US3689755A - Engine control systems - Google Patents

Engine control systems Download PDF

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Publication number
US3689755A
US3689755A US72724A US3689755DA US3689755A US 3689755 A US3689755 A US 3689755A US 72724 A US72724 A US 72724A US 3689755D A US3689755D A US 3689755DA US 3689755 A US3689755 A US 3689755A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
engine
lines
line
input
group
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US72724A
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English (en)
Inventor
Duncan Barry Hodgson
Malcolm Williams
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF International UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Lucas Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lucas Industries Ltd filed Critical Lucas Industries Ltd
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Publication of US3689755A publication Critical patent/US3689755A/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/02—Digital function generators
    • G06F1/03—Digital function generators working, at least partly, by table look-up
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/2406—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using essentially read only memories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
    • F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
    • F02P5/145—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
    • F02P5/15—Digital data processing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2700/00—Mechanical control of speed or power of a single cylinder piston engine
    • F02D2700/02—Controlling by changing the air or fuel supply
    • F02D2700/0217—Controlling by changing the air or fuel supply for mixture compressing engines using liquid fuel
    • F02D2700/0225—Control of air or mixture supply
    • F02D2700/0228—Engines without compressor
    • F02D2700/023—Engines without compressor by means of one throttle device
    • F02D2700/0233—Engines without compressor by means of one throttle device depending on several parameters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S261/00—Gas and liquid contact apparatus
    • Y10S261/74—Valve actuation; electrical

