US3694158A - Process for the simultaneous determination of glucose and fructose - Google Patents
Process for the simultaneous determination of glucose and fructose Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3694158A US3694158A US14706A US3694158DA US3694158A US 3694158 A US3694158 A US 3694158A US 14706 A US14706 A US 14706A US 3694158D A US3694158D A US 3694158DA US 3694158 A US3694158 A US 3694158A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fructose
- glucose
- solutions
- simultaneous determination
- refractive index
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 title abstract description 52
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 52
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 title abstract description 52
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 title abstract description 50
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 21
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 title description 36
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 229960004903 invert sugar Drugs 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- PJVXUVWGSCCGHT-ZPYZYFCMSA-N (2r,3s,4r,5r)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;(3s,4r,5r)-1,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexan-2-one Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(=O)CO PJVXUVWGSCCGHT-ZPYZYFCMSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241001664469 Tibicina haematodes Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013375 chromatographic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019534 high fructose corn syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/21—Polarisation-affecting properties
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/02—Food
- G01N33/14—Beverages
- G01N33/143—Beverages containing sugar
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/14—Heterocyclic carbon compound [i.e., O, S, N, Se, Te, as only ring hetero atom]
- Y10T436/142222—Hetero-O [e.g., ascorbic acid, etc.]
- Y10T436/143333—Saccharide [e.g., DNA, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
- Y10T436/14—Heterocyclic carbon compound [i.e., O, S, N, Se, Te, as only ring hetero atom]
- Y10T436/142222—Hetero-O [e.g., ascorbic acid, etc.]
- Y10T436/143333—Saccharide [e.g., DNA, etc.]
- Y10T436/144444—Glucose
Definitions
- I50 A I a U1 GRAMS PER LITER 0 30 6O 90 :20 I50 I80 m [ ⁇ VEYTORS l6 LITERS PER HOUR KAF-eL L-AUER HELMUT SPINGLER B Y KARL-ERHARD WALLACF GEORG ST ECK Sept. 26, 1972 K. LAUER ETAL 3,694,158
- the present invention is concerned with a process for the simultaneous determination of glucose and fructose, and more particularly with the simultaneous determination, without delay, in warm (50 to 75 C.), aqueous solutions.
- the process of the type provided by the present invention is an essential requirement for being able to carry out, on a large scale, the separation of glucose and fructose on ion exchanger columns (c.f. US. Pat. No. 3,044,904 and US. patent application Ser. No. 569,362, filed Aug. 1, 1966, now abandoned. All previously used and known analytical procedures for the determination of glucose and fructose cannot be used for the abovementioned purpose because the determination of the two components in a continuously operating process is too complicated and, in particular, is too laborious.
- an object of the invention to provide a simple, quick and continuous determination of glucose and fructose in eluates derived from ion exchange columns, in which an invert sugar solution has been separated into its components.
- Another object of this invention is a process for the simultaneous determination of glucose and fructose in eluates derived from ion exchange columns, wherein the analytical data can be achieved in the form of proportional voltages.
- a further object of this invention is a process for the determination of glucose and fructose which can be used for the automatic control of the flow of the eluates of ion exchange columns.
- glucose and fructose can be determined simultaneously from warm aqueous solutions thereof when the angle of rotation (at) and the refractive index (n) of these solutions are measured and the concentrations of the components calculated therefrom in known manner.
- the applicants herein have surprisingly found that this method of analysis can be relied on although the final optical rotation of glucose-fructose solutions is, upon cooling, only slowly adjusted (i.e. in 0.5-1 hour) (c.f.
- glucose and fructose can be determined simultaneously and substantially without delay by means of the refractive index and angle of rotation when the measurement of these two physical proper ties is not carried out, as is usual, at 20 C. but at a temperature which is the same as or higher than the temperature of the original solution.
- the adjustment of the optical rotation then takes place so quickly that the values obtained can even be used, via an automatic computer, for example, an analogue computer, for the automatic control of the separating column.
- these continuously operating devices also permit the measurement results to be taken off simultaneously as proportional voltages which can be fed into an automatic computer, preferably a programcontrolled computer, the results of which can be used for controlling the whole plant, or can be supplied to multicolor recording apparatus, the results then being obtained in the form of a diagram.
