US3688559A - Method for testing heat insulating lining materials for aluminum electrolysis cells - Google Patents

Method for testing heat insulating lining materials for aluminum electrolysis cells Download PDF

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Publication number
US3688559A
US3688559A US160048A US3688559DA US3688559A US 3688559 A US3688559 A US 3688559A US 160048 A US160048 A US 160048A US 3688559D A US3688559D A US 3688559DA US 3688559 A US3688559 A US 3688559A
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United States
Prior art keywords
heat insulating
samples
cryolite
electrolysis cells
lining materials
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Expired - Lifetime
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US160048A
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English (en)
Inventor
Sebastian Huwyler
Wolfgang Schmidt-Hatting
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Rio Tinto Switzerland AG
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Alusuisse Holdings AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
    • C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
    • C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
    • C25C3/085—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes characterised by its non electrically conducting heat insulating parts

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Samples of inoxidizable heat insulating lining materials for aluminum electrolysis cells are tested after heating at high temperatures, some samples bare, some others packed in cryolite, whereupon the compression strength at room temperature, the apparent density and the dimensions are compared with the corresponding values of the untreated samples.
  • the fluoride melt (the electrolyte) is contained in a carbon lined 11 steel pot 12 provided with an insulation 13 of heat resistant, heat insulating material.
  • the cathodically deposited aluminum 14 collects on the bottom 15 of the cell.
  • the surface 16 of the liquid aluminum acts as the cathode.
  • Iron cathode bars 17 are embedded in the carbon lining 11 so as to conduct the current from the cell bottom outwards.
  • Anodes 18 of amorphous carbon dip into the fluoride melt from above for the purpose of conducting the dc. current to the electrolyte. They are fixed to current conductive beams 21 by means of rods 19 and locks 20.
  • the electrolyte 10 is covered with a crust 22 of solidified melt and on the top of this is a layer of alumina.
  • the distance d from the underside of an anode 24 to the surface 16 of the aluminum also called the interpolar distance
  • the anodes Due to the attack by the oxygen released during electrolysis the anodes are consumed at their underside to an extent of about 1, 5 to 2 cm of their length each day in accordance with the particular construction of the cell.
  • the heat insulation 13 mostly consists of one or more layers of high temperature-resistant and heat insulating materials to further layers of lesser heat resistance but with good heat-insulating properties.
  • cryolite resistant materials for the thermic insulation 13.
  • the invention relates to a method for testing the inoxidizable heat insulating lining materials as to their resistance to cryolite. This method enables to determine the resistance to cryolite by means of the laboratory test described below.
  • the method according to the invention consists of preparing a sample of the lining material, one part therefrom remaining untreated, one part heated to and maintained at 800fl0 C for at least 1 day, one part packed in cryolite and maintained at a temperature of 500: 10 C for at least 1 day and a further part packed in cryolite powder and maintained at 800: 20 C for at least I day, whereupon the cold compression strength (compression strength at room temperature), the apparent density and the dimensions of the treated samples are compared with the corresponding values of the untreated samples.
  • samples of approximately 35 X 35 X 65 mm are cut from the lining materials to be tested, sizes which proved easy to handle. Other sizes can of course be chosen.
  • the apparent density and the cold compression strength were first ascertained.
  • cryolite powder preferably in a graphite crucible
  • the samples were then cooled, cleansed of any adherent cryolite and tested as to shrinkage or volume increase; the samples were also examined for any change of weight.
  • Materials well suitable for use in electrolyte cells should not show shrinkage nor volume increase, nor change in weight to any extent.
  • the test is complemented by determining the cold compression strength of the samples heated in cryolite. For the usability of these materials the cold compression strength of the samples heated in cryolite compared to the compression strength of those which are not heated in cryolite should show no worth mentioning difference.
  • one part remains untreated, one part heated to 800 i 20 C and maintained at that temperature for at least 1 day, one part packed in cryolite and held at a temperature of 500il 0 C for at least 1 day, another part packed in cryolite and held at a temperature of 800:20" C for at least 1 day, whereupon the cold compression strength (compression strength at room temperature), the apparent density and the dimensions of the treated samples are compared with the corresponding values of the untreated samples.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
  • Testing Resistance To Weather, Investigating Materials By Mechanical Methods (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
US160048A 1970-07-17 1971-07-06 Method for testing heat insulating lining materials for aluminum electrolysis cells Expired - Lifetime US3688559A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1090770A CH557886A (de) 1970-07-17 1970-07-17 Verfahren zur pruefung der kryolithbestaendigkeit von waermedaemmenden auskleidungsmaterialien fuer aluminium elektrolysezellen.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3688559A true US3688559A (en) 1972-09-05

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ID=4368074

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US160048A Expired - Lifetime US3688559A (en) 1970-07-17 1971-07-06 Method for testing heat insulating lining materials for aluminum electrolysis cells

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (1) US3688559A (en:Method)
JP (1) JPS5627823B1 (en:Method)
AT (1) AT309091B (en:Method)
AU (1) AU461233B2 (en:Method)
BE (1) BE770044A (en:Method)
CA (1) CA928101A (en:Method)
CH (1) CH557886A (en:Method)
DE (1) DE2133847C3 (en:Method)
FR (1) FR2101751A5 (en:Method)
GB (1) GB1349779A (en:Method)
NL (1) NL152358B (en:Method)
NO (1) NO142462C (en:Method)
ZA (1) ZA714495B (en:Method)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3604845C2 (de) * 1986-02-15 1995-08-24 Egon Evertz Verfahren zur Feststellung des Verhaltens von feuerfestem Material

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3261699A (en) * 1966-07-19 Table ii
US3457158A (en) * 1964-10-02 1969-07-22 Reynolds Metals Co Cell lining system

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3261699A (en) * 1966-07-19 Table ii
US3457158A (en) * 1964-10-02 1969-07-22 Reynolds Metals Co Cell lining system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT309091B (de) 1973-08-10
AU461233B2 (en) 1975-05-22
CH557886A (de) 1975-01-15
DE2133847B2 (de) 1974-04-18
NL152358B (nl) 1977-02-15
NO142462C (no) 1980-09-03
NL7108820A (en:Method) 1972-01-19
NO142462B (no) 1980-05-12
CA928101A (en) 1973-06-12
AU3132971A (en) 1973-01-18
ZA714495B (en) 1972-03-29
FR2101751A5 (en:Method) 1972-03-31
DE2133847C3 (de) 1974-11-21
DE2133847A1 (de) 1972-01-20
JPS5627823B1 (en:Method) 1981-06-27
BE770044A (fr) 1971-11-16
GB1349779A (en) 1974-04-10

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