Definitions

  • An engine control system particularly for a road vehicle, includes two transducers for producing two signals representing any two of the parameters engine speed, manifold pressure and throttle angle. These signals provide input to a matrix which gives an 'n-bit output two. This output controls an engine characteristic.
  • This invention relates to engine control systems generally, but is particularly concerned with engines used in road vehicles, where it is often required that the engine should be controlled to obtain some desideratum, for example minimum exhaust emission, maximum fuel economy or peak performance.
  • the control will in most cases be of the injection of fuel to the engine, but can, in the case of an engine having a spark ignition system, be of the ignition timing, or even a combination of timing and fuel injection.
  • the invention uses any combination of two parameters chosen from a group of three engine parameters, namely engine speed, manifold pressure (which of course can be a negative pressure) .and through angle, to provide two signals.
  • engine speed which of course can be a negative pressure
  • manifold pressure which of course can be a negative pressure
  • a matrix which can be a diode matrix or can use suitable semi-conductor devices other than diodes.
  • the matrix is designed to give an n-bit output determined by both input signals, n being at least two, and this output is used to control an engine characteristic.
  • the accompanying drawing is a schematic circuit diagram illustrating one example of the invention as applied to a spark ignition fuel injection internal combustion engine for a road vehicle.
  • a signal is produced by any convenient transducer 8 representing one of the three variables, engine speed, throttle angle and manifold depression, the signal being produced in the form of a three bit binary word.
  • Transducers are commercially available which will sense engine speed and produce an electrical output which can be provided in the form of a three bit binary word, and similar transducers are available for giving a three bit binary word representing throttle angle and manifold depression. The exact details of these transducers are not important to an understanding of the invention.
  • Another three bit binary word is produced by another transducer 9 which responds to another of the three parameters, and the two words are fed respectively to a pair of decoders l 1 and 12.
  • the decoder l 1 energizes one of eight input lines 13 of a diode matrix.
  • the decoder 12 energizes one of eight output lines 14 depending on its input signal, and the lines 14 control a switching device 15 which can energize any one of eight groups of five lines 16 each of which crosses each line 13, with connections made where required by diodes which for simplicity are shown as'dots.
  • One output line 21 is connectible to the first line 16 in each group and four further output lines 21 are connectible to the other four lines 16 in each group, the lines 21 being coupled to a device 22 for controlling the supply of fuel to the engine 23.
  • the dotted connections within the device 15 do not of course represent diodes.
  • the drawing shows only the diodes associated with the lines 13 and the first two groups of input lines 16, but by way of example it will be seen that, assuming 1 represents the interconnection of two lines 13, 16, then if the first group of lines 16 are energized and the eight lines 13 are energized in turn, the following output signals will be obtained: 10000, 00100, 01001, 01100, 10100, 10010, 11111, and 01000. Similarly, if the second group is energized, the output as the lines 13 are energized in turn will be 01100, 11001, 10101,
  • the term energized as applied to a group of lines 16 means simply that the group of lines is in operation, that is to say is connected to the device 22.
  • the switching device 15 can, on receipt of an input on a line 14, provide base current to five transistors serving through their collector-emitter paths to connect the appropriate group of five lines 16 to the lines 21. It is convenient to use metal oxide silicon (M.O.S.) transistor for this purpose, because they are readily integrated.
  • M.O.S. metal oxide silicon
  • n in the claims can be from two upwards, depending on the accuracy required. Some outputs may be the same, indicating that the same fuel requirement is necessary for different operating conditions. The exact determination of the output for different inputs is made experimentally for a given engine, after which the same matrix can be used for all such engines.
  • the signal, or a separately obtained signal can be used to control the ignition timing, and in some instances the ignition timing alone can be controlled using as parameters engine speed and throttle angle.
  • the way in which the quantity of fuel and/or the timing is controlled depends on the purpose of the control system, but the arrangement is particularly intended for minimizing exhaust emission.
  • the decoders 11 and 12 can take a variety of forms, and could for example include transistors of n-p-n and p-n-p varieties arranged so that a 1 signal turns on an np-n transistor and an 0 signal turns on a p-n-p transistor.
  • the transistors are connected in sets of three in different n-p-n and p-n-p combinations with the collector-emitter paths of a set of three transistors between a voltage source and one of the lines 13 and 14, and the three bit' words are fed to the bases of the transistors, so that for example the word 101 will cause conduction of the line 13 or 14 to which is connected in series with three transistors having the combination np-n, p-n-p, n-p-n.
  • M.O.S. transistors are employed.
  • the diode matrix can be produced in integrated form starting with an n-type slice and difiusing into it p-type parallel rows which represent the lines 13. At the crossing points of the lines 13, 16, n-type zones are diffused into the strips to define diodes. Pair of conductive strips are then produced extending across the parallel rows and constituting the lines 16, and where a diode connection between a line 16 and a line 13 is needed, the appropriate strip is connected electrically tothe ntype zone at the junction. It is, however, preferred to use M.O.S. transistors in the matrix to simplify production. Such a matrix conveniently has the rows 16 connected to a supply source through resistors respectively which block unwanted conduction paths. A connection is made where required from a line 13 to the drain of a MOS.
  • Such an arrangement can be made in a single diffusion starting with an n-type slice and diffusing parallel rows of p-type material for the lines 13, together with pairs of rows of eight separate p-type regions between the rows to constitute the lines 16.
  • the slice is metallized so that each row is capable of con- 3 stituting with its adjacent separate p-type regions M.O.S. transistors with interconnected gates and sources.
  • the electrical connections are, however, only completed where a M.O.S.- transistor is actually required to interconnect a line 14 and a line 16.
  • the resistors canalso be M.O.S.
  • the decoders are constituted by M.O.S. transistors. It has been assumed that the system voltage allows p-type M.O.S. transistors to be employed, but if necessary n-type M.O.S. transistors can be used, or if a p-type difiusion is preferable to an n-type diffusion in manufacture, but the circuit requires n-type M.O.S. transistors, then a phase inverter can be used to allow p-type M.O.S. transistors to be employed. The phase inverter can itself be formed by pairs of p-type M.O.S. transistors, which are integrated with the rest of the circuit at very small cost and minimum inconvenience.
  • An engine control system for controlling an engine characteristic comprising in combination a matrix unit having a first set of input lines and a second set of input lines arranged in-groups of n lines, where n is at least two, with each line in the second set crossing each line in the first set, and connections being made between lines in the first and second sets in accordance with the engine characteristic being controlled and the nature of the required control, a first transducer producing a signal representing a first engine parameter, means whereby the output from the first transducer energizes one of the lines in the first set, depending on the value of the parameter, a second transducer producing a signal representing a second engine parameter, means whereby the output from the second transducer energizes one of the groups of n lines in the second set of input lines, and control means having n input connections the first of which is connectible to the first line in each group of n lines, the second of which is connectible to the second line in each group of n lines and so on, the arrangement being such that at any instant the energized group of
  • An engine control system for controlling an engine characteristic comprising in combination a matrix unit having a first set of input lines and a second set of input lines arranged in groups of n lines, where n is at least two, with each line in the second set crossing each line in the first set, and connections being made between lines in the first and second sets in accordance with the engine characteristic being controlled and the nature of the required control, a first transducer producing a signal representing a first engine parameter, means whereby the output from the first transducer energizes one of the lines in the first set, depending on the value of the parameter, a second transducer producing a signal representing a second engine parameter, means whereby'the output from the second transducer energizes one of the groups of n lines in the second set of input lines, and control means having n input connections the first of which is connectible to the first line in each group of n lines, the second of which is connectible to the second line in each group of n lines, and so on, the arrangement being such that at any instant the energized group of
  • An engine control system for controlling an engine characteristic comprising in combination a matrix unit having a first set of input lines and a second set of input lines arranged in groups of n lines, where n is at least two, with each line in the second set crossing each line in the first set, and connections being made between lines in the first and second sets in accordance with the engine characteristic being controlled and the nature of the required control, a first transducer producing a signal representing a first engine parameter, means whereby the output from the first transducer energizes one of the lines in the first set, depending on the value of the parameter, a second transducer producing a signal representing a second engine parameter, means whereby the output from the second transducer energizes one of the groups of n lines in the second set of input lines, and control means having n input connections the first of which is connectible to the first line in each group of 11 lines, the second of which is connectible to the second line in each group of n lines and so on, the arrangement being such that at any instant the energized group of n lines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
US72724A 1969-09-23 1970-09-15 Engine control systems Expired - Lifetime US3689755A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB4690469 1969-09-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3689755A true US3689755A (en) 1972-09-05