- FIG. 1 shows such a new nomogram for evaluating the amounts of fructose and glucose in a 60 C. warm aqueous solution by means of the angle of rotation and the refractive index at 60 C. being achieved by a series of calibration values at 60 C.;
- FIG. 2 shows a diagram which was prepared from a series of single evaluations according to this invention by means of the nomogram, of the sugar content of the effluent of an ion exchange resin column separating fructose and glucose at 60 C., and
- FIG. 3 shows a diagram which was prepared from an analogous series of single evaluations as in FIG. 2, the measurement however being done at 20 C. by prior cooling of the eflluent to 20 C. and using a 20 C. nomogram.
- the fructose seems still to contain substantially high amounts of glucose, though as can be shown by checking this result by means of conventional analysis, the fructose fractions contain less or no glucose.
- the process according to the present invention is, of course, not only suitable for the analysis of eluates of invert sugar solutions separated on ion exchangers (for example according to US. Pat. No. 3,044,904 and copending US. application Ser. No. 569,362 according to German patent application No. B 83,146 IVa/89i), but is, in principle, suitable for the analysis of all warm sugar solutions on a technically satisfactory scale.
- EXAMPLE 1 Discontinuous, rapid determination of glucose and froctose in eluates from an ion exchanger column
- EXAMPLE 2 For comparison, the sugar solution emerging from the column, before entering into the measuring devices, was passed through a cooler and thus cooled to exactly 20 C. The refractive index and optical rotation were read oif every 10 minutes and evaluated by means of a nomogram calculated for 20 C. The values for glucose and fructose were, in the manner described above, incorporated into a graph (see FIG. 3 of the accompanying drawings); this showed that the fructose was apparently still contaminated with considerable amounts of glucose. The re-examination of this result with previously used but time-consuming analytical procedures for the determination of fructose and glucose showed that false results had clearly been obtained which were due to the slow adjsutment to the final optical rotation of the fructose.
- EXAMPLE 3 Measuring at higher temperatures than the temperatures of the eflluent of a chromatographic column
- EXAMPLE 4 Continuous, rapid determination of glucose and fructose in eluates from an ion exchanger column A part of the eluate emerging at a temperature of 60 C. from the end of an ion exchanger column was passed, via the shortest possible polyethylene tube, through a continuously registering polarimeter (Zeiss) and through a continuously registering refractograph (Zeiss), from which the measurement values could also be taken off in the form of a proportional voltage. The current of liquid was subsequently again returned to the main current of the eluate.
- Zeiss continuously registering polarimeter
- Zeiss continuously registering refractograph
- the measurement voltages of the polarimeter and of the refractograph were fed into an analogue computor (Zeiss) which gave the concentrations of glucose and fructose, with the help of a multi-color recording device, as a continuous elution diagram similar to that in FIG. 2.
- valves were operated which directed into three separate containers the fractions which follow one another, i.e. glucose, glucose+fructose, fructose, fructose-l-glucose, glucose, etc.
- the solutions in question were passed into a collecting vessel for mixed fractions which were mixed with fresh invert sugar and subsequently again passed through the separating column.
- the fractions consisting of pure fructose solution and pure glucose solution were worked up separately in the conventional manner, for example by evaporation and crystallization.
- Process for the continuous and simultaneous determination of glucose and fructose in an aqueous solution thereof having a temperature of about 50 to about 75 C. comprising measuring the optical rotation and refractive index of said solution by means of a continuously registering polarimeter and refractograph, and relating said measurements to the concentrations of both glucose and fructose in said solution.
- Process for the continuous and simultaneous determination of glucose and fructose in an aqueous solution thereof having a temperature of about 50 to about 75 0. comprising measuring of the optical rotation and refractive index of said solution by means of a continuously registering polarimeter and refractograph, using the optical rotation and refractive index measurements, respectively, to calculate therefrom the concentrations of glucose and fructose, respectively in said solution by comparison of such measurements with measurements of a known sample or known samples.
