US3692487A - Coagulometer capsule - Google Patents

Coagulometer capsule Download PDF

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Publication number
US3692487A
US3692487A US20340A US3692487DA US3692487A US 3692487 A US3692487 A US 3692487A US 20340 A US20340 A US 20340A US 3692487D A US3692487D A US 3692487DA US 3692487 A US3692487 A US 3692487A
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Prior art keywords
blood
capsule
coagulation
membrane
shaft
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US20340A
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Manuel Claude Sanz
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ICN Micromedic Systems Inc
Rohm and Haas Co
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Micromedic Systems Inc
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Assigned to ROHM & HAAS COMPANY reassignment ROHM & HAAS COMPANY MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MICROMEDIC SYSTEMS, INC.
Assigned to ROHM & HAAS COMPANY (MERGED WITH AND INTO) reassignment ROHM & HAAS COMPANY (MERGED WITH AND INTO) RE-RECORD OF AN INSTRUMENT RECORDED OCT. 6, 1980, REEL 3804, FRAMES 837-840, TO SHOW NEW OWNER OF SAID PATENTS Assignors: MICROMEDIC SYSTEMS, INC.
Assigned to ICN MICROMEDIC SYSTEMS, INC., 3300 HYLAND AVENUE, COSTA MESA, CALIFORNIA, 92626, A CORP OF CALIFORNIA reassignment ICN MICROMEDIC SYSTEMS, INC., 3300 HYLAND AVENUE, COSTA MESA, CALIFORNIA, 92626, A CORP OF CALIFORNIA ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: MICROMEDIC SYSTEMS, INC., A CORP OF DE.
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
    • G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
    • G01N33/487—Physical analysis of biological material of liquid biological material
    • G01N33/49—Blood
    • G01N33/4905—Determining clotting time of blood
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
    • G04F8/00—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by electromechanical means
    • G04F8/006—Apparatus for measuring unknown time intervals by electromechanical means running only during the time interval to be measured, e.g. stop-watch

Definitions

  • a two piece tubular capsule for conducting coagulation tests on blood and other liquids having three separate chambers, the first two communicating with each other, defined by two frangible membranes and a solid disc.
  • a shaft having a recessed stirring end is attached to the first membrane and cooperates with a stirring slug attached to said second membrane. The shaft is moved axially to break the second membrane and mix the liquids in each chamber. The shaft is then rotated relative to the body of the capsule to stir the mixed liquid to determine the coagulation time of the sample liquid being tested.
  • This invention provides a device for carrying out a blood test and a method of operating this device.
  • the coagulation of human blood is the result of a process of a particularly complex biochemical nature which calls into play a dozen components called factors, conventionally denoted by means of Roman numerals I, H, III, etc.
  • This detection is also of particular importance in respect of the treatment to be given to patients suffering from a thrombosis and to whom it is necessary to administer anticoagulants in a quantity which must clearly be determined after taking into account the abnormal factors which were the cause of the thrombosis.
  • the coagulation time is of the order of 10 to 15 seconds, according to the activity of the thromboplastine used.
  • a coagulation time greater than the value obtained with normal blood indicates a deficiency of one or more factors without, however, indicating which one; other kinds of tests enable these factors to be identified.
  • An object of the present invention is to obviate the above mentioned disadvantages.
  • 'It is a further object of this invention to provide a viscosimeter capsule wherein thrombokinase can be employed without problems of its instability being encountered.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a viscosity testing capsule wherein sodium citrate or oxalate and thrombokinase are combined within one chamber thereof.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide a blood coagulation testing capsule wherein a blood sample may be indefinitely stored prior to a coagulation test.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a capsule for containing a blood sample and the necessary solutions for determining the coagulation time of said sample.
  • the device provided by the present invention comprises a first enclosure containing a suspension of at least one blood coagulation factor in a solution of a blood anticoagulant and intended to receive a metered quantity of blood to be tested, a second enclosure containing a solution of a calcium salt, a passage connecting said first and second enclosures, and removable means for closing off said passage.