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US72724A Expired - Lifetime US3689755A (en) 1969-09-23 1970-09-15 Engine control systems

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3689755A (de)
JP (1) JPS5029098B1 (de)
CA (1) CA929644A (de)
DE (1) DE2046542B2 (de)
FR (1) FR2062432A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1321989A (de)
SE (2) SE402959B (de)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3811037A (en) * 1971-07-07 1974-05-14 Nippon Denso Co Digital data corrector
US3846625A (en) * 1972-02-21 1974-11-05 Hitachi Ltd Computing device for an interpolation
US3898962A (en) * 1972-06-02 1975-08-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Control system and devices for internal combustion engines
US3976043A (en) * 1974-12-19 1976-08-24 Texaco Inc. Means and method for controlling the occurrence and the duration of time intervals during which sparks are provided in a multicylinder internal combustion engine
US4035619A (en) * 1974-06-11 1977-07-12 Texas Instruments Incorporated Analog computer, particularly for an ignition system for internal combustion engine
US4034719A (en) * 1973-12-07 1977-07-12 Societe Des Procedes Modernes D'injection Sopromi Control method and apparatus for combustion motors
US4039638A (en) * 1975-02-22 1977-08-02 Lucas Electrical Limited Fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine
DE2816886A1 (de) * 1977-04-20 1978-10-26 Bendix Corp Impulszeit-additionsschaltung, insbesondere fuer das brennstoffeinspritzsystem einer brennkraftmaschine
FR2389001A1 (fr) * 1977-04-27 1978-11-24 Magneti Marelli Spa Equipement electronique de controle d'alimentation d'un melange air/essence dans un moteur a combustion interne
FR2446926A1 (fr) * 1979-01-16 1980-08-14 Hitachi Ltd Appareil de reglage automatique de carburation pour moteur a combustion interne a carburateur
US4373187A (en) * 1979-07-20 1983-02-08 Hitachi, Ltd. Corrective feedback technique for controlling air-fuel ratio for an internal combustion engine
US4487187A (en) * 1982-12-10 1984-12-11 Don Petro Electronically controlled fluid floro regulating system
US5813374A (en) * 1987-11-12 1998-09-29 Injection Research Specialists, Inc. Two-cycle engine with electronic fuel injection

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1415163A (en) * 1971-12-21 1975-11-26 Lucas Electrical Co Ltd Process control apparatus
GB1435098A (en) * 1972-05-13 1976-05-12 Lucas Electrical Ltd Fuel supply systems for internal combustion engines
JPS52130496U (de) * 1976-03-31 1977-10-04
DE2701567C2 (de) * 1977-01-15 1987-03-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Geschwindigkeitssteuereinrichtung für Fahrzeuge
JPS59202503A (ja) * 1983-05-04 1984-11-16 Diesel Kiki Co Ltd 定車速制御装置
DE3411115A1 (de) * 1984-03-26 1985-10-03 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Kombinationssensor
DE3411402A1 (de) * 1984-03-28 1985-10-10 Atlas Fahrzeugtechnik GmbH, 5980 Werdohl Anordnung zur intermittierenden kraftstoffeinspritzung
GB9025480D0 (en) * 1990-11-22 1991-01-09 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Hard-wired controller/monitor
DE4124191A1 (de) * 1991-07-20 1993-01-21 Dornier Gmbh Sensorsystem mit quasidigitaler kalibrierung