- Process according to claim 5 which comprises utilizing said signals in a data processing system which in turn is adapted to control the manufacture of said glucose and fructose in aqueous solution.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEB0084982 | 1965-12-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3694158A true US3694158A (en) | 1972-09-26 |
Family
ID=6982694
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US14706A Expired - Lifetime US3694158A (en) | 1965-12-15 | 1970-02-20 | Process for the simultaneous determination of glucose and fructose |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3694158A (en, 2012) |
| JP (1) | JPS5313989B1 (en, 2012) |
| AT (1) | AT273545B (en, 2012) |
| BE (1) | BE818037Q (en, 2012) |
| CH (1) | CH444527A (en, 2012) |
| DE (1) | DE1598082B2 (en, 2012) |
| FI (1) | FI48018C (en, 2012) |
| FR (1) | FR1508973A (en, 2012) |
| GB (1) | GB1095210A (en, 2012) |
| NL (1) | NL152985B (en, 2012) |
| SE (1) | SE323539B (en, 2012) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3826905A (en) * | 1971-10-27 | 1974-07-30 | Suomen Sokeri Oy | Methods and apparatus for providing automatic control of chromatographic fractionating processes |
| US4102646A (en) * | 1977-04-06 | 1978-07-25 | Sleeter Ronald T | Quantitative analysis of carbohydrates by infrared spectroscopy |
| US4155774A (en) * | 1977-08-09 | 1979-05-22 | Randolph Ellwood A | Process for controlling the rate of growth of particulate masses |
| US4182633A (en) * | 1976-12-21 | 1980-01-08 | Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Limited | Process of the operation of a simulated moving bed |
| US4278438A (en) * | 1978-04-20 | 1981-07-14 | Willem Walraven | Method and apparatus for analysis of saccharides |
| US6093326A (en) * | 1993-01-26 | 2000-07-25 | Danisco Finland Oy | Method for the fractionation of molasses |
| US6214125B1 (en) | 1994-09-30 | 2001-04-10 | Danisco Finland Oy | Fractionation method for sucrose-containing solutions |
| US6224776B1 (en) | 1996-05-24 | 2001-05-01 | Cultor Corporation | Method for fractionating a solution |
| US6663780B2 (en) | 1993-01-26 | 2003-12-16 | Danisco Finland Oy | Method for the fractionation of molasses |
| US6896811B2 (en) | 2001-05-09 | 2005-05-24 | Danisco Sweeteners Oy | Chromatographic separation method |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3609324A (en) * | 1968-02-10 | 1971-09-28 | Zeiss Stiftung | Method and apparatus for measuring the purity ratio of intermediate products in sugar manufacture |
| DE1962864C2 (de) * | 1968-12-30 | 1982-09-09 | Központi Elelmiszeripari Kutató Intézet, Budapest | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Zusammensetzung von Stoffgemischen bezüglich deren Bestandteile |
| US3724957A (en) * | 1971-03-04 | 1973-04-03 | Yokogawa Electric Works Ltd | Concentration measuring apparatus |
| DE19545018A1 (de) * | 1995-12-02 | 1997-06-05 | Marcel Kastler | Computergesteuertes Polarimeter zur Drehwinkelbeobachtung von Reaktionen unter konstanten Versuchsbedingungen |
| US8092609B2 (en) | 2007-02-05 | 2012-01-10 | European Sugar Holdings S.A.R.L. | Sucrose inversion process |
-
1965
- 1965-12-15 DE DE19651598082 patent/DE1598082B2/de active Pending
-
1966
- 1966-08-02 CH CH1114766A patent/CH444527A/de unknown
- 1966-08-02 GB GB34622/66A patent/GB1095210A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-08-03 FI FI662042A patent/FI48018C/fi active
- 1966-08-04 NL NL666610982A patent/NL152985B/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1966-08-04 FR FR72043A patent/FR1508973A/fr not_active Expired
- 1966-08-04 SE SE10599/66A patent/SE323539B/xx unknown
- 1966-08-04 AT AT748366A patent/AT273545B/de active
- 1966-08-05 JP JP5151066A patent/JPS5313989B1/ja active Pending
-
1970
- 1970-02-20 US US14706A patent/US3694158A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1974
- 1974-07-24 BE BE146895A patent/BE818037Q/xx active
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3826905A (en) * | 1971-10-27 | 1974-07-30 | Suomen Sokeri Oy | Methods and apparatus for providing automatic control of chromatographic fractionating processes |
| US4182633A (en) * | 1976-12-21 | 1980-01-08 | Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Limited | Process of the operation of a simulated moving bed |
| US4102646A (en) * | 1977-04-06 | 1978-07-25 | Sleeter Ronald T | Quantitative analysis of carbohydrates by infrared spectroscopy |