  • this device comprises introducing a metered quantity of blood into said first enclosure, heating the contents of both enclosures to a temperature of 37 C., removing said closing-off means to cause the contents of said first enclosure to mix with the contents of said second enclosure, and measuring the time taken by the resulting mixture to acquire by coagulation a predetermined degree of viscosity.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical section through one form of embodiment of the device provided by the invention.
  • FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 are cross-sections along lines II-II, IIIIII and IVIV, respectively, through the device illustrated in FIG. 1; a
  • FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 illustrate three successive phases of one method of operating the device illustrated in FIG.
  • FIGS 8, 9 and 10 are views similar to those of FIGS. to 7, and show a second method of operating the device illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the device shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 comprises two tubular elements 1 and 2, of plastic material, for example polyethylene or polypropylene, secured to one another by interengagement.
  • this device has a total length of about 2.5 cm. and an external diameter of about one centimeter.
  • element 1 is smooth over a first wall portion 1a and is formed with longitudinal ribs or flow impedance means over a second wall 1b, which is a continuation of the first and which is separated therefrom by an intermediate flange or ridge of triangular section.
  • This flange is secured, via a weak annular membrance 1d, to a frusto-conical stud 3a formed at the lower end of a rod 3 which is disposed inside element 1, co-axially therewith, and which extends to near the upper opening of this element.
  • the portion 3b of rod 3, adjacent the stud 3a has four faces and is of square cross-section.
  • a cylindrical recess 30 is formed in the underface of stud 3a.
  • the tubular element 2 is formed, on its internal surface, with a flange 2a or ridge of triangular section separating two adjacent wall portions 215 and 20 which are provided with internal ribs 211 or flow impedance means having a section and distribution similar to those of the ribs on wall portion 1b of element 1.
  • a disc 4 or slug having a frusto-conical edge and from the upper face of which projects a cylindrical peg 4a having a height greater than the depth of the recess 30 in rod 3 but slightly less than the axial length of the wall portion 211 of element 2; the diameter of peg 4a is less than that of the recess 3c and its upper end is rounded.
  • Peg 4a forms a gauge for measuring a quantity of blood being metered for testing, as will be explained later.
  • the internal surface of element 2 is cylindrical over a small length to form a seat 22 for a disc 5 force-fitted thereinto and abutting against the lower end of ribs 2h.
  • the disc 4 or slug, the wall portion 20 of element 2 and the disc 5 define within element 2 an enclosure E (FIGS. 1 and 5).
  • element 2 includes a wall portion formed with an internal surface which flares frusto-conically outwards at 21 followed by a cylindrical wall portion 2g, the diameter of the opening of this element at the level of the wall portion 2g being greater than the diameter of any other part of the opening of the device.
  • Enclosure E is partially filled with a suspension of a blood coagulation factor in a solution of blood anticoagulant.
  • a suspension of a blood coagulation factor in a solution of blood anticoagulant.
  • This could for instance be a suspension of thromboplastine in a solution of trisodium citrate.
  • the total amount of suspension required would be 20 1., the trisodium citrate being titrated at 0.87 g./ 100 ml. (0.025 mole).
  • the volume of enclosure E is equal to at least double the volume of the thromboplastine suspension since, in order to carry out the test, this enclosure is also intended to receive a quantity of blood equal to that of the suspension, i.e. equal to 20 ,ul. in the example being considered.
  • any calcium chloride solution is particularly stable and can thus be kept for a relatively long period of time; the same applies to any trisodium citrate solution.
  • thromboplastine which, as is known, can only be kept, in suspension form, if it is mixed with a stabilising liquid, e.g. a polyalcohol.
  • trisodium citrate and sodium oxalate are also excellent tbromoboplastine stabilisers so that the above described device can, once ready for use, be stored for a relatively long period of time in cool surroundings, say about 4 C., even after having introduced the blood to be tested into enclosure 13,, the blood being prevented from coagulating since the above sodium compounds will have fixed the Ca++ ions that are contained in the blood.
  • the described device is supplied already filled with its CaCl and thromboplastine suspension contents in the above indicated quantities, and preferably wrapped in lagging.
  • the blood must be introduced into enclosure E and in particular into the portion L thereof.
