831B2 (en) 2020-11-18 2024-06-25 VEIR, Inc. Suspended superconducting transmission lines
US12232298B2 (en) 2020-11-18 2025-02-18 VEIR, Inc. Systems and methods for cooling of superconducting power transmission lines

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE771926A (fr) 1972-02-29
GB1341718A (en) 1973-12-25
DE2144928A1 (de) 1972-03-16
FR2105463A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-04-28
NL7112006A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-03-10
CA920719A (en) 1973-02-06

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