| US4155774A (en) * | 1977-08-09 | 1979-05-22 | Randolph Ellwood A | Process for controlling the rate of growth of particulate masses |
| US4278438A (en) * | 1978-04-20 | 1981-07-14 | Willem Walraven | Method and apparatus for analysis of saccharides |
| US6663780B2 (en) | 1993-01-26 | 2003-12-16 | Danisco Finland Oy | Method for the fractionation of molasses |
| US6187204B1 (en) | 1993-01-26 | 2001-02-13 | Danisco Finland Oy | Method for the fractionation of molasses |
| US6649066B2 (en) | 1993-01-26 | 2003-11-18 | Danisco Finland Oy | Method for the fractionation of molasses |
| US6093326A (en) * | 1993-01-26 | 2000-07-25 | Danisco Finland Oy | Method for the fractionation of molasses |
| US6214125B1 (en) | 1994-09-30 | 2001-04-10 | Danisco Finland Oy | Fractionation method for sucrose-containing solutions |
| US6482268B2 (en) | 1994-09-30 | 2002-11-19 | Danisco Finland Oy | Fractionation method for sucrose-containing solutions |
| US6685781B2 (en) | 1994-09-30 | 2004-02-03 | Danisco Sweeteners Oy | Fractionation method for sucrose-containing solutions |
| US6224776B1 (en) | 1996-05-24 | 2001-05-01 | Cultor Corporation | Method for fractionating a solution |
| US6572775B2 (en) | 1996-05-24 | 2003-06-03 | Cultor Corporation | Method for fractionating a solution |
| US6875349B2 (en) | 1996-05-24 | 2005-04-05 | Cultor Corporation | Method for fractionating a solution |
| US6896811B2 (en) | 2001-05-09 | 2005-05-24 | Danisco Sweeteners Oy | Chromatographic separation method |
| US7229558B2 (en) | 2001-05-09 | 2007-06-12 | Danisco Sweeteners Oy | Chromatographic separation method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE1598082A1 (de) | 1970-04-09 |
| SE323539B (en, 2012) | 1970-05-04 |
| JPS5313989B1 (en, 2012) | 1978-05-13 |
| CH444527A (de) | 1967-09-30 |
| NL6610982A (en, 2012) | 1967-06-16 |
| AT273545B (de) | 1969-08-11 |
| FI48018C (fi) | 1977-07-08 |
| FI48018B (en, 2012) | 1974-01-31 |
| DE1598082B2 (de) | 1972-04-06 |
| BE818037Q (fr) | 1975-01-24 |
| FR1508973A (fr) | 1968-01-12 |
| GB1095210A (en) | 1967-12-13 |
| NL152985B (nl) | 1977-04-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US3694158A (en) | Process for the simultaneous determination of glucose and fructose | |
| Belcher et al. | The determination of glucosamine | |
| Dienst | An ion exchange method for plasma ammonia concentration | |
| Nielsen | Determination of microgram quantities of fluoride | |
| áDe Whalley | Applications of paper chromatographic methods in the sugar and allied industries | |
| Hodgeson et al. | METHOD 552.2 Determination of haloacetic acids and dalapon in drinking water by liquid-liquid extraction, derivatization and gas chromatography with electron capture detection | |
| Patterson et al. | The use of selective desorption from carbon columns for the determination of dextrose and maltose in starch conversion products | |
| Westland et al. | Determination of nitrate in fresh water | |
| Kanzaki et al. | Colorimetric determination of methylcellulose with diphenylamine | |
| Rao et al. | Analysis of sugars using paper chromatography (Horizontal migration) | |
| Smith et al. | The determination of fluoride in urine | |
| King et al. | Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric determination of aluminum in blood serum | |
| JPS57147055A (en) | Method and apparatus for quantitative determination of cyanogen ion, thiocyanate ion or salts thereof by liquid chromatography | |
| US3607081A (en) | Reagent for determination of globulin | |
| Owen | The determination of boron by the use of quinalizarin | |
| Troupe et al. | Process Control Methods in Chlorination of Benzene | |
| Mockler et al. | Determination of citrulline in plasma | |
| Hansen | A micromethod for simultaneous determination of glucose and ketone bodies in blood and glycogen and ketone bodies in liver | |
| Singh et al. | Thin-layer chromatographic separation and colorimetric determination of rhamnose, quinovose, fucose and glucose | |
| Jacobs et al. | Determination of citric acid in serum and urine using Br82 | |
| Keen et al. | Separation of diacetyl, acetoin, and 2, 3-butylene glycol by ion-exchange chromatography | |
| Saif et al. | New sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of clomipramine-HCl in pure form and pharmaceutical preparations | |
| SU983541A1 (ru) | Способ определени сахара в крови | |
| Stewart | Low-Temperature Microcell for Infrared Study of Condensed Gases | |
| Meiklejohn et al. | Corrections-Characterization Of Long-Chain Fatty Acids By Infrared Spectros Copy |