  • the device is placed upside down in relation to the position illustrated in FIG. 1 and is subjected to abrupt downward acceleration so as to clear space L of any thromboplastine suspension in trisodium citrate solution.
  • element 1 is provided on its outer surface with an identification mark such as for instance a coloured stripe near one of its ends.
  • element 1 could be made of plastics material having a colour which contrasts with that of the material used to make element 2.
  • Elements 1 and 2 are then separated and the blood to be tested, generally freshly drawn blood, is put into space L in a quantity such that the top surface of the blood lies substantially at the level of the tip of peg 4a, this quantity amounting to 20 ,ul. in the case of the described device. It should be noted that the blood surface will not be plane but slightly bulging because of surface tension.
  • Elements 1 and 2 of the device are then assembled again and the assembled set-up is then shaken, for instance by an axial movement, so as intimately to mix the blood with the suspension of thromboplastine in trisodium citrate solution, thereby fixing the Ca++ ions of the blood by means of the trisodium citrate and hence preventing the blood from coagulating.
  • the device can be stored at low temperature for later completion of the test to determine the blood coagulation time or the test can be completed immediately.
  • the blood may for instance be collected at one place and the remainder of the test can be carried out at another, which may be geographically far apart from the first, since the blood once collected will not coagulate in the device.
  • the contents of the device are heated to a temperature of 37 C. by placing the device for a sufficiently long period of time in an atmosphere having that temeprature.
  • the device is then fitted over a locating boss 7 of cylindrical shape (FIGS. 5 to 7) projecting from base 6, the diameter of boss 7 being slightly less than that of that part of the opening in element 2 surrounded by wall portion 2g and its height being slightly greater than the distance between the bottom end of element 2 and the underside of disc 5.
  • boss 7 is also bevelled along its top edge
  • this annular bevel having an inclination and an area corresponding substantially to the inclination and area of the flared surface 2] inside element 2.
  • the top end of rod 3 has then fitted thereon a cap 9 secured to the end of a pin 8 in coaxial alignment with rod 3 and having a sharp point 8a.
  • a force F is exerted on pin 8 such that point 8:: may be driven into rod 3 (FIG. 5) and such as to cause ripping of membrane 1d.
  • Rod 3 then is driven into enclosure E thereby causing the recess 30 in stud 3a to fit over the peg 4a of disc 4 (FIG. 6), whereupon membrane 2a is caused to rip, thereby causing disc 4 and rod 3 to enter enclosure E (FIG. 7).
  • pin 8 is rotated, e.g. in direction F (FIG. 7), and the time that elapses between the moment rotation begins and the moment when the resistance exerted on rod 3 under the action of viscosity reaches a predetermined value is then measured, this predetermined value being characteristic of a particular state of coagulation reached by the blood being tested.
  • this time is of the order of about 10 to seconds depending on the activity of the thromboplastine being used.
  • This detection can be done in numerous ways. For instance, either there can be effected a dynamometric measurement of the change that takes place in time of the torque acting on pin 8 or there can be effected a tachometric measurement of the change that takes place in time of the speed at which pin 8 rotates when the driving torque remains constant, or else there can be effected a measurement of the change that takes place in time of the power needed to drive pin 8 to keep its rotational speed constant.
  • the blood coagulation time can also be determined by operating the described device in a manner slightl different from the one described.
  • This alternative method of operation is illustrated by FIGS. 8 to 10.
  • the device is fitted onto a mandrel 10 having a bevelled top edge 10a which comes to bear against the flared surface 2 inside element 2.
  • Mandrel 10 is adapted to move vertically between a first, lower, position, shown in FIG. 8, and a second, upper, position, shown in FIG. 10, rod 3 being kept stationary, both angularly and axially, by means of a fixedly mounted pin 8 in coaxial alignment with the mandrel 10 and in engagement with rod 3 by means of a point 8'0.
  • pin 8 is kept angularly stationary, mandrel 10 is rotated for instance in direction F and the increase in viscosity that isundergone by the liquid mass contained in the device is measured, such increase being due to coagulation of the blood.
  • This detection can be done by any one of the ways outlined above in relation to FIGS. 5 to 7.