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2925220A (en) * 1954-09-30 1960-02-16 Rca Corp Function generator
US3010656A (en) * 1956-08-04 1961-11-28 Emi Ltd Interpolator devices
US3110802A (en) * 1957-08-03 1963-11-12 Emi Ltd Electrical function generators
US3345505A (en) * 1960-10-24 1967-10-03 Gen Precision Systems Inc Function generator
US3412240A (en) * 1963-02-21 1968-11-19 Gen Precision Systems Inc Linear interpolater
US3472066A (en) * 1968-01-19 1969-10-14 Bell & Howell Co Engine testing apparatus
US3474667A (en) * 1967-10-26 1969-10-28 Harold O Fuchs Engine ignition system performance monitor

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2925220A (en) * 1954-09-30 1960-02-16 Rca Corp Function generator
US3010656A (en) * 1956-08-04 1961-11-28 Emi Ltd Interpolator devices
US3110802A (en) * 1957-08-03 1963-11-12 Emi Ltd Electrical function generators
US3345505A (en) * 1960-10-24 1967-10-03 Gen Precision Systems Inc Function generator
US3412240A (en) * 1963-02-21 1968-11-19 Gen Precision Systems Inc Linear interpolater
US3474667A (en) * 1967-10-26 1969-10-28 Harold O Fuchs Engine ignition system performance monitor
US3472066A (en) * 1968-01-19 1969-10-14 Bell & Howell Co Engine testing apparatus

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3811037A (en) * 1971-07-07 1974-05-14 Nippon Denso Co Digital data corrector
US3846625A (en) * 1972-02-21 1974-11-05 Hitachi Ltd Computing device for an interpolation
US3898962A (en) * 1972-06-02 1975-08-12 Bosch Gmbh Robert Control system and devices for internal combustion engines
US4034719A (en) * 1973-12-07 1977-07-12 Societe Des Procedes Modernes D'injection Sopromi Control method and apparatus for combustion motors
US4035619A (en) * 1974-06-11 1977-07-12 Texas Instruments Incorporated Analog computer, particularly for an ignition system for internal combustion engine
US3976043A (en) * 1974-12-19 1976-08-24 Texaco Inc. Means and method for controlling the occurrence and the duration of time intervals during which sparks are provided in a multicylinder internal combustion engine
US4039638A (en) * 1975-02-22 1977-08-02 Lucas Electrical Limited Fuel supply system for an internal combustion engine
DE2816886A1 (de) * 1977-04-20 1978-10-26 Bendix Corp Impulszeit-additionsschaltung, insbesondere fuer das brennstoffeinspritzsystem einer brennkraftmaschine
FR2389001A1 (fr) * 1977-04-27 1978-11-24 Magneti Marelli Spa Equipement electronique de controle d'alimentation d'un melange air/essence dans un moteur a combustion interne
US4200064A (en) * 1977-04-27 1980-04-29 Fabbrica Italiana Magneti Marelli S.P.A. Electronic apparatus for feed control of air-gasoline mixture in internal combustion engines
FR2446926A1 (fr) * 1979-01-16 1980-08-14 Hitachi Ltd Appareil de reglage automatique de carburation pour moteur a combustion interne a carburateur
US4373187A (en) * 1979-07-20 1983-02-08 Hitachi, Ltd. Corrective feedback technique for controlling air-fuel ratio for an internal combustion engine
US4487187A (en) * 1982-12-10 1984-12-11 Don Petro Electronically controlled fluid floro regulating system
US5813374A (en) * 1987-11-12 1998-09-29 Injection Research Specialists, Inc. Two-cycle engine with electronic fuel injection

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE402959B (sv) 1978-07-24
FR2062432A5 (de) 1971-06-25
GB1321989A (en) 1973-07-04
CA929644A (en) 1973-07-03
DE2046542B2 (de) 1980-06-26
SE403165B (sv) 1978-07-31
DE2046542A1 (de) 1971-04-01
JPS5029098B1 (de) 1975-09-20

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