  • a capsule adapted to receive a liquid sample and solutions for testing the viscosity of said sample comprising first and second hollow members, said members each being configurated on one end to interengage one with the other, said first member having a first frangible partition means therein adjacent said configurated end, the hollow area between said first frangible partition means and said configurated end forming a first chamber means, said second member having a second frangible partition means adjacent said configurated end, the hollow area between said second frangible partition means and said configurated end forming a second chamber means, a third partition means in said second member spaced from said second frangible partition means, the area between said second frangible partition means and said third partition means forming a third chamber, said first, second and third chamber means having flow impedance means therein, said chamber means adapted to receive a sample liquid and other solutions therein, an agitating means associated with one of said members and adapted to agitate said mixture of said sample liquid and other solutions to determine the viscosity of said liquid, whereby said liquid
  • a capsule as in claim 2 wherein said agitating means comprises a shaft extending lengthwise within said first member and attached at one end to said first frangible partition means, said attached end being truncated in profile with said first partition means being attached to said truncated edge, and shaft being adapted to be first moved axially toward said second member to rupture said frangible partitions and then to be rotated to stir said liquids and other solutions until coagulation occurs.
  • a capsule as in claim 3 including a slug means, said slug means being attached to said second frangible partition, means, a projection on said slug means extending toward said first member, a recess in the truncated end of said agitating shaft adapted to fit over said projection when said agitating shaft is propelled axially toward said second member to rupture said first and second frangible partition means.
  • a capsule as in claim 1 wherein said flow impedance means comprise longitudinal grooves in the walls of all of said chamber means, said grooves tending to aid in coagulating the combined mixture of said sample liquid and other solutions when said mixture is stirred by said agitating means.
  • said third partition means comprises a separate disc, said disc forcefitted into said second member.
  • said agitating means comprises an agitating shaft attached to said first frangible partition means, said flow impedance means consisting of longitudinal grooves in the inner surfaces of said chamber means whereby said agitating shaft is adapted to be thrust axially in the direction of said second member to rupture said frangible partitions and mix said sample liquid and other solutions, and whereby said grooves are adapted to cooperate with said agitating shaft to coagulate said mixture upon relative rotation between said agitating shaft and said grooves.
  • a capsule for receiving a liquid sample and other solutions to test the coagulation time of said sample said capsule containing first, second and third chamber means, in that order, a first frangible partition means defining said first chamber means, a second frangible partition means separating said first and second chamber means, an agitating means connected to said first frangible means and adapted, upon movement toward said second chamber means, to rupture said first and second frangible partition means, projection means annularly spaced around the first and second chamber means and adapted to cooperate with said agitating means to cause the resulting mixture of said sample and other liquids to coagulate.
  • a capsule as in claim 14 wherein said agitating means comprises a plunger axially movable with respect to said capsule.
  • a capsule as in claim 14 wherein said capsule means is tubular and comprises two housings, said first chamber means located with the first housing and second and third chamber means located within said second housing.
  • said agitating means comprises an elongated shaft attached to said first frangible partition means and adapted to be driven axially toward said second housing to rupture said first and second frangible partition means to allow said liquid sample and other solutions to mix.
  • a capsule as in claim 21 including a circular slug mounted in the middle of said second membrane, said slug having a projection extending toward said first housing, and said elongated shaft having a recess in its end face adapted to loosely fit over said projection when it is moved axially to rupture said membrane, said slug projection adapted to act as a guide during the filling of said second chamber.

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US20340A 1969-03-19 1970-03-17 Coagulometer capsule Expired - Lifetime US3692487A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH412469A CH506791A (fr) 1969-03-19 1969-03-19 Dispositif pour l'exécution d'un test de coagulation sanguine et procédé de mise en action de ce dispositif

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US20341A Expired - Lifetime US3704099A (en) 1969-03-19 1970-03-17 Coagulometer

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US (2) US3692487A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU1283570A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (2) CH533307A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE2014123A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES377637A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (2) FR2039643A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (2) GB1310246A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IL (2) IL34113A0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (2) NL7003917A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA701872B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3918908A (en) * 1974-05-17 1975-11-11 Geomet Method for prothrombin testing
US3951606A (en) * 1974-05-17 1976-04-20 Geomet, Inc. Apparatus for prothrombin testing
US4408690A (en) * 1981-06-12 1983-10-11 Ferrero S.P.A. Beverage container pierceable by a drinking straw
US4533519A (en) * 1983-07-20 1985-08-06 Hemotec, Inc. Gas flow coagulation test cartridge having movable member establishing communication between reagent and reaction chambers
US4663127A (en) * 1982-10-15 1987-05-05 Hemotec, Inc. Gas flow cartridge having resilient flexible membrane with slit separating reaction and reagent chambers
US4947679A (en) * 1989-04-21 1990-08-14 The Dow Chemical Company Apparatus for determining resin gel time
US5174961A (en) * 1991-01-18 1992-12-29 Hemotec, Inc. High sensitivity coagulation detection apparatus
US5302348A (en) * 1992-12-10 1994-04-12 Itc Corporation Blood coagulation time test apparatus and method
US5314826A (en) * 1991-08-23 1994-05-24 Medtronic Hemotec, Inc. Platelet activation and function evaluation technique
US5925319A (en) * 1996-04-30 1999-07-20 Medtronic, Inc. Test cartridge for evaluating blood platelet functionality
EP1329723A3 (en) * 2002-01-16 2003-12-17 Lifescan, Inc. Control compositions and methods of use for coagulation tests
US20060016701A1 (en) * 2004-05-17 2006-01-26 Wei Qin Point of care heparin determination system
RU2645081C1 (ru) * 2016-12-28 2018-02-15 Анна Николаевна Плаксина Анализатор коагуляции - тромбоэластограф
CN110583628A (zh) * 2019-10-11 2019-12-20 山东山大附属生殖医院有限公司 便于查找的生物细胞冷冻装置
US11090646B2 (en) 2017-07-27 2021-08-17 Biomerieux, Inc. Isolation tube
CN115253987A (zh) * 2022-09-26 2022-11-01 山东新港化工有限公司 一种驱油用表面活性剂中和辅助装置及使用方法

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4000972A (en) * 1976-01-16 1977-01-04 Hemotec, Inc. Measuring system for the pharmacological manipulation of the coagulation mechanism in blood and for the elapsed coagulation time
DE2962562D1 (en) 1978-08-31 1982-06-03 Nat Res Dev Apparatus and method for harvesting material from micro-culture plates
US4262521A (en) * 1979-08-27 1981-04-21 Sperry Corporation Epoxy resin gel tester
US4797369A (en) * 1985-04-05 1989-01-10 International Technidyne Corp. Method and apparatus for detecting a blood clot
US10823743B1 (en) 2013-10-28 2020-11-03 Ifirst Medical Technologies, Inc. Methods of measuring coagulation of a biological sample
EP3217168A1 (en) 2016-03-08 2017-09-13 Roche Diagnostics GmbH Test element analysis system for the analytical examination of a sample
EP3714466A4 (en) 2017-11-22 2021-08-18 3M Innovative Properties Company AUTOMATED CODE FEEDBACK SYSTEM
WO2021154995A1 (en) 2020-01-29 2021-08-05 Ifirst Medical Technologies, Inc. Medical analyzer and diagnostic sample profiler

Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3918908A (en) * 1974-05-17 1975-11-11 Geomet Method for prothrombin testing
US3951606A (en) * 1974-05-17 1976-04-20 Geomet, Inc. Apparatus for prothrombin testing
US4408690A (en) * 1981-06-12 1983-10-11 Ferrero S.P.A. Beverage container pierceable by a drinking straw
US4663127A (en) * 1982-10-15 1987-05-05 Hemotec, Inc. Gas flow cartridge having resilient flexible membrane with slit separating reaction and reagent chambers
US4533519A (en) * 1983-07-20 1985-08-06 Hemotec, Inc. Gas flow coagulation test cartridge having movable member establishing communication between reagent and reaction chambers
US4947679A (en) * 1989-04-21 1990-08-14 The Dow Chemical Company Apparatus for determining resin gel time
US5174961A (en) * 1991-01-18 1992-12-29 Hemotec, Inc. High sensitivity coagulation detection apparatus
US5314826A (en) * 1991-08-23 1994-05-24 Medtronic Hemotec, Inc. Platelet activation and function evaluation technique
US5302348A (en) * 1992-12-10 1994-04-12 Itc Corporation Blood coagulation time test apparatus and method
US5925319A (en) * 1996-04-30 1999-07-20 Medtronic, Inc. Test cartridge for evaluating blood platelet functionality
US6955920B1 (en) 1996-04-30 2005-10-18 Medtronic, Inc. Test cartridge for evaluating blood platelet functionality
EP1329723A3 (en) * 2002-01-16 2003-12-17 Lifescan, Inc. Control compositions and methods of use for coagulation tests
US6746872B2 (en) 2002-01-16 2004-06-08 Lifescan, Inc. Control compositions and methods of use for coagulation tests
US8801918B2 (en) 2004-05-17 2014-08-12 Medtronic, Inc. Point of care heparin determination system
US7699966B2 (en) 2004-05-17 2010-04-20 Medtronic, Inc. Point of care heparin determination system
US20100181210A1 (en) * 2004-05-17 2010-07-22 Wei Qin Point of Care Heparin Determination System
US20060016701A1 (en) * 2004-05-17 2006-01-26 Wei Qin Point of care heparin determination system
RU2645081C1 (ru) * 2016-12-28 2018-02-15 Анна Николаевна Плаксина Анализатор коагуляции - тромбоэластограф
US12220695B2 (en) 2017-07-27 2025-02-11 Biomerieux, Inc. Isolation tube
US11090646B2 (en) 2017-07-27 2021-08-17 Biomerieux, Inc. Isolation tube
US11883818B2 (en) 2017-07-27 2024-01-30 Biomerieux, Inc. Isolation tube
US11305273B2 (en) 2017-07-27 2022-04-19 Biomerieux, Inc. Isolation tube with a rheological control member and a plunger
US11325117B2 (en) * 2017-07-27 2022-05-10 Biomerieux, Inc. Centrifugally separating samples in a container having a seal and containing a plunger for opening the seal
US11383231B2 (en) 2017-07-27 2022-07-12 Biomerieux, Inc. Isolation tube
US11440000B2 (en) * 2017-07-27 2022-09-13 Biomerieux, Inc. Isolation tube with an endcap
US12070745B2 (en) 2017-07-27 2024-08-27 Biomerieux, Inc. Isolation tube woth and endcap
US11918998B2 (en) 2017-07-27 2024-03-05 BIOMéRIEUX, INC. Assembly comprising a sample collection vessel and a separation container having seal, plunger with seal-piercing point, retainer, and flexible sealing member
US11850584B2 (en) 2017-07-27 2023-12-26 Biomerieux, Inc. Isolation tube
CN110583628A (zh) * 2019-10-11 2019-12-20 山东山大附属生殖医院有限公司 便于查找的生物细胞冷冻装置
CN110583628B (zh) * 2019-10-11 2021-08-24 山东山大附属生殖医院有限公司 便于查找的生物细胞冷冻装置
CN115253987B (zh) * 2022-09-26 2022-12-09 山东新港化工有限公司 一种驱油用表面活性剂中和辅助装置及使用方法
CN115253987A (zh) * 2022-09-26 2022-11-01 山东新港化工有限公司 一种驱油用表面活性剂中和辅助装置及使用方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH506791A (fr) 1971-04-30
ES377637A1 (es) 1972-07-16
FR2039643A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-01-15
GB1310246A (en) 1973-03-14
IL34113A0 (en) 1970-05-21
DE2014123A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-10-08
AU1283570A (en) 1971-09-23
GB1310245A (en) 1973-03-14
CH533307A (fr) 1973-01-31
ZA701872B (en) 1971-05-27
FR2039644A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-01-15
NL7003917A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-09-22
DE2014133A1 (de) 1970-10-01
NL7003916A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-09-22
IL34114A0 (en) 1970-05-21
US3704099A (en) 1972-11